
大学英语四级写作ppt课件.ppt
122页CET-4College English Test Band 4Keelson HsuIntroduction & Writing Skills全国大学英语等级考试是教育部主管的全国大学英语等级考试是教育部主管的一项全国性的教学考试,其目的是对大学生一项全国性的教学考试,其目的是对大学生的实际英语能力进行客观、准确的测量,为的实际英语能力进行客观、准确的测量,为大学英语教学提供服务大学英语教学提供服务分大学英语四级考试(分大学英语四级考试(CET-4)和大学)和大学英语六级考试(英语六级考试(CET-6)两种每年考试过后每年考试过后8月份或月份或9月份公布成绩并月份公布成绩并颁发成绩单,颁发成绩单,425分为及格线分为及格线大学英语四、六级考试大学英语四、六级考试(CET4、、6)日期日期 CET全国四六级考试的报名时间为:全国四六级考试的报名时间为:每年每年9月份、月份、3月份(每年时间略有不同)月份(每年时间略有不同) 考试时间为:每年 考试时间为:每年12月份、月份、6月份月份的第三个星期六的第三个星期六1、词汇 领会式掌握4,200个单词(其中复用式掌握的单词为2,500个[复用式词汇则是指除了能在阅读中正确理解还能在听、说、写(包括拼写)中正确运用的词汇]),以及由这些词构成的常用词组1,600条(中学所掌握的单词和词组均包括在内),并具有按照基本构词法识别生词的能力。
2、语法 巩固和加深基本语法知识,提高在语篇水平上运用语法知识的能力 3、阅读能力 能顺利阅读语言难度中等的一般性题材的文章、掌握中心大意以及说明中心大意的事实和细节,并能进行一定的分析、推理和判断,领会作者的观点和态度,阅读速度达到每分钟70词在阅读篇幅较长、难度略低、生词不超过总词数3%的材料时,能掌握中心大意,抓住主要事实和有关细节,阅读速度将达到每分钟100词 4、听的能力 能听懂英语讲课,并能听懂题材熟悉、句子结构比较简单、基本上没有生词、语速为每分钟130-150词的简短会话、谈话、报道或讲座,掌握其中心大意,抓住要点和有关细节,领会讲话者的观点和态度 5、说的能力 能就教材内容和适当的听力材料进行问答和复述,能用英语进行一般的日常会话,能就所熟悉的话题经准备后作简短发言,表达思想比较清楚,语音、语调基本正确 6、写的能力 能在阅读难度与课文相仿的书面材料时做笔记、回答问题和写提纲,能就一定的话题或提纲在半小时内写出120-150词的短文,能写短信或便条,表达意思清楚,无重大语言错误 7、译的能力 能借助词典将难度略低于课文的英语短文译成汉语,理解正确,译文达意,译速为每小时300英语单词。
能借助词典将内容熟悉的汉语文字材料译成英语,译文达意,无重大语言错误,译速为每小时250汉字时间流程表时间流程表8:50---9:00试音时间 9:00---9:10播放考场指令,发放作文考卷 9:10取下耳机,开始作文考试 作文(9:10- 9:40)9:35 发放含有快速阅读的试题册 快速阅读(9:40- 9:55 ) 9:55-10:00 收答题卡一10:00-11:20 所有题目在答题卡二上作答 听力(10:00-10:35) 仔细阅读理解(10:35-11:00)完形填空(11:00-11:15) 翻译(11:15-11:20)收答题卡二妩媚人生 min15%(106.5分)二Skimming & Scanning(快速阅读)1-7为单选,8-10为填空15 min10%(71分)三Listening Comprehension(听力理解)1.Conversations(8短8题,2长7题)2.Passages(3段短文,10题)3.Spot dictation(8个单词3个句子)35 min35%(248.5分)四Reading in depth/Reading Comprehension(阅读理解/深度阅读)1.Section A 篇章词汇阅读(1篇,15个选项中选10个填空)2.Section B篇章阅读理解(2篇,10题)25 min25%(177.5分)五Cloze(完形填空/Proofreading(改错)20题15 min10%(71分)六Translation(翻译)中翻英5题5 min5%(35.5分)总计125 min710分注意注意 ((1))l 改变传统的英语考试先做听力,再做阅读,最后写作文的习惯。
一进考场就集中注意力写作文等试题册发一进考场就集中注意力写作文等试题册发下来后,抓紧时间做快速阅读下来后,抓紧时间做快速阅读交了答题卡1后,准备做听力l 作文在答题纸作文在答题纸 1上,其他题目在试题册上上,其他题目在试题册上l 作文和快速阅读在答题纸作文和快速阅读在答题纸1上作答,完成后交答题纸上作答,完成后交答题纸1剩下题目在答卡2上作答注意(注意(2))l 因为答题纸答题纸1要提前交要提前交,所以一定要抓紧时 间做作文和快速阅读,必须在规定时间内 完成l 做完听力后,剩下做完听力后,剩下45分钟时间分钟时间,要完成的 题目有:选词填空,两篇阅读文章,完型 填空,翻译时间短,题量大,一定要注时间短,题量大,一定要注 意时间的分配意时间的分配注意(注意(3))l 听力和阅读占听力和阅读占70%所以四级考试的成绩主要由听力和阅读能力决定l 选词填空和传统阅读占25%,完型填空占10%翻译占5%完型比较难,翻译分值少,建议不要在这两个完型比较难,翻译分值少,建议不要在这两个题目上花太多时间题目上花太多时间四级考试特点四级考试特点1.写作量大(30min,120words)2.阅读量大(40min完成一篇快速阅读、一篇篇章词汇阅读、两篇篇章阅读理解,15分钟完成一篇完型,35分钟完成听力部分的读题、听材料和做题)3.词汇量大(生词难词较多)4.时间紧张(考试时间为2小时5分钟,考生往往做完阅读题就快到时间了,完形填空和翻译做的非常潦草)四级考试备战方案四级考试备战方案1、在规定的时间内做一套近年的真题,熟悉真题的难度,检验自身的水平,了解自己的弱项,确定恰当的备战目标。
2、以真题为最主要的备考资料,认真听讲,熟记方法,仔细揣摩,反复练习(尤其是听力和阅读)3、树立必胜的信心四级考试并没有想象中那么难以通过只要方法得当、练习适度、词汇量足,定能顺利甚至高分通过4、要有恒心只依赖技巧,不做任何准备和练习的考试是不会成功的Grammar Review Grammar Review 一:时态:所谓的一:时态:所谓的"时态时态",就是时间,就是时间+状态谓语动词的时态见下表:谓语动词的时态见下表:过去现在将来过去将来一般diddowill/shall doshould/would do进行was/were doingam/is/are doingwill/shall be doing/完成had donehave/has donewill/shall have doneshould/would have done用于虚拟语气完成进行had been doinghave/has been doing//1.主动形式.主动形式1. 被动形式被动形式过去现在将来过去将来一般was/were givenam/is/are givenwill/shall be givenshould/would be given进行was/were being givenam/is/are being given//完成had been givenhave/has been givenwill/shall have been givenshould/would have been given完成进行///CET-4 常考的三种时态:常考的三种时态:过去完成时;过去完成时;将来完成时;将来完成时;( (现在现在/过去)完成进行时。
过去)完成进行时CET-4 作文作文讲解解写作总论写作总论 写作部分考核的技能是: 写作部分考核的技能是:A.A.思想表达思想表达 1 1)). .表达中心思想表达中心思想 2 2)). .表达重要或特定信息表达重要或特定信息 3 3)). .表达观点、态度等表达观点、态度等B.B.篇章组织篇章组织 4 4)). .围绕所给的题目叙述、议论或描述,突出重点围绕所给的题目叙述、议论或描述,突出重点 5 5)). .连贯地组句成段,组段成篇连贯地组句成段,组段成篇 写作总论写作总论C.语言运用 6).运用恰当的词汇 7).运用正确的语法 8).运用合适的句子结构 9).使用正确的标点符号 10).运用衔接手段表达句间关系(如对比、原因、结果、程度、目的等)D.写作格式 11).运用正确的符合英语表达习惯的写作格式 写作总论写作总论评分标准:评分标准:本题满分为本题满分为1515分分. . 共分五等:共分五等:2-42-4分、分、5-75-7分、分、8-108-10分、分、11-1311-13分及分及14-1514-15分 2-42-4分分 条理不清,思路紊乱,语言支离破碎或在部分句条理不清,思路紊乱,语言支离破碎或在部分句子均有错误,且多数严重错误。
