版前景使用英语综合教程一unit6environment.ppt

综合教程综合教程 1 Unit 6 EnvironmentUnit 6 Environment Part CPart BPart ALead inTextExercisePhoneticsGrammarFunctions and NotionsWritingWorkshopLead inTextExerciseUnit 6 EnvironmentTask 2Task 1Task 3Part ALead inTask 1 Study the pictures and discuss the questions below in small groups. Use the words given below if necessary.1.What do you know the “strawberries” in the first picture are used for? 2. What are the people in the second picture doing?3. What is the locker ( 储物柜储物柜) in the third picture made of?Cues: foldable, reusable bags, recyclingCues: cleaning, mop up, volleyball courtCues: cassette tapes, glue, stickPart ALead inTask 1 Study the pictures and discuss the questions below in small groups. Use the words given below if necessary.1.What do you know the “strawberries” in the first picture are used for? 2. What are the people in the second picture doing?3. What is the locker ( 储物柜储物柜) in the third picture made of?These cute little “strawberries” are actually folded reusable shopping bags.They are cleaning/mopping up the volleyball court.It looks like a lot of cassette tapes stuck/glued together.Part ALead inTask 2 Listen to the following short dialogues and fill in the blanks.Dialogue 1 A.Wow, the _______ on your bag is very cute.B.Yeah, really cute, but it’s not a toy.A.It isn’t? Then _______ is it?B.It’s a ____________ shopping bag. I take it with me everyday.A.Oh. So if it’s not used, it can be _______ like this, a “strawberry”?B.Yes. It looks beautiful and is also ________________ friendly.A.Mmm ... good. I bet it’ll ____________ some day.B.Actually it’s already been popular for quite some time.Part ALead inwhattoyreusable folded environmentallytake offTask 2 Listen to the following short dialogues and fill in the blanks.Dialogue 2 A.Excuse me. Am I ______________ you, Claudia?B.No, not at all. Please come in.A.Thanks. Do you have an ________________ dictionary?B.Yes, it’s on my bookshelf. Go find it yourself, OK? My hands are wet.A.OK. Wow ... your bookshelf is like a small ___________ .These books must have ________ you much money, right?B.Not too much. Most of them are books. They are _____________ very cheap.A.Oh ... it’s really a good way to save money.B.Yeah. You know what? I think it’s also saving ________.Part ALead inEnglish-Englishinterruptinglibrarycostsecond-handtrees Task 3 Discuss the following questions. 1.How do you understand “go green”?2.What do you think of recycling?Cues: take care of, environment friendlyCues: save money, make use of, resourcesPart ALead in Task 3 Discuss the following questions. 1.How do you understand “go green”?2.What do you think of recycling?“Go green” means taking care of where you live and being environment friendly.Recycling can save us money in the first place. It’s also a way to make full use of the limited resources.Part ALead inPart ATextHow Colleges Can Go Green on Campus The concept of going green is becoming more widely spread. Many people throughout the country are increasing their efforts to go green. Many colleges and universities are also doing all that can be done to go green. Colleges can go green by recycling. Recycling goes far beyond paper, newspapers or plastic bottles at a college campus. There are actually many items that can be recycled on a college campus. This is especially true for technological products, such as computers, computer disks and printer cartridges. Light bulbs and batteries are just two of the many items which need to be changed fairly frequently that can also be recycled on a college campus. …Part ATextPart AText …Anything that can be recycled on a college campus should be recycled. Janitors should be given reminders about recycling and recycling bins should be placed in convenient locations all over campus. This is one of the easiest, and most important, things that can be done on a college campus to go green.Part AText There are many ways for a college to go green in the cafeteria by making a few easy changes. One of the very easy things that any college can do is buy their produce from a local farmer’s market and serve organic, whenever possible. Recycling cups, plates and any other eating utensils in the cafeteria is also a very easy way to go green on a college campus. …Part AText… This can easily be done by buying corn-based compostable products, especially when serving coffee, as this is a very popular drink on college campuses. Using environmentally friendly detergents and chemicals whenever dishwashing is required is another very easy way for college campuses to go green in the cafeteria. Part AText Without the active support of their students, there is no way that a college will ever be able to truly go green. There are many ways for college students to get involved in an effort to go green. Holding presentations on why going green is so important will remind students to increase their own efforts. Although some colleges assume that students know the importance of recycling, there are many who do not know why it is done.… Part AText… Explaining the importance is a good way to encourage support from students. Another great way to get students actively involved is by holding campus clean-up days that the students will participate in. Many students enjoy getting involved, especially when they feel that they are helping others — or in this case, the environment. Part AText As you can see, there are so many ways that colleges can go green. Even though a college may feel that it is already doing enough to go green, the truth is that there is always something more that can be done. Neglecting the environment is not something that should be done anywhere, especially somewhere as large as a college campus. (469 words)大学如何建设绿色校园大学如何建设绿色校园 “走走向向绿绿色色”这这一一概概念念越越来来越越普普及及。

