句型转换中考英语解题方法与技巧.ppt
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句型转换句型转换龙首坝中学 孙 镇 “句型转换”题主要有两大类：一是基本句式的转换；二是同义句的转换 基本句式的转换主要是指“肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、反意疑问句和选择疑问句、祈使句、感叹句”的转换 江苏省中小学英语教学 一、肯定句、否定句和一般疑问句的转换 这三种句型的转换有共同的规律可循，有几个要点必须牢记我们可以把各种句式归为两大类：1、含有be动词、助动词和情态动词的句子；2、只有行为动词的句子 第1类句子，肯定句改为否定句时，一律在be动词、助动词和情态动词后加“not”改为一般疑问句时，一律将be动词、助动词和情态动前移到句首（首字母大写）肯定回答用“Yes”；否定回答用“No”Yes”或“No”后面的主语必须用代词，“No”后面必须用否定缩略式 江苏省中小学英语教学 将下列句子改为否定句、一般疑问句，并做肯定、否定回答 1．There are some computers in this school．（be动词） There aren't any computers in this school． Are there any computers in this school？（Yes，there are．／No，there aren't．） 2．Li Ming's father can drive a car．（情态动词） Li Ming's father can't drive a car． Can Li Ming's father drive a car？（Yes，hecan．／No，hecan't．） 3．She has already finished her homework now．（助动词） She hasn't finished her homework yet． Has she finished her homework yet？（Yes，she has．／No，she hasn't．） 江苏省中小学英语教学 第2类句子必须借助助动词do；does； did。
改为否定句，在行为动词前加don't（一般现在时态，主语是除第三人称单数之外的人称和数时）；doesn't（一般现在时态，主语是第三人称单数时）；didn't（一般过去时态）改为一般疑问句时，在句首加Do；Does或Did肯定回答用“Yes”，后面动词用do；does或did”；否定回答用“No”，后面动词用don't；doesn't；didn't 江苏省中小学英语教学 将下列句子改为否定句、一般疑问句，并做肯定、否定回答 1．The children like playing games． The children don't like playing games． Do the children like playing games？（Yes， they do．／No，they don't．） 2．Mary usually goes to school on foot． Mary doesn't usually go to school on foot．（原第三人称单数改为原形） Does Mary usually go to school on foot？（Yes，she does．／No，she doesn't．） 3．Tom went to London yesterday． Tom didn't go to London yesterday．（原过去式改为原形） Did Tom go to London yesterday？（Yes，he did．／No，he didn't．） 江苏省中小学英语教学 二、特殊疑问句的转换 把句子转换为特殊疑问句，首先要确定划线部分的“疑问词”，人、物、时间、地点、原因、数量等分别用： who；whom；whose；what；when；where；why；how； how many；how much；how often；how old；how long等。
将相对应的疑问词放在句首，其余部分改为一般疑问句的形式，就是特殊疑问句改完后要注意检查句首的首字母大写和句尾的标点符号 江苏省中小学英语教学 1．My licence number is 573968．What‘s your licence number？ 2．Mike watches TV every evening． What does Mike do every evening？ 3．Jim studied in China last year． Where did Jim study last year？ 江苏省中小学英语教学 三、选择疑问句和反意疑问句的转换 改为选择疑问句时，只需注意根据句子的内容用“or”连接两个并列的成分就可以了如： Lucy is a student．Lily is a doctor．改为： Who is a doctor，Lucy or Lily？ 江苏省中小学英语教学 反意疑问句的结构是“陈述句＋简短问句”，我们必须记住：“前面肯定；后面否定”和“前面否定；后面肯定”的规律和简短问句的主语必须用代词的要求如： Tom likes playing football，doesn't he？ Xiao Hong didn't like singing，did she？ 注意：祈使句的反意疑问句，一般都用will you？以Let's．．．开头的一般用shall we？ 江苏省中小学英语教学 四、祈使句和感叹句的转换 改为祈使句，必须记住：肯定的祈使句，是原形动词开头，否定的祈使句是“Don't”开头，后跟原形动词。
主语是I或we时，句子开头用let me或let's）如： 1．You should remember his telephone number．改为： Remember his telephone number，please． 2．You'd better not tell him the bad news．改为： Don't tell him the bad news． 3．We can go there together．改为： Let's go there together． 江苏省中小学英语教学 改为感叹句，必须记住，强调的是名词，句首用What，What后的名词前可以有形容词；强调的是形容词或副词，句首用 How，后面必须紧跟形容词或副词如： The park is beautiful．改为：What a beautiful park！ 或：How beautiful the park is！ He studies English very hard．改为：How hard he studies English！ 江苏省中小学英语教学 经典例题 1．I think teachers are quite busy．(否定) I teachers quite busy． 填don't think；are。
当主句为I think，否定其从句的含义时，在形式上要否定主句的谓语动词 2．English is very useful. useful subject English is！ 填What a感叹词what修饰可数名词单数时，该名词（或名词前的形容词）前要加a或an 3．Alice does her homework at seven . (否定) Alice her homework at seven． 填doesn't do do是原句does的原形，有的同学很容易漏掉4．Don't forget to close the door，please． Don't forget to close the door， ？ 填 will you祈使句的反意疑问句，简略问句部分用will you 5．The woman is a nurse．(复数) They are all ． 填 women nurses。