子均有错误,且多数严重错误 5-75-7分分 基本切题表达思想不清楚,连贯性差有较多基本切题表达思想不清楚,连贯性差有较多的严重语言错误的严重语言错误 8-108-10分分 基本切题有些地方表达思想不够清楚,文字勉基本切题有些地方表达思想不够清楚,文字勉强连贯;语言错误相当,多其中有一些是严重错误强连贯;语言错误相当,多其中有一些是严重错误 11-1311-13分分 切题表达思想清楚,文字连贯,但有少量语言切题表达思想清楚,文字连贯,但有少量语言错误 14-1514-15分分 切题表达思想清楚,文字通顺,连贯性好表达思想清楚,文字通顺,连贯性好基本上无语言错误,仅有个别小错误基本上无语言错误,仅有个别小错误表例证关系的过渡性词表例证关系的过渡性词for example, for instance, as an example,for example, for instance, as an example,as an illustration, such as, a case in point as an illustration, such as, a case in point is,is,to illustrate, in particular, to illustrate, in particular, specifically, specifically, say, next, namely, that is, like, say, next, namely, that is, like, take take … as an example, etc. as an example, etc. 让步过渡词让步过渡词although, however, nevertheless, in although, however, nevertheless, in spite of,spite of, it is true it is true …but, even though, but, but, even though, but, granted that, yet, at the very granted that, yet, at the very worst, worst, admittedly, though, still admittedly, though, still after all, of course, clearly, and after all, of course, clearly, and still, etc.still, etc. 常用表因果关系的过渡词语常用表因果关系的过渡词语because, as, since, for, owing to, because of, due to, on account of, as a result of, for the reason, result from, thus, so, hence, therefore, accordingly, consequently, for this reason, on that account, as a consequence, it follows that…, result in, contribute to… 四级作文常见连接词总结:四级作文常见连接词总结:表示时间顺序表示时间顺序 first after a few days eventually at that time in the meantime meanwhile afterward from then on 四级作文常见连接词总结:四级作文常见连接词总结:表示递进表示递进(补充说明补充说明)关系关系 in addition furthermore what’s more what’s worse 四级作文常见连接词总结:四级作文常见连接词总结:5.表示对比关系表示对比关系 whereas while as opposed to by contrast by comparison 四级高分的词汇搭配四级高分的词汇搭配经济的快速发展经济的快速发展 the rapid development of economy 人民生活水平的显著提高人民生活水平的显著提高/ 稳步增长稳步增长 the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people’s living standard先进的科学技术先进的科学技术 advanced science and technology 面临新的机遇和挑战面临新的机遇和挑战 be faced with new opportunities and challenges四级高分的词汇搭配四级高分的词汇搭配人们普遍认为人们普遍认为 It is commonly believed/ recognized that…社会发展的必然结果社会发展的必然结果 the inevitable result of social development 引起了广泛的公众关注引起了广泛的公众关注 arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention 不可否认不可否认 It is undeniable that…/ There is no denying that…四级高分的词汇搭配四级高分的词汇搭配热烈的讨论热烈的讨论/ 争论争论 a heated discussion/ debate有争议性的问题有争议性的问题 a controversial issue 完全不同的观点完全不同的观点 a totally different argument有充分的理由支持有充分的理由支持 be supported by sound reasons发挥着日益重要的作用发挥着日益重要的作用 play an increasingly important role in…四级高分的词汇搭配四级高分的词汇搭配正如谚语所说正如谚语所说 As the proverb goes对对…产生有利产生有利/不利的影响不利的影响 exert positive/ negative effects on…利远远大于弊利远远大于弊 the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages导致,引起导致,引起 lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in 四级高分的词汇搭配四级高分的词汇搭配复杂的社会现象复杂的社会现象 a complicated social phenomenon 责任感责任感 / 成就感成就感 sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement竞争与合作精神竞争与合作精神 sense of competition and cooperation 开阔眼界开阔眼界 widen one’s horizon/ broaden one’s vision四级高分的词汇搭配四级高分的词汇搭配学习知识和技能学习知识和技能 acquire knowledge and skills经济经济/心理负担心理负担 financial burden / psychological burden考虑到诸多因素考虑到诸多因素 take many factors into account/ consideration 从另一个角度从另一个角度 from another perspective 四级高分的词汇搭配四级高分的词汇搭配做出共同努力做出共同努力 make joint efforts为社会做贡献为社会做贡献 make contributions to the society 打下坚实的基础打下坚实的基础 lay a solid foundation for… 综合素质综合素质 comprehensive quality致力于致力于/ 投身于投身于 be committed / devoted to…四级高分的词汇搭配四级高分的词汇搭配不可推卸的义务不可推卸的义务 unshakable duty满足需求满足需求 satisfy/ meet the needs of... 可靠的信息源可靠的信息源 a reliable source of information宝贵的自然资源宝贵的自然资源 valuable natural resources 方便快捷方便快捷 convenient and efficient 四级高分的词汇搭配四级高分的词汇搭配在人类生活的方方面面在人类生活的方方面面 in all aspects of human life 社会进步的体现社会进步的体现 a symbol of society progress对这一问题持有不同态度对这一问题持有不同态度 hold different attitudes towards this issue支持前支持前/后种观点的人后种观点的人 people / those in favor of the former/ latter opinion四级高分的词汇搭配四级高分的词汇搭配热烈的讨论热烈的讨论/ 争论争论 a heated discussion/ debate有争议性的问题有争议性的问题 a controversial issue 完全不同的观点完全不同的观点 a totally different argument有充分的理由支持有充分的理由支持 be supported by sound reasons发挥着日益重要的作用发挥着日益重要的作用 play an increasingly important role in…四级高分的词汇搭配四级高分的词汇搭配正如谚语所说正如谚语所说 As the proverb goes对对…产生有利产生有利/不利的影响不利的影响 exert positive/ negative effects on…利远远大于弊利远远大于弊 the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages导致,引起导致,引起 lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in 四级高分的词汇搭配四级高分的词汇搭配复杂的社会现象复杂的社会现象 a complicated social phenomenon 责任感责任感 / 成就感成就感 sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement竞争与合作精神竞争与合作精神 sense of competition and cooperation 开阔眼界开阔眼界 widen one’s horizon/ broaden one’s vision四级高分的词汇搭配四级高分的词汇搭配学习知识和技能学习知识和技能 acquire knowledge and skills经济经济/心理负担心理负担 financial burden / psychological burden考虑到诸多因素考虑到诸多因素 take many factors into account/ consideration 从另一个角度从另一个角度 from another perspective 四级高分的词汇搭配四级高分的词汇搭配做出共同努力做出共同努力 make joint efforts为社会做贡献为社会做贡献 make contributions to the society 打下坚实的基础打下坚实的基础 lay a solid foundation for… 综合素质综合素质 comprehensive quality致力于致力于/ 投身于投身于 be committed / devoted to…四级高分的词汇搭配四级高分的词汇搭配不可推卸的义务不可推卸的义务 unshakable duty满足需求满足需求 satisfy/ meet the needs of... 