全全国国上上下下很很多多人人都都在在加加强强环环保保力力度度许许多多大大学学也也在在为为此此做做着着力力所所能能及及的事Part AText Translation 要建设绿色校园，大学可以回收利用废旧物品大学要建设绿色校园，大学可以回收利用废旧物品大学校园里能够回收利用的远非只有纸、报纸或塑料瓶其实还校园里能够回收利用的远非只有纸、报纸或塑料瓶其实还有很多，尤其是具有技术含量的产品，如计算机、计算机有很多，尤其是具有技术含量的产品，如计算机、计算机磁盘、打印机墨盒很多需要频繁更换的西也可以循环利磁盘、打印机墨盒很多需要频繁更换的西也可以循环利用，电灯泡和电池只是其中的两种用，电灯泡和电池只是其中的两种Part AText Translation……校园里任何可回收利用的东西都应回收利用要提醒洁工校园里任何可回收利用的东西都应回收利用要提醒洁工注意回收，垃圾筒应放至显眼且便利之地这是建设绿色注意回收，垃圾筒应放至显眼且便利之地这是建设绿色校园最简单且最重要的方式之一校园最简单且最重要的方式之一Part AText Translation 要建设绿色校园，大学自助餐厅也有事可做，只要在要建设绿色校园，大学自助餐厅也有事可做，只要在某些方面做些简单的改变即可。

任何大学都可做到一件易某些方面做些简单的改变即可任何大学都可做到一件易事就是，只要可能，就从当地农贸市场购买农产品，提供事就是，只要可能，就从当地农贸市场购买农产品，提供有机食物餐厅还可以回收利用杯子、盘和其它器皿有机食物餐厅还可以回收利用杯子、盘和其它器皿……Part AText Translation ……这这很很容容易易，，只只需需购购买买、、使使用用玉玉米米降降解解产产品品就就行行了了，，尤尤其其是是供供应应咖咖啡啡的的相相关关用用品品，，因因为为咖咖啡啡在在校校园园里里非非常常受受欢欢迎迎另另外，使用环保型清洁剂和其他化学用品洗碗，也不难做到外，使用环保型清洁剂和其他化学用品洗碗，也不难做到 Part AText Translation 要要建建设设绿绿色色校校园园，，没没有有学学生生的的积积极极支支持持是是不不可可能能真真正正实实现现的的大大学学生生可可以以通通过过很很多多方方式式参参与与到到绿绿色色环环保保中中来来学学校校可可以以开开展展讲讲座座，，讲讲述述环环保保为为何何如如此此重重要要，，这这样样可可以以提提醒醒学学生生要要更更加加积积极极地地参参与与其其中中。

