备考英语四级_2.docx

备考英语四级 　　 这类题材的文章在真题中所占的比例比较大，主要涉及七个方面的内容：文化、教育、心理学、历史、政治、体育、哲学若是遇到这类文章，阅读时应留意文中所论述的文化、教育等方面的特点，作者或文中所提及人物的观点、态度 Passage1 建议用时：8分钟 From: To: 思想汇报 /sixianghuibao/　　When one looks back upon the fifteen hundred years that are the life span of the English language, he should be able to notice a number of significant truths. The history of our language has always been a history of constant change—at times a slow, almost imperceptible change, at other times a violent collision between two languages. Our language has always been a living growing organism, it has never been static. Another significant truth that emerges from such a study is that language at all times has been the possession not of one class or group but of many. 『At one extreme it has been the property of the common, ignorant folk, who have used it in the daily business of their living, much as they have used their animals or the kitchen pots and pans.』① At the other extreme it has been the treasure of those who have respected it as an instrument and a sign of civilization, and who have struggled by writing it down to give it some permanence, order, dignity, and if possible, a little beauty. 简历大全 /html/jianli/　　As we consider our changing language, we should note here two developments that are of special and immediate importance to us. One is that since the time of the Anglo-Saxons there has been an almost complete reversal of the different devices for showing the relationship of words in a sentence. Anglo-Saxon (old English) was a language of many inflections. Modern English has few inflections. We must now depend largely on word order and function words to convey the meanings that the older language did by means of changes in the forms of words. Function words, you should understand, are words such as prepositions, conjunctions, and a few others that are used primarily to show relationships among other words. A few inflections, however, have survived. And when some word inflections come into conflict with word order, there may be trouble for the users of the language, as we shall see later when we turn our attention to such maters as WHO or WHOM and ME or I. The second fact we must consider is that as language itself changes, our attitudes toward language forms change also. 『The eighteenth century, for example, produced from various sources a tendency to fix the language into patterns not always set in and grew, until at the present time there is a strong tendency to restudy and re-evaluate language practices in terms of the ways in which people speak and write.』②　　1.In contrast to the earlier linguists, modern linguists tend to . 总结大全 /html/zongjie/ 　　A. attempt to continue the standardization of the language 开题报告 /html/lunwenzhidao/kaitibaogao/　　B. evaluate language practices in terms of current speech rather than standards or proper patterns 毕业论文　　C. be more concerned about the improvement of the language than its analysis or history 开题报告 /html/lunwenzhidao/kaitibaogao/　　D. be more aware of the rules of the language usage 作文 /zuowen/　　2.Choose the appropriate meaning for the word “inflection” used in line 4 of paragraph 2. 毕业　　A. Changes in the forms of words. 总结大全 /html/zongjie/　　B. Changes in sentence structures. 毕业 　　C. Changes in spelling rules. 简历大全 /html/jianli/　　D. Words that have similar meanings. 毕业　　3.Which of the following statements is not mentioned in the passage? 思想汇报 /sixianghuibao/ 　　A. It is generally believed that the year 1500 can be set as the beginning of the modern English language. 论文代写 　　B. Some other languages had great influence on the English language at some stages of its development. 作文 /zuowen/ 　　C. The English language has been and still in a state of relatively constant change. 思想汇报 /sixianghuibao/　　D. Many classes or groups have contributed to the development of the English language. 总结大全 /html/zongjie/　　4. The author of these paragraphs is probably a(an) .　　A. historianB. philosopher 总结大全 /html/zongjie/ 　　C. anthropologistD. linguist 总结大全 /html/zongjie/　　5.Which of the following can be best used as the title of the passage? 作文 /zuowen/　　A. The history of the English language. 总结大全 /html/zongjie/　　B. Our changing attitude towards the English language. 思想汇报 /sixianghuibao/　　C. Our changing language. 简历大全 /html/jianli/　　D. Some characteristics of modern English. 简历大全 /html/jianli/ 　　Vocabulary 总结大全 /html/zongjie/　　1.span n. 跨度，范围，一段时间，期间 论文代写　　2.imperceptible adj. 感觉不到的，觉察不到的，极细微的 开题报告 /html/lunwenzhidao/kaitibaogao/　　3.organism n. 生物体，有机体 作文 /zuowen/ 　　4.possession n. 拥有，占有，领土，领地 作文 /zuowen/　　5.ignorant adj. 无知的 思想汇报 /sixianghuibao/　　6.folk n. 人们，民族 作文 /zuowen/ 　　7.permanence n. 永久，持久 总结大全 /html/zongjie/　　8.Anglo-Saxons n. 盎格鲁—撒克逊语，盎格鲁—撒克逊人，地道的英国人 　　9.reversal n. 颠倒，反向，逆转 毕业 　　10.inflect。