可靠的信息源可靠的信息源 a reliable source of information宝贵的自然资源宝贵的自然资源 valuable natural resources 方便快捷方便快捷 convenient and efficient四级高分的词汇搭配四级高分的词汇搭配在人类生活的方方面面在人类生活的方方面面 in all aspects of human life 社会进步的体现社会进步的体现 a symbol of society progress对这一问题持有不同态度对这一问题持有不同态度 hold different attitudes towards this issue支持前支持前/后种观点的人后种观点的人 people / those in favor of the former/ latter opinion 四级高分的词汇搭配四级高分的词汇搭配在一定程度上在一定程度上 to some extent/ degree / in some way理论和实践相结合理论和实践相结合 integrate theory with practice 日益激烈的社会竞争日益激烈的社会竞争 the increasingly fierce social competition 眼前利益眼前利益 immediate interest/ short-term interest 长远利益长远利益 interest in the long run 四级高分的词汇搭配四级高分的词汇搭配有其自身的优缺点有其自身的优缺点 … has its merits and demerits/ advantages and disadvantages对对…有害有害 do harm to / be harmful to交流思想交流思想/ 情感情感/ 信息信息 exchange ideas/ emotions/ information跟上跟上…的最新发展的最新发展 keep pace with / catch up with/ keep abreast with the latest development of … 四级高分的词汇搭配四级高分的词汇搭配采取有效措施来采取有效措施来… take effective measures to do sth. …的健康发展的健康发展 the healthy development of … 对对…观点因人而异观点因人而异 Views on …vary from person to person. 重视重视 attach great importance to… 社会地位社会地位 social status 四级高分的词汇搭配四级高分的词汇搭配把时间和精力放在把时间和精力放在…上上 focus time and energy on… 扩大知识面扩大知识面 expand one’s scope of knowledge 身心两方面身心两方面 both physically and mentally有直接有直接/间接关系间接关系 be directly / indirectly related to… 提出折中提议提出折中提议 set forth a compromise proposal 四级高分的词汇搭配四级高分的词汇搭配保障社会的稳定和繁荣保障社会的稳定和繁荣 guarantee the stability and prosperity of our society更多地强调更多地强调 put more emphasis on…适应社会发展适应社会发展 adapt oneself to the development of society 实现梦想实现梦想 make one’s dream come true 四级高分的词汇搭配四级高分的词汇搭配主要理由列举如下主要理由列举如下 The main reasons are listed as follows 我们还有很长的路要走我们还有很长的路要走 We still have a long way to go 四级作文使用率最高的四级作文使用率最高的12个基本句式个基本句式 1.表示原因.表示原因 1))There are three reasons for this.. 2))The reasons for this are as follows.. 3))The reason for this is obvious.. 4))The reason for this is not far to seek.. 5))The reason for this is that...... 6))We have good reason to believe that...... 例如:例如: There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life.. Firstly,,people’s living standard has been greatly improved..Secondly,, most people are well paid,, and they can afford what they need or like.. Last but not least,,more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life.. 四级作文使用率最高的四级作文使用率最高的12个基本句式个基本句式2.表示好处.表示好处 1))It has the following advantages.. 2))It does us a lot of good.. 3))It benefits us quite a lot.. 4))It is beneficial to us.. 5))It is of great benefit to us.. 例如:例如: Books are like friends..They can help us know the world better,, and they can open our minds and widen our horizons..Therefore,, reading extensively is of great benefit to us.. 四级作文使用率最高的四级作文使用率最高的12个基本句式个基本句式 3.表示坏处.表示坏处 1))It has more disadvantages than advantages.. 2))It does us much harm.. 3))It is harmful to us.. 例如:例如: However,,everything divides into two. Television can also be harmful to us.. It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching television.四级作文使用率最高的四级作文使用率最高的12个基本句式个基本句式4.表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能 1)It is important(necessary,difficult,convenient, possible)for sb.to do sth. 2)We think it necessary to do sth. 3)It plays an important role in our life. 例如: Computers are now being used everywhere,whether in the government, in schools or in business.Soon, computers will be found in every home, too. We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age. 四级作文使用率最高的四级作文使用率最高的12个基本句式个基本句式5.表示措施.表示措施 1))We should take some effective measures.. 2))We should try our best to overcome((conquer))the difficulties.. 3))We should do our utmost in doing sth.. 4))We should solve the problems that we are confronted((faced))with.. 