有有些些大大学学学学生生都都明明白白循循环环利用的重要性，但其实还有很多学生不懂这一点利用的重要性，但其实还有很多学生不懂这一点……Part AText Translation……因因此此，，向向学学生生解解释释其其重重要要性性是是鼓鼓励励学学生生持持并并参参与与其其中中的的一一种种好好方方法法另另一一种种方方式式就就是是举举办办由由学学生生参参加加的的校校园园清清洁洁日日活活动动很很多多学学生生喜喜欢欢参参与与进进来来尤尤其其是是在在他他们们觉觉得得这这是是在在帮帮助助“他人他人”（这里是指（这里是指“环境环境”）的时候 Part AText Translation 由由此此可可见见，，大大学学可可以以通通过过很很多多方方式式来来建建设设绿绿色色校校园园有有些些大大学学可可能能会会认认为为他他们们在在这这方方面面已已经经做做得得很很好好了了但但事事实实是是，，无无论论做做多多少少都都远远远远不不够够任任何何地地方方都都不不应应该该忽忽视视环环境境，，尤其是像大学校园这样的大地方尤其是像大学校园这样的大地方 Part AText Translation•1、、Plant more trees and flowers •2、、Don’t spit everwhere•3、、Don’t litter everwhere•4、、Conveniently to turn off the lights(随手关随手关灯灯)when class is over •5、、 Conveniently to turn off the faucet(随手关随手关水水)•6、、Creating a good teaching and learing atmosphere (创造一个良好的教学和学习气氛创造一个良好的教学和学习气氛)•7、、Propaganda green campus culture (宣传绿宣传绿色校园文化色校园文化) and so on……conceptconceptn. a thought, idea, or principlee.g. She can’t grasp the basic concepts of mathematics. 她无法掌握数学的基本概念。

He speaks in concepts rather than specifics. 他讲话时尽用抽象概念，而不谈具体Part AText Language Pointsgogov. to be in or pass into a particular statee.g. Her hair is going grey. 她的头发日渐花白 This milk has gone sour. 这牛奶馊了Part AText Language Pointsitemitemn. a single thing among a set or on a liste.g. The first item she bought was a computer. 她买的第一样东西是一台电脑 What’s the next item on the agenda? 下一项议程是什么?Part AText Language PointsLight bulbs and batteries are ... be Light bulbs and batteries are ... be recycled on a college campusrecycled on a college campus Light bulbs and batteries are two examples of those things that need to be changed quite often and can be recycled on a collegeNote: Light bulbs and batteries are just two of the many items which need to be changed fairly frequently that can also be recycled on a college campus.Part AText Language Pointsbulbbulbn. the glass part that fits into an electric lamp to give light when it is switched e.g. Do you know who is the inventor of the electric bulb? 你知道谁是电灯的发明者吗? The light bulb in the kitchen burnt out. 厨房里的电灯泡烧坏了。

Part AText Language Pointsbinbinn. a large container, usually with a lid, for storing things in; a container that you put waste ine.g. There are some apples in the bin. 箱子里有一些苹果 He threw the empty bottles in the bin. 他把空瓶子扔进垃圾箱Part AText Language Pointslocationlocationn. a particular place or positione.g. The corner would make a good location for a gas station. 这个拐角是设立一个加油站的好地点 What is the exact location of the ship? 那条船的确切位置在哪里?Part AText Language Pointsserveservev. to offer (food, drinks, a meal, etc.) for eating or drinkinge.g. What time is breakfast served in this hotel? 这家旅馆何时供应早餐? We’re not allowed to serve alcohol in this club. 本俱乐部恕不售酒。

Part AText Language Pointsutensilutensiln. an object with a particular practical use, especially a tool or a containere.g. In the drawer is a selection of kitchen utensils. 抽屉里有一些厨房用具 My father bought all the utensils for gardening. 我父亲购买了全套园艺用具Part AText Language Pointscompostablecompostablea. capable of being used as compost when it decays e.g. compostable waste 可堆肥的垃圾 Some compostable bags are made of plant-based materials that break down in the composting process. 有些可堆肥袋子是由植物原材料制作而成，这些原材料在堆 肥的过程中可以降解。

