宾语从句和表语从句的用法.ppt

宾语从句和表语从句一·句子成分动词作谓语动词之前作主语动词之后作宾语am, is, are 之后做表语修饰名词作定语区别表语和宾语 •表语也叫补语，是主语补足语，对主语进行补充说明表语跟系动词连用，构成系表结构 •She is a student. •She likes the student. • is 是系动词，所以 a student是表语 • likes 是实义动词，所以the student 是宾语•常用的连系动词： •1表示状态存在的词：be，感官动词（look、smell、sound、feel、taste），seem、appear等等 •2、表示状态持续的词：keep、prove、stay、 remain、turn （out）等等 •3、表示状态转变的词：become，come、fall、get、grow、make等等•She looks nice. •The leaves are turning brown.•He cooks good meals.•It’s getting late. •They owns all the cars. 如何区分宾语从句？如何区分宾语从句？•They know the teacher. 主语主语 谓语谓语 宾语宾语•They know the teacher is a man . 主语主语 谓语谓语 宾语从句宾语从句▲句子做宾语就是宾语从句。

句子做宾语就是宾语从句We know (that) Mr. Green teaches English.宾语从句1.作宾语的从句2.在主句谓语动词（及物动词）之后（或介词之后）The reason is that he is a student.表语从句1.作表语的从句2.在连系动词之后3.作用：对主语进行解释说明连接词：that1.Please tell me you will go to the lecture tomorrow.2. It all depends on the sky will clear up.3. The question is the film is well worth seeing.4. He will be well tomorrow I am not sure.5. it is true remains a problem.关联词比较whether / ifwhether / ifwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherA.引导宾语从句时可互换.B.位于介词后要用whether.C.位于句首时要用whether.D.引导表语从句, 主语从句, 同位语从句时, 要用 whether.单项选择单项选择 1.I don’t know____ we can live on the island without any food.A.where B what C how D that2.Could you tell me ___________________?A Where is the part ? B Who’s on duty ?C Whose book is this ? D What are they doing ?3. The teacher told us that the earth _____around the sun.A moved B moves C move D moving4.Could you tell me ________?A if he would come tomorrowB will he come tomorrowC whether he will come tomorrowD If he comes tomorrow5.I did n’t know that Mr. Smith ______yet.•has returned B has returned C had returned D returned BBCCC 1.We wonder how we shall do next.2.Could you tell me where are they having a picnic?3.I am sorry that I don’t know you want to take part in the competition.4.Mr. Li seems that he is very expert at repairing at computers.whatdidn’tthey areas if 1.The mother’s question was that she has no time to look after her daughter.2.The question is whether that boy will turn up in time.3. Tom is no longer what he used to be .4.That is where I can’t agree with you.无义是否….的样子…的地方动词动词+间接宾语间接宾语+宾语从句宾语从句She told me that she would accept my invitation.1.作动词的宾语作动词的宾语2.作介词的宾语作介词的宾语Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.3.非谓语的宾语4.形容词短语的宾语3. It作为形式宾语作为形式宾语He has made it clear that he will not give in. See to it that children don’t catch cold.4.否定的转移否定的转移主句的谓语动词为主句的谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等等, 其后其后的宾语从句若含有否定词的宾语从句若含有否定词not, 一般要把否定词一般要把否定词not转移到主句谓语上转移到主句谓语上, 从句谓语用肯定从句谓语用肯定.I don’t think this dress fits you well.____?5.doubt1)引导词引导词that 可省略可省略I hear (that) he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.2) whether (if) 引导引导I wonder whether you can change this note for me. 3)what I want to know what he has told you. 4)副词类　Where when why how5.虚拟语气下列动词Advise suggest propose insist order command prefer request require后的宾语从句中谓语用Should +do/be done They suggested that I should have a rest.比较His pale face suggested that he was ill.He advised that the work should be started early.Tom insisted that he ___(be) right and ___________(not punish).Was Should not be punished6. 疑问词＋ever引导Who/whom/which/what +ever区别：I can’t understand what I heard.特指= all that /the ..that He gives his son whatever he wants.泛指=Anything that I will give the chance to ______ I think is honest. A. whoever B. whomever比较I know _____ broke the window.We will punish _____ tells lies.7. that不能省略的情况不能省略的情况1)and连接两个宾语从句连接两个宾语从句,that宾语从句放在宾语从句放在and后后Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.2)that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.3)that从句位于句首时从句位于句首时That he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe.4)主句谓语动词与主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语时从句之间有插入语时We decided, in view of his special circumstances, that we would admit him for a probationary.(试用）试用）1. We wonder how we shall do .2. Could you tell me where they are?3. We believe that they have finished4. their task, haven’t we ?5.4. I am sorry that I didn’t know you 6. want to join the Party.找出下列句中的宾语从句作业作业:用用whose, whom, what, how, that填空填空.1.I think ____ he will be all right in a few days. 2.Do you know _____ they are waiting for? 3. He asked _____ dictionary it was. 4. Please pay attention to _____ the teacher said. 5. Can you tell me _____ I can get to the railway station? 6.宾语从句的时态宾语从句的时态1)主句用过去时主句用过去时,从句用一般过去时从句用一般过去时(如从句表如从句表示客观真理示客观真理,可用现在时可用现在时)Did you see that the boys were playing football on the playground at that time? Yesterday Tom said that the earth goes round the sun.2)主句为现在时时主句为现在时时,从句可根据需要选用各种时态从句可根据需要选用各种时态I think that the Green’s have left for Hawaii. I want to know if/whether he will go surfing this afternoon.