例如:例如: The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious.. Therefore,,we must take some effective measures to solve it.. 四级作文使用率最高的四级作文使用率最高的12个基本句式个基本句式6.表示变化.表示变化 1))Some changes have taken place in ….... 2))A great change will certainly be produced in … 3))sth. has brought about many changes in sth else.. 例如:例如: Some changes have taken place in people’s diet in the past five years.. The major reasons for these changes are not far to seek..Nowadays,, more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein,, and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins..四级作文使用率最高的四级作文使用率最高的12个基本句式个基本句式7.表示事实、现状.表示事实、现状 1))We cannot ignore the fact that...... 2))No one can deny the fact that...... 3))There is no denying the fact that...... 4))This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in.. 5))However,,that’s not the case.. 例如:例如: We cannot ignore the fact that industrialization brings with it the problems of pollution.. To solve these problems,, we can start by educating the public about the hazards of pollution.. The government on its part should also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment.. 四级作文使用率最高的四级作文使用率最高的12个基本句式个基本句式8.表示比较.表示比较 1))Compared with A,,B...... 2))I prefer to read rather than watch TV.. 3))There is a striking contrast between them.. 例如:例如: Compared with cars,, bicycles have several advantages besides being affordable..Firstly,, they do not consume natural resources of petroleum..Secondly,, they do not cause the pollution problem..Last but not least,, they contribute to people’s health by giving them due physical exercise.. 四级作文使用率最高的四级作文使用率最高的12个基本句式个基本句式 9.表示数量.表示数量1))It has increased((decreased))from......to...... 2))sth in s.p. has now increased ((decreased))to …….. 3))sth increased by 15%% compared with sth.. 例如:例如: With the improvement of the living standard,, the proportion of people’s income spent on food has decreased while that spent on education has increased.. From the graph listed above,, it can be seen that student use of computers has increased from an average of less than two hours per week in 1990 to 20 hours in 2000..四级作文使用率最高的四级作文使用率最高的12个基本句式个基本句式10. 表示看法表示看法 1))People have((take,,adopt,,assume))different attitudes towards sth.. 2))People have different opinions on this problem.. 3))People take different views of((on))the question.. 4))Some people believe that......Others argue that...... 例如:例如: People have different attitudes towards failure. Some believe that failure leads to success. Every failure they experience translates into a greater chance of success at their renewed endeavor. However, others are easily discouraged by failures and put themselves into the category of losers.四级作文使用率最高的四级作文使用率最高的12个基本句式个基本句式11.表示结论.表示结论1))In short,,it can be said that ...... 2))It may be briefly summed up as follows.. 3))From what has been mentioned above,,we can come to the conclusion that ...... 例如:例如: From what has been mentioned above,, we can come to the conclusion that examination is necessary, however, its method should be improved. 注:例句注:例句1可用于任何一个段落的结论句;例句可用于任何一个段落的结论句;例句3则多用文章则多用文章结论段的第一句。
结论段的第一句 四级作文使用率最高的四级作文使用率最高的12个基本句式个基本句式12.套语.套语 1))It’s well known to us that ...... 2))As is known to us,...,... 3))This is a topic that is being widely talked about.. 4))From the graph((table,,chart))listed above,,it can be seen that ...... 5))As a proverb says,,““Where there is a will,,there is a way.. 例如:例如: As is well known to us, it is important for the students to know the world outside campus.. The reason for this is obvious. Nowadays, the society is changing and developing rapidly, and the campus is no longer an “ivory tower. 再如:再如: Does it pay to be honest?? This is a topic that is being widely talked about and different people have different opinions on it..大学英语四级考试作文常用句型大学英语四级考试作文常用句型A. 开头开头 1、、There is an interesting and instructive picture which goes like this: ______________. 2、、______________ has become a hot topic among people, especially among the young, and heated debates are right on their way. 3、、 Recently, _________has been brought to such popular attention that _________ (e.g. Recently, the problem of global warming has been brought to such popular attention that governments at all levels place it on the top of the agenda.)