Compostable bags are an environmentally-friendly alternative to standard polythene bags. 可堆肥袋子是传统聚乙烯塑料袋的环境友好型替代品 Note: environmentally friendly Part AText Language Pointsdetergentdetergentn. a liquid or powder that helps remove dirt from clothes or dishes, etc. e.g. This detergent will whiten your coat. 这种洗涤剂会使你的衣服变白的 I put too much detergent in the washer. 我在洗衣机里放了太多的洗衣粉 Part AText Language Pointsassumeassumev. to believe something to be true without actually having proof that it is e.g. If he’s not here in five minutes, we’ll assume that he isn’t coming. 要是他再过五分钟还不来，我们就认为他不来了。

Let us assume for a moment that the plan succeeds. 咱们暂时假设计划成功 Part AText Language Pointsparticipateparticipatev. to take part or have a share in an activity or evente.g. Everyone in the class is expected to participate in these discussions. 希望全班同学参加这些讨论 The college students should participate in some social activities. 大学生应该参加一些社会活动 Note: Holding presentations on why going green is so important will remind students to increase their own efforts.Part AText Language PointsNeglecting the environment is ... as Neglecting the environment is ... as large as a college campuslarge as a college campusThe environment shouldn’t be neglected anywhere, especially at places as big as a college campus.Note: Neglecting the environment is not something that should be done anywhere, especially somewhere as large as a college campus.Part AText Language Pointsneglectneglectv. to give too little attention or care to; to fail to do something, especially because of carelessness or forgetfulnesse.g. He has neglected his study. 他忽视了自己的学习。

Dance has been neglected by television. 舞蹈没有引起电视节目的足够注意 Don’t neglect to lock the door/locking the door when you leave. 你走时别忘了锁门 Part AText Language PointsTask 2Task 3Task 4Task 5Task 6Task 7Task 1Part AExercises Task 1 Read the text again and answer the following questions.1.What items are mentioned that can be recycled in the second paragraph?2.What should be done with recycling bins?Paper, newspapers, plastic bottles; technological products such as computers, computer disks, printer cartridges; light bulbs, batteries.Recycling bins should be put in convenient places all over campus.Part AExercises 3.What changes are mentioned that can be made in the cafeteria in the third paragraph?4. What can colleges do to get students involved in going green?5. Why do many students enjoy their efforts to go green? Buying produce from local farmer’s market and serve organic; buying corn-based compostable eating utensils; using environmentally friendly detergents and chemicals to wash dishes.Because they feel that they are helping the environment.Part AExercisesHolding presentations to explain the importance of recycling; holding campus clean-up days.Task 1 Read the text again and answer the following questions.Task 2 Identify the key words or main ideas of the following paragraphs.Paragraph 1:__________,Many colleges and universities are doing what they can to go green.Paragraph 2:_______, Colleges can go green by recycling used things.Paragraph 3:_________, There are many ways for colleges to go green in the cafeteria.Paragraph 4:_________, There are many ways for colleges to get students involved in going green.going greenrecycling cafeteriasupportPart AExercisesTask 3 Fill in the puzzle spaces with the words from Text A according to the explanations given below.Across2. to offer (food, drinks, a meal, etc.) for eating or drinking6. a particular place or position8. a liquid or powder that helps remove dirt from clothes or dishes, etc.9. a single thing among a set or on a list10. the glass part that fits into an electric lamp to give light when it is switched onDown1. to take part or have a share in an activity or event3. to believe something to be true without actually having proof that it is4. a thought, idea, or principle 5. to give too little attention or care to; to fail to do something, especially because of carelessness or forgetfulness7. an object with a particular practical use, especially a tool or container1. participate 2. serve3. assume 4. concept5. neglect 6. location7. utensil 8. detergent9. item 10. bulbPart AExercisesTask 4 Complete the following sentences with the words from Task 3. Change the word forms if necessary.1.I ________ you can speak English fluently.2.Could you fit me up with a new ________ for the headlight of my car? 3.I cannot understand such an abstract ________ . 4.Is your home in a convenient ________ ? 5.The ________ is used for mixing foods. assumebulbconceptlocationutensilPart AExercisesTask 4 Complete the following sentences with the words from Task 3. Change the word forms if necessary.6.Terry can’t __________ in the match because he has hurt his foot. 7.Don’t ________ to water the plants. 8.They will ________ some sweets to the children.9.Let us proceed to the next ________ on the agenda. 10.You’ll never get the grease off the plates if you don’t use ____________. participateneglectserveitemdetergentPart AExercisesTask 5 Complete the sentences using derivatives (派生词派生词) of the words in the box. Change the word forms if necessary.1.The gate isn’t ______ enough to get the car through.2.The _________ in this place is slow; sometimes you have to wait for ten minutes. 3.They want greater ___________ in the decision-making process. 4.The ____________ of accidents on that road has forced the committee to lower the speed limit. 5.The offices are conveniently ________ in the centre of the city. wideserviceparticipationfrequencylocatedPart AExercisesWithout your help, it will be impossible for us to finish the task within ten days..Task 6 Rewrite the following sentences after the models. 1.You cannot take the books away unless you get the special permission from the dean. 2.If you don’t work hard, you can’t get a high score. 3.If you don’t help us, it will be impossible for us to finish the task within ten days.Without special permission from the dean, you cannot take the books away.Without hard work, you can’t get a high score.Part AExercisesTask 6 Rewrite the following sentences after the models.1.This is one of the most important things that we can do on acollege campus to go green. 2.Someone must take care of the children when we go out.. 3.They won’t hold the meeting until next Friday. This is one of the most important things that can be done on a college campus to go green. The children must be taken care of when we go out.The meeting won’t be held until next Friday.Part AExercisesTask 7 Translate the following sentences into English, paying attention to the highlighted parts.这个问题远超过我的能力。