注意事项（二）从句时态 主句时态现在时/将来时相应任何时态过去时相应过去任何时态宾语从句的注意事项（一）宾语从句的注意事项（一） 引导词引导词 句子类型句子类型 that陈述句陈述句一般疑问句一般疑问句If/whether特殊疑问词特殊疑问词特殊疑问句特殊疑问句practice1.We cannot figure out____ quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out. A. that B. as C. why D. when 2.A modern city has been set up in____ was a wasteland ten years ago. A. what B. which C. that D. where 3.Parents are taught to understand__important education is to their children’s future. A. that B. how C. such D. so 4.You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ____ I disagree. A. why B. where C. what D. howCABB5.I think Father would like to know___ I’ve been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note. A. which B. why C. what D. how 6.The road is covered with snow. I can’t understand___ they insist on going by motorbike. A.why B.whether C.when D.how 7.---Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game? ---Oh, that’s____. A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited 8.People have heard what the President has said; they are waiting to see___ he will do. A. how B. that C. when D. whatCAAD9.---I think it’s going to be a big problem. ---Yes, it could be. ---I wonder ___ we can do about it. A. if B. how C. what D. that 10.Perseverance is a kind of quality--and that’s ___ it takes to do anything well. A. what B. that C. which D. why 11.I really don’t know ___ I had this photo taken . A. where it was that B. it was that C. where it was D. it was whybAA12.Never take ___for granted that I will help you. Better depend on yourself. A. that B. it C. which D. this 13.It looks ___he is unhappy today. A. that B. if C. as if D. whether 14.These wild flowers are so special I would do___ I can to save them. A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever 15.The old woman was shocked by ___ had happened to her daughter. A. whom B. which C. that D. whatBCAD表语从句表语从句用做表语的从句叫表语从句位置：位置： 一般放在系动词一般放在系动词be 后后.The problem is that we have little money.That is what he wants us to do.That is where she got her master’s degree.表语从句的连接词表语从句的连接词( 四大类四大类)1. that 引导的表语从句引导的表语从句, 本身无意义本身无意义, 但不能但不能省略省略. 2. whether 引导的表语从句意为引导的表语从句意为: “是否是否”. 不能不能 用用 if 替代替代.3.what , which ,who, whom, whose可在表语可在表语从句中充当从句中充当“ 主语主语, 宾语宾语,定语定语, 有自己的词义有自己的词义.4. where ,when, why, how 在表语从句中可充当时间在表语从句中可充当时间, 地点地点,方式方式, 原因状语原因状语.特殊用法:1.because 引导的表语从句.的结构.2.as if / as though引导的表语从句常在连系 动词 look , seem, sound , 后面.My anger is because you haven’t finished your homework.It seemed as if the brothers were playing a joke on Henry.•1. I think it is unnecessary for me to speak louder. 2. His mother is satisfied with he has done.•3. he was able to come made us happy.•4. This is makes us interested.•5. The reason was Tod had never seen the million pound note before.what / thatthatwhatwhatthatThat所引导的从所引导的从句是否句是否缺主缺主语语, 表语表语,宾宾语语汉语意义汉语意义能否省略能否省略what 缺缺什么什么; 所所….的的(东西东西/事情事情)不能省略不能省略that不缺不缺无意义无意义引导宾语从引导宾语从句时可省略句时可省略.•who / whoever1.The competition is coming. will attend the meeting hasn’t been decided yet.2. I believe takes part in the competition will try his best. what / whatever3. Can you tell me you ‘d like to order?4. happens, don’t be surprised.5.All the food here is delicious. Just order 6. you like.WhowhoeverwhatWhateverWhatever名词从句让步状语从句who 表 “谁” /whoever表”….” 的任何人表” 不论谁”what 表”什么” “所….的东西” /whatever表”…..的任何东西”“无论什么”1.We cannot figure out____ quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out. A. that B. as C. why D. when 2.A modern city has been set up in____ was a wasteland ten years ago. A. what B. which C. that D. where 3.Parents are taught to understand__important education is to their children’s future. A. that B. how C. such D. so 4.You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ____ I disagree. A. why B. where C. what D. howCABB5.I think Father would like to know___ I’ve been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note. A. which B. why C. what D. how 6.The road is covered with snow. I can’t understand___ they insist on going by motorbike. A. why B. whether C. when D. how 7.---Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game? ---Oh, that’s____. A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited 8.People have heard what the President has said; they are waiting to see___ he will do. A. how B. that C. when D. whatCAAD9.---I think it’s going to be a big problem. ---Yes, it could be. ---I wonder ___ we can do about it. A. if B. how C. what D. that 10.Perseverance is a kind of quality--and that’s ___ it takes to do anything well. A. what B. that C. which D. why 11.I really don’t know ___ I had this photo taken . A. where it was that B. it was that C. where it was D. it was whyCAA12.Never take ___for granted that I will help you. Better depend on yourself. A. that B. it C. which D. this 13.It looks ___he is unhappy today. A. that B. if C. as if D. whether 14.These wild flowers are so special I would do___ I can to save them. A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever 15.The old woman was shocked by ___ had happened to her daughter. A. whom B. which C. that D. whatBCADHomework•1. Workbook Exercise II.•Complete this story using noun clauses.•2. Page 35 in Exercise Book Exercise II.•Compare and complete the following pairs of sentences.。