大学英语四级考试作文常用句型大学英语四级考试作文常用句型4、、One of our ancient philosophers said, ______________. Chinese people have always been holding this idea to be one of their standards of morality. 5. No one,,regardless of race, religion or nationality, would deny that... 或:或:Everyone would agree that... 大学英语四级考试作文常用句型大学英语四级考试作文常用句型B 结尾结尾 1. Only in this way/Only when……/Only through……, will/can we……或:或:It is only if/when……that we will…… It is only if all sides of society take their roles fully that we will achieve the society we want. 2. As long as……we will be able to……/the problem is bound to…… As long as we persist in spreading scientific knowledge among the masses, all the superstitions are bound to go out of our life. 大学英语四级考试作文常用句型大学英语四级考试作文常用句型3. With a constant/steady improvement in ……(或或With the gradual worsening of……) sth. will…… With a steady improvement in our legal system, this problem will sure be solved earlier or later. 4. In a word, there is every/little chance/probability/possibility that.……in time to come. In one word, there is every chance that this Chinese Tradition will continue to entertain millions of Chinese citizens. 大学英语四级考试作文常用句型大学英语四级考试作文常用句型C. 中间中间 1)). A great number of solutions are being offered. Some people suggest that ______________. Others argue that ______________. 2)). But I don’t think it is a very good way to solve ______________. For instance, ______________. Worst of all, ______________. 大学英语四级考试作文常用句型大学英语四级考试作文常用句型C. 中间中间 1.建议和解决方法.建议和解决方法 1)). A great number of solutions are being offered. Some people suggest that ______________. Others argue that ______________. 2)). But I don’t think it is a very good way to solve ______________. For instance, ______________. Worst of all, ______________. 3)). My suggestion to deal with/solve/relieve the problem are as follows. In the first place,…. Secondly,…. Finally 4)). If we let the situation go as it is, …. By that time, …. 如如果让这种情况继续发展下去,那么到那个时候,果让这种情况继续发展下去,那么到那个时候,……。
5)) If……, will there be anything that can make me even happier? 如果(我们怎么怎么做),那将没有比这令我更高兴如果(我们怎么怎么做),那将没有比这令我更高兴的了 大学英语四级考试作文常用句型大学英语四级考试作文常用句型:2.It 结构结构 1)) It is advisable to exercise(拥有)(拥有)patience in dealing with such complicated situations. 2)) It is necessary that young and old people should communicate more with each other. 3)) It is certain that fresh air and exercises are more enjoyable and beneficial than medicine. 4)) It is well known that many of our problems are caused at least in part by failure to communicate. 5)) It seemed to me that the only thing that matters is to learn through failure. 6)) It pays in the long run (从长远的角度看(从长远的角度看……))to introduce new technique. 大学英语四级考试作文常用句型大学英语四级考试作文常用句型:3.动名词或分词结构动名词或分词结构 1)) Drinking,,eating,,and smoking excessively can do severe harm to even a young person's health. 2)) The art of communication requires learning the language and culture of the audience. 大学英语四级考试作文常用句型大学英语四级考试作文常用句型:4.递进式结构递进式结构 1)) Fresh vegetables are nutritious(有营养的);(有营养的);furthermore,,they re cheaper than frozen ones. 2)) Helping others will not only bring joy into other people's lives,,but also added happiness into our own. 大学英语四级考试作文常用句型大学英语四级考试作文常用句型:5.表示重要性或必要性表示重要性或必要性 1)) It's important to set aside time for relaxation,,hobbies ,,and entertainment as well. 2)) A harmonious atmosphere is essential((necessary / critical / indispensable))to achieve success. 3)) Global warming can endanger our lives so much that we are obliged to make a careful study of the problem and try to find out a lasting solution to it. 大学英语四级考试作文常用句型大学英语四级考试作文常用句型:6.表示目的表示目的 1)) The purpose of a test is to show what you have leaned about a subject. 2)) The intent is not to catch everyone but rather to catch enough to spread the word. 3)) Competitive sports are recommended to young adults to prepare them for the competitive world of college and business. 大学英语四级考试作文常用句型大学英语四级考试作文常用句型:7.表示结果表示结果 1)) Too much work and too little rest may lead to loss of health. 2)) If you try to learn too many things at a time,,you may get confused. 3)) By consistent hard work we will be able to achieved our objectives (目标)(目标). 