这个问题远超过我的能力 （（far beyondfar beyond））2. 2. 我们每个星期都参加英语角活动我们每个星期都参加英语角活动participate inparticipate in））3. 3. 我不想卷入这件事中去我不想卷入这件事中去 （（get involved inget involved in））4. 4. 我想当然地认为你们彼此认识，因我想当然地认为你们彼此认识，因为你们上过同一所学校为你们上过同一所学校assumeassume））5. 5. 请提醒我明天给我母亲打请提醒我明天给我母亲打 remindremind））1.This problem is far beyond me.2. We participate in the English Corner every week.3. I don’t want to get involved in this business.4. I assume that you know each other, because you went to the same school.5. Please remind me to call my mother tomorrow.Part AExercisesTask 1Task 2Part BLead inTask 1 Listen to the recording, and complete the following passage. Colleges in Washington are trying to help (1)_________ the environment on campus. Campus restaurants are serving locally grown foods, and (2)_______ fruits and vegetables. Pacific Lutheran University’s new math, business, computer science and computer engineering building (3)________ a gold rating from the council earlier this year. Its construction (4)__________ include bamboo flooring, recycled carpet and so on. …protectorganicreceivedmaterialsPart BLead inTask 1 Listen to the recording, and complete the following passage.… Universities are paying more for (5)____________ energy generated by dams and wind farms. Western Washington University and The Evergreen State College were among the first in the state to go 100 percent green. …renewable Part BLead inTask 1 Listen to the recording, and complete the following passage.… Many universities (6)__________ paper, glass and plastic. They’re also encouraging students to (7)_________ unwanted items instead of throwing them in the trash bin. The UW (8)__________ more than 20,000 pounds of clothes, books, cell phones and other (9)_________ materials from students when they moved out of the dorms at the end of the (10)_________ year. The items were given to community organizations. donate Part BLead inrecycle collectedreusableacademicTask 2 Discuss the following questions with your partner about greening the campus. 1.What are the efforts of your university to green the campus?2.What are your own ways of greening the campus?Cues: reduce waste in the students’ canteen, use recyclable paper, water saving and electricity savingCues: plastic bags, grow potted plants, reuse waterPart BLead inTask 2 Discuss the following questions with your partner about greening the campus. 1.What are the efforts of your university to green the campus?2.What are your own ways of greening the campus?The university has made efforts to reduce waste in the students’ canteen. Students are encouraged to use recyclable paper. People also start to save water and electricity.I never use plastic bags. I grow some potted plants in my dorm. After I wash my face, I use the water to flush the toilet.Part BLead inPart BTextGoing Green on Campus: An InspiredStudent Working to Inspire Others After visiting the Bay Area to learn about efforts on campuses there to increase sustainability, Dave Hammill wrote a proposal to create the Student Sustainability Coordinator position for his own college in New York. Teachers at Wagner College approved the position, and Dave filled it. “I just thought that was the coolest thing ever,” he said.Part BText He got other students involved in greening the campus, and their first effort was to educate Wagner students on why they should recycle. They invited an official from the Mayor’s Office to come to the campus and give recycling demonstrations. Part BText They did a study of how much food was getting thrown out in the dining halls and began efforts to reduce waste in dining hall. They also tried to promote a more sustainable lifestyle. They had parties and invited students to come to see their way of green living. Part BText Dave helped to organize a school-funded trip to an organic restaurant in Manhattan, where they talked with one of the managers about the aspects of sustainability at the restaurant. Part BText In order to learn how to grow plants, Dave took lessons in composting. He tried to get students in more contact with the soil and with the earth. They could take back potted plants and learn to grow their own houseplants. Part BText Dave helped put up an Earth Club table at the school club fair. He knew he had made a difference when one of the football players commented on a banana peel that he threw into the trash: “Dave, what are you doing, you can compost that!” He thought to himself, “Wow, we’ve really made an impact on these guys. I was really happy.” Part BText And then in May, he graduated. Since then, he’s been interested in continuing his green activities. He’s starting an organization on the farm in New Jersey that he’s working on, and he’s busy writing up a proposal to go into high schools and talk about sustainability to the kids there. “If you can reach kids in high school before they go to college,” he said, “that’s just another step ahead of the game.” (361 words) 建设绿色校园: 一名优秀的学生鼓励他人环保 戴夫٠哈米尔参观了旧金山湾区的大学，那里的学校为建设可持续性校园作了各种努力。