变复数句时，作前置修饰语的名词一般不改为复数形式，但 man，woman例外 6．Come on，or（否则）we'll miss（错过）the early bus． we hurry，we'll miss the early bus． 填If，don't将“祈使句＋or＋简单句”结构转换为含if条件状语从句的复合句时，从句中的谓语须用其否定形式 7．Work hard，and you'll learn well． If ，you'll learn well． 填you work hard “祈使句＋and＋简单句”结构转换为含if条件状语从句的复合句时，从句谓语用肯定形式 练习：一、句型转换：1．She has no brother or sister．(改为肯定句) She has brother a sister． 2．You'd better not ask your teacher．（改为否定祈使句） your teacher，please． 3．Your dormitory（宿舍）is very bright． your dormitory is！ 4．The meat is delicious． delicious meat it is！ a andDon’t askHow brightWhat 5．My brother has lunch at the school every day． your brother lunch at the school every day？ 6．We are going to learn French next year． you to learn French next year？ 7．Mr Hu taught her maths last year． Mr Hu her maths last year？ Does haveAre youDid teach 二、陈述句与特殊疑问句的转换（即：对划线部分提问） 8．At the age of five，Martin weighed（重）25 kilos． did Martin weigh at the age of five？ 9．The hospital is about 300 meters away． is the hospital？ 10．Bill met the twins last night． did Bill the twins？ How muchHow far When meet 11．This book is fifteen yuan． is this book？ 12．I read 30 pages of the story yesterday． pages of the story did you read yesterday？ 13．Lin Tao put the radio on the desk． Lin Tao put the radio？ 14．It‘s very wet and cold today． is the weather today？ How muchHow manyWhere didWhat like 15．We are going to study in a new school in two months． are you going to study in a new school？ 16．He spent（花费）a whole（整个）morning cleaning the room． did he spend cleaning the room？ 17．Wei Hua stayed in bed yesterday because she was ill． Wei Hua stay in bed yesterday？ How soonWhy didHow long 答案与解析,供教师参考:1．填a；and。
改为肯定句时，原句中的or应变为and2．填Don't ask否定祈使句就是在动词原形前加上Don't3．填How bright是“How ＋adj．／adv．＋主语＋谓语！”结构4．填What修饰不可数名词meat5．填Does；have原句中的has须恢复成have6．填Are；going7．填Did；teach 8．How much询问重量；9．How far询问距离；10．When．．．meet询问时间；11．How much询问价格；12．How many询问可数名词的数量；13．Where did询问地点，put的过去式是put14．What．．．like询问天气状况；15．How soon对表示将来的时间状语提问；16．How long对“时间段”提问；17．Why did对原因状语从句提问 三、比较等级之间的同义转换 1．Jane jumps farther than any of the other girls． Jane jumps all the girls． 2．She studies more carefully than any other student in her class． She studies in her class． farthest ofmost carefully 四、其他类型的转换 3．Before talking，he told me his name and I told him my name． We before talking． 4．The foreigners want to know how they can learn Chinese kung fu well． The foreigners want to know ______ ______ learn Chinese kung fu well． told each other’s nameshow to 5．Tom had no time for breakfast．He went to school in a hurry． Tom to school breakfast． 6．When he saw me in the street，he was surprised（惊奇）． He was surprised me in the street． 7．Where does he live？I don‘t know．（合为一句） I don't know ． hurried withoutto seewhere he lives 8．Mary visited the new school． Mary visited the new school， ？ 9．There are some sheep on the hill．(单数） There on the hill． Didn’t sheis a sheep 答案与解析,供教师参考: 1．farthest of。
考查比较级与最高级之间的同义转换2.most carefully多音节副词的最高级由“most＋原级”构成，其前可不加the3.told each other's names 4.how to动词know，ask，teach，tell等后常用“疑问词＋不定式”结构，在句中作宾语5.hurried，without6.to seebe surprised to do sth．意为“对做某事感到惊奇”7.where he lives宾语从句须用陈述句语序8．didn't she简略问句中的主语须用代词 9．is a sheepsheep的单复数同形 Thank you 。