大学英语四级考试作文常用句型大学英语四级考试作文常用句型:8.表示对比和比较表示对比和比较 1)) Jobs and work do much more than most of us realize to provide happiness and contentment. 2)) Work is more than a necessity for most human beings;;it is the focus of their lives,,the source of their identity and creativity. 3)) Rather than a punishment or a burden,,work is the opportunity to realize one's potential. 4)) The more scientists find out,,the more questions they are unable to answer. 大学英语四级考试作文常用句型大学英语四级考试作文常用句型:9.表示条件或假设的结构表示条件或假设的结构 1)) Without the distraction of TV,,they might sit around together after dinner. 2)) As long as the brain is given plenty of exercise it keeps its power. 3)) Were it left to me to decide whether we should _______, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter. 4)) Without a degree and with no vocational experience their chances of getting good jobs are slim. 大学英语四级考试作文常用句型大学英语四级考试作文常用句型:10.表示举例表示举例 1)) Take______for example,, 2)) An illustration(例证)(例证)may make the point clear. 大学英语四级考试作文常用句型大学英语四级考试作文常用句型:11.表示采取措施表示采取措施 1)) The government should be taking effective(有效的)(有效的)measures to overcome current difficulties. 2)) As college students, we are obliged to make every effort to help support the Olympic Games. 3)) The school authorities should invest more energy and money in improving working and living conditions for the teachers. 大学英语四级考试作文常用句型大学英语四级考试作文常用句型:12.表示让步关系表示让步关系 1)) While it may be more convenient to possess a car,, it is also expensive and troublesome at times. 2)) Although I do not earn a great deal of money for this job,,the pleasure I receive from the work makes it worthwhile. 大学英语四级考试作文常用句型大学英语四级考试作文常用句型:13.表示因果或前提关系表示因果或前提关系 1)) Because of (owning to) the pressure(压力)(压力)of examinations,, many students are left with little or no free time. 2)) Perhaps it's because few of us know how to accept compliments(赞扬)(赞扬)gracefully. 3)) That is why housework is considered as such a dreary grind(乏味的苦差事)。
乏味的苦差事) 4)) The reason for this is that 大学英语四级考试作文常用句型大学英语四级考试作文常用句型:14.表示存在的问题表示存在的问题 1)) One of the greatest problems facing the 21st century will be what to do with all the rubbish produced in the world. 2)) To travel abroad is a desire shared by many people,,but few can afford to do it. 3)) Cheating is now considered to be a major problem in colleges and universities. 4)) Many people find it harder and harder to keep up with the radical changes that characterize our time. 5)) At first thought,, the problem seems far too involved ((复复杂杂)),,but it can certainly be solved when seriously dealt with . 大学英语四级考试作文常用句型大学英语四级考试作文常用句型:15.. There be结构结构 1)) There are other techniques that might help you with you studying. 2)) There is much that we can learn from the Chinese classic works. 3)) There is no sense(( 道道 理理 )) in leaving important decisions to inexperienced people. 写作的“七项基本原则”1、长短句原则As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar. 强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。
2、主题句原则主题句通常放在句首To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly. 3、阐述观点的一二三原则1))first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗)(不推荐,原因:俗)2))firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(同上) (同上) 3))the first, the second, the third, the last(同上)(同上)4))in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly(同上)(同上)5))to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐)(强烈推荐)6))to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐)(强烈推荐)7))first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强(强烈推荐)烈推荐)8))most important of all, moreover, finally9))on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的(适用于两点的情况)情况)10))for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情(适用于两点的情况)况)4、短语优先原则写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,你的得分率将会降低;相反,如果发现一些精彩的短语,你的文章定会得高分。
其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如:I cannot bear it.可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it.I want it.可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it.5、多实少虚原则原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词所谓虚词是指那些比较大的词比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该只说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital之类的形象词再比如:走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room小姐走出房间应该说:sail out of the room小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room 6、多变句式原则 (1)加法(串联) 写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and,但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。
