英语：新人教版必修3)unit_4_(.doc

1Unit 4 Astronomy：The science of the stars1. spreadvt.延伸The bird spread its wings. 那只鸟展开了翅膀Flies spread disease. 苍蝇传播疾病 常用结构:spread sth. with sth. 用……抹/涂/ 铺……spread ...on ...把……抹/涂/铺在……be spread for 摆好（桌子）准备spread oneself\[口\]舒展四肢(躺下)spread out 张开，伸开，铺开，展开，伸长高手过招单项填空Paper making began in China and to Europe.(2009·12·河南郑州检测)A. Spread B. grewC. Carried D. developed解析:选 A 句意为：造纸术起源于中国，又传播到了欧洲 spread 传播 2. method n. 方法He has introduced a new method of teaching.他引进了一种新的教学方法What is the most effective method of birth control?控制出生率的最有效的方法是什么？联想拓展by this means=in this way=with this method用这种方法易混辨析method/meansmethod 侧重“理论方法”，指做某事的具体步骤或程序a new teaching method 一种新的教学方法means（单复数同形）侧重“ 通过手段 ”或“利用工具”去达到某种目的 高手过招选词填空(method/means)（原创）①The quickest of travel is by plane.②She has a very scientific of dealing with political problems.答案：① means②method3. harmfuladj. 有害的常用结构:do sb. harm/do harm to sb. 对某人有害mean no harm 无意伤害别人;没有恶意harm one’s image/reputation 损害某人的形象/名声do more harm than good 弊大于利2There is no harm in (sb.s) doing sth.=It does no harm (for sb.) to do sth. (某人) 做某事无害处be harmful to 对……有害harm n.&v. 损害，伤害Smoking is harmful to your health. 吸烟有害健康高手过招单项填空He is a nice dog. He won’t do you any .（原创）A. ill B. bite C. hurt D. harm解析:选 D 考查固定搭配 do sb. harm/do harm to sb. 表示“对某人有害”句意为：这是一条温顺的狗，它不会伤害你故选 D4. mass n. 质量；团；块；大量；(前加 the) 群众A liter of gas has less mass than a liter of water.1 公升气体的质量少于 1 公升水的质量She has a mass of things to do.她有一大堆的事情要做The masses have boundless creative power.人民群众有无限的创造力常用结构:be a mass of 遍体是……; 充满了 ……in mass 全部, 全体; 整个地 in the mass 总体上 ;总的说来 the (great) mass of 大多数, 大部分masses of sth.大量的东西高手过招单项填空The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took pictures of them. (2009·12·安徽合肥检测)A. many of B. masses ofC. the number of D. a large amount of 解析:选 B 句意为：年轻的舞蹈家们穿着美丽的衣服看起来很迷人，因此我们给他们拍了许多照片 masses of=lots of，后跟复数名词5. pull v. 拉，拖，拔；移动n.拉，拖；牵(引)力You push and Ill pull. 你来推，我来拉 I felt a pull at my sleeve and turned round.我觉得有人扯我的袖子，便转过身来常用结构:3pull ahead (of sb./sth.) 领先于（某人/ 物）pull (sb.) back（使某人）退却；撤回（某人）pull off (sth.)（指机动车辆）驶离（道路至路侧停车处停下）pull out (sth.) 拉掉；使分离；掏出；驶离（车站）pull on 穿，戴上（袜子、手套等）pull together 同心协力；通力合作高手过招用 pull 相关短语的适当形式填空（原创）①I arrived as the last train was .②He a gun and aimed at the criminal.③So long as we , there’s no mountain top we can’t conquer.答案：① pulling out②pulled out③pull together6. cheervt. & vi. (使) 高兴、振奋； (对)欢呼The crowd cheered loudly as the Queen appeared.女王出现时群众高声欢呼He was greatly cheered by the news.他听到这个消息非常高兴常用结构:cheer sb. on 为某人加油cheer (sb.) up（使某人）更高兴；（使）振奋起来联想拓展cheerful adj.高兴的 cheerless adj.不高兴的；阴冷的高手过招用 cheer 相关短语的适当形式填空（原创）①Your visit has greatly him up.②The crowd the runners as they started the last lap.③You look as though you need up.答案：① cheered②cheered; on③cheering7. puzzle vt.&vi.（使）迷惑；（使）苦思n.迷；难题puzzled adj. 无法了解的；困惑的puzzling adj. 令人费解的Her reply puzzled me.她的回答把我弄糊涂了Their reason for doing it is still a puzzle to me.他们为什么要那样做此事我仍感到莫名其妙常用结构：sb. be puzzled by sth.某人对……感到迷惑puzzle about/over sth.对某事感到迷惑puzzle one’s brain 冥思苦想；绞尽脑汁solve a puzzle 解决一个难题高手过招4用 puzzle 的适当形式填空①To explain the findings, he offers two theories.②I that I haven’t heard from Liz for so long.③She listened with a expression on her face.④No one has yet succeeded in explaining the of how life began.答案：① puzzling②am puzzled③puzzled④puzzle8. exist vi. 存在，生存existence n. 存在Does life exist on Mars?火星上有生命吗？I can hardly exist on the wage I’m getting.我靠自己挣的工资简直难以糊口常用结构：exist+prep. 存在于某地方exist on sth. 靠某物生存高手过招用 exist 相关短语的适当形式填空①This plant only Australia.②Can you such a low salary?③I doubt the of alien.答案：① exists; in②exist on③existence重点短语9. in time 意为 “及时”时相当于 early enough, soon enough;意为“终于，早晚”时相当于 sooner or later We got to the station just in time to catch the bus.=We got to the station just in time for the bus.我们到达车站时，刚好赶上了那班汽车The doctor came in time to save her life. 医生及时赶来救了她的命Youll succeed in time if you keep on working hard.假若坚持努力下去，你迟早会成功的联想拓展be in time for sth./be in time to do sth. 对于某事是及时的/及时做某事ahead of time 提前；提早all the time 一直；始终at one time 曾经；一度at a time 一次at times 有时at the same time 同时；然而；可是from time to time 不时；偶尔in no time 立刻；马上take ones time 不急，慢慢来5time and time again 一次又一次；一再 高手过招单项填空—I was disappointed in time when I didn’t pass the examinations.—Don’t be so discouraged. You’ll be successful in time. (2009·12·河南平顶山检测)A./; / B. a; a C./; a D. a; /解析:选 D 句意为：——我没通过考试那段时间我很失望——别灰心你迟早会成功的第一个空考查的是 when 引导的定语从句，表示在某段时间里，故应用 in a time 而第二个空表示“迟早”，故用 in time10. prevent ...from 阻止；制止The heavy rain prevented us from going there.这场大雨使。