比如说: I enjoy music and he is fond of playing guitar.如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式: Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm.其它的短语可以用: besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover(2)转折(拐弯抹角) 批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,写文章的时候只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个转折词就够了The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition.The coat was thin, but it was warm. 更多的短语:despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding(3)因果(so, so, so) 昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。
其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系!The snow began to fall, so we went home. 更多短语:then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that(4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重) 文章中如果出现失衡句子,更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形 This is what I can do.Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. 同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分:When to go, Why he goes away…(5)附加(多此一举) 在句子中穿插定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语,使句子有变化The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine.I don't enjoy that book you are reading.Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. 附加法其实很简单:同位语——要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句——借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom /that关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。
(6)排比(排山倒海句)文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个的对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势!Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you.Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides.We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life.(气势恢宏)7、挑战极限原则 既然是挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀!原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。
比如:The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.三段式作文的结构安排英文书信1.信头 (heading) 信头指的是发信人的地址以及发信日期. 一般写在信纸的右上角.先写发信的地址,地址的书写顺是由小到大,依次为: 门牌号、 街名、 城市名、省或州名、邮政编码、国名 如在院系寄信的,地址顺序应为:班级、年级、系名、院名、学校名、城市名、省州名、邮政编码、国名 发信日期单独成行.日期要按英语习惯书写,常用写法有两种: 月、日、年, 如: June 3, 2002 或者日、月、年, 如: 3rd June, 2002 在年份之前有一个逗号如果信是写给熟悉的人,常常只写日期就可以了.2. 称呼 (Salutation)称呼指对收信人的称呼.称呼语后常用逗号“,”第一类书信是写给个人. 1) 写信人认识收信人,但关系不是很亲密Dear Mr. (Miss, Dr, Prof等), 后接收信人姓氏, 如: Dear Mr. Smith, Dear Dr Tan, Dear Miss Chen, Dear President, 2) 写给朋友,两人关系较为亲密,可直呼其名,如:Dear Mary, Dear Jack, Dear Mom, 等.第二类书信是写给某个团体组织或机构的.1)写信人不认识其负责人,称呼语可用Dear Sir,或者Dear Sir or Madam, 2)写信人认识其负责人可称Dear Mr. Black, Dear Professor Chen.3. 正文 (Body)正文是信的主体部分,正文每段第一行往右缩进5个字母.英语信件习惯上不用“你好”开头,可以直接用一两句话讲明写信的目的.所以正文常为三个部分:开头段,正文段和结尾段. 4. 结束语 (Complimentary close)结束语是正文下面的写信人对收信人的谦称.一般从信纸中央稍右的地方写起,第一个字母要大写,后面要用逗号.不同的通信关系要用不同的结束语. 写给公司或相识的人 Yours (very) truly, Yours (very) faithfully, Yours (very) sincerely, Yours (very) cordially, 写给上司或长辈 Yours (very) respectfully, Yours (very) obediently, 写给亲朋好友 Yours (ever), (With) love, Miss you, Always yours, Yours affectionately, (With) best wishes, Your sincere/good friend, your loving mother/son,55. . 签名 (Signature)署名.发信人的签名写在结束语下面一行,信纸中央梢偏右的位置.即便有了打印的姓名,也要加上亲笔签名,以示郑重.签名时,一般写上全名.6. 信内地址 (Inside address)信内地址指的是收信人的姓名职务单位及地址.多见于正式的商务信件,私人信件可以省略不写.第一行写收信人姓名,第二行写地址. 18 Hanzheng StreetWuhan, Hubei 430020P.R.ChinaOct. 25, 1994Dear Mr. William Madison, --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Yours sincerely, Patrick BakerMr. William MadisonGeneral ManagerRoss Engineering Associates1767 Palm StreetLong Beach, CA96104U.S.A. I am a sophomore majoring in Civic Engineering. I‘m writing to you to say something about the canteen service on campus. When stepping into the bright and spacious canteen, we are immediately attracted by the white rice and the smell of various dishes. The service persons are always smiling and fairly enthusiastic for their work. But we get a little surprised when paying for the food, because its price is twice that of the university nearby. The high price is the biggest obstacle for us to have a delicious meal. On this account a number of students have to choose the food that is cheap and with little nutrition. It is unhealthful to our health and reduces the effectiveness in our learning. So it is advisable to drop the food price in our canteen. As to what percentage of price should be reduced, a student poll may be helpful. I am one of thousands of the students who are zealous to see our university take efforts to reduce the price. Yours respectfully, Li MingJanuary 12th, 2002Dear Mr. President, 常见的图表类型有常见的图表类型有: : 1.table( (表格表格) ) 2.curve graph( (曲线曲线) ) 3.Bar Graph( (柱状柱状) ) 4.Pie Graph( (饼状饼状) ) 图表作文图表作文1) 1) 表格表格(table),(table),它表示多种事物的相互关系它表示多种事物的相互关系 E DABC mnfg ezpq xyoh2)2)曲线曲线(curve graph ),(curve graph ),它常用表示事物的变化趋势它常用表示事物的变化趋势: :3)3)柱状柱状(Bar Graph)(Bar Graph)它用来表示几种事物的变化情况及相互关系它用来表示几种事物的变化情况及相互关系4)4)饼状饼状(Pie Graph)(Pie Graph)表示各事物在总体中所占的比例及相互关系表示各事物在总体中所占的比例及相互关系 图表式作文的特点一般涉及5个方面: 描述图表、指明寓意、分析原因、联系实际、给出建议.四级考试一般从这5项内容中选出3个内容考察学生的写作水平。
Features Writing Steps Useful Expressions in Graph WritingWriting Strategy Writing Steps (图表作文的写作步骤): 1)分析图表及说明文字; 2)观察数字变化趋势,分析主旨,得出中心论点; 3)列提纲; 4)写作 Useful Expressions in Graph Writing(1) According to figures shown in the table/graph/chart/pie we can see / conclude that…(2) The graph shows /tells/reveals that…(3) As is shown/can be seen in the chart that…(4) The table is /gives information/about…(5) The table represents the development and changes in …(6) After considering the information in the table we might conclude that… Directions: For this part you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Reading preferences. You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the chart and the outline given belowAn Example: Reading Preference of Students in an American University in 2002Categories of BooksPercentage of Books Circulation in the LibraryPopular Fiction65.9%General Nonfiction18.2%Science /Technology/Education10.8%Art/Literature /poetry 5.1% 1 1) 根据上表,简要描述美国根据上表,简要描述美国 某大学学生借阅图书的分布情况某大学学生借阅图书的分布情况. . 2 2)你对于这些学生阅读偏爱的评论)你对于这些学生阅读偏爱的评论. . 3 3)你通常喜欢阅读哪一类书籍?)你通常喜欢阅读哪一类书籍? 说明理由说明理由. .现象解释型模板一现象解释型模板一 1) We have witnessed 总体现象总体现象. . 2) According to 描述图表描述图表 , , 具体表现一具体表现一. 3) And 具体表现二具体表现二 . . 4) Many reasons contribute to 过渡句过渡句. . 5)To begin with, 原因一原因一. . 6)Moreover, 原因二原因二. . 7) In addition, 原因三原因三. . 8) As a result, 导致结果导致结果. . 9) As to me, 作者的看法作者的看法. . 10) First of all, 理由一理由一. . 11) Besides, 理由二理由二. . 12) To conclude, 总结总结. .描描述述现现象象阐阐述述原原因因表表明明观观点点 Reading Preferences (范文)(范文) 1)We have witnessed that college students vary in reading preference.2) According to the table of the percentage of book circulation in an American university library, the circulation of popular fictions and general nonfictions accounts for 65.9% and 18.2% respectively. 3) And the table also shows that the circulation of science / technology/education books and art / literature / poetry books is 10.8% and 5.1% respectively.4) Many reasons contribute to this phenomenon. 5) To begin with, popular fictions usually possess more appealing plots than other types of books do, so many readers are attracted by popular fiction. 6) Moreover, popular fictions and general nonfictions are easier to be understood. 7) In addition, science and art books demand certain knowledge in special field of study. 8) As a result, more students tend to choose popular fictions and general nonfictions. 9) As to me, I’m in favor of books of science and technology. 10) First of all, in order to deepen what I’m learning, I need read more books relevant to my major and observe the new development in science and technological circles. 11) Besides, these books can also broaden my vision. 12) To conclude, college students should choose books according to their interests and needs. 应试技巧应试技巧一一. 审题构思审题构思 二.草拟提纲二.草拟提纲三.内容写作三.内容写作 四.检查修改四.检查修改 构思时应注意的几个问题构思时应注意的几个问题(1) (1) 构思应从全文着眼,从段落着手构思应从全文着眼,从段落着手. .(2)(2)构思应从自己熟悉的实际出发构思应从自己熟悉的实际出发. . (3)(3)构思时要灵活多样,不拘一格构思时要灵活多样,不拘一格. . 草拟提纲的重点:草拟提纲的重点:段落的中心发展方法过度衔接句型取舍等 检查时可从章、段、句、词四个层次入手检查时可从章、段、句、词四个层次入手1 1)检查篇章的主题是否清楚?)检查篇章的主题是否清楚?2 2)检查段落是否有明确的主题?)检查段落是否有明确的主题?3 3)句型是否多样化?)句型是否多样化?4 4)遣词用字得体与否?)遣词用字得体与否? 。