此后，戴夫便向他自己所在的纽约瓦格纳学院提交了一个提案，建议学校设立一个“学生可持续性发展协调员”的职位他的提案获得了学校的批准，戴夫随后便担任了这一职位这是我做过的最酷的事了，”他说Part BText Translation 他号召更多学生加入到建设绿色校园的活动中来他们首先要做的就是让瓦格纳学院的学生明白为什么要循环利用资源他们邀请了市长办公室的一位官员来学校，向同学们展示如何对资源进行循环利用 Part BText Translation 他们开展了一项关于大学餐厅食物浪费的调查，并试图减少餐厅的浪费他们也提倡更环保的生活方式他们举办晚会，邀请同学来参观他们的绿色生活方式Part BText Translation 戴夫还组织了一次由学校资助的旅行，他们去曼哈顿参观了一家有机餐厅，与餐厅的一名经理讨论了餐厅可持续发展的各种问题Part BText Translation 为了学习如何种植植物，戴夫参加了一些关于如何制作堆肥的课程他想让同学们和土壤、土地有更多接触他们可以把一些盆栽植物带回家种植Part BText Translation 在瓦格纳学院的俱乐部展览会上，戴夫为他们的“地球俱乐部”作了宣传。

有个足球运动员见到戴夫把一块香蕉皮扔进垃圾箱，便对他说：“喂，戴夫,你在干什么呢?你能把它制成堆肥呀！” 戴夫知道，他们的努力已经收到了成效他心想，“我们真的影响了这些家伙，我真开心”Part BText Translation 5月，戴夫毕业了自那以后，他一直在继续做环保他在自己所工作的新泽西州的农场建立了一个环保机构；他正忙着写一个提案，他想去高中为孩子们介绍可持续发展的理念如果这些小孩在高中时就能接触环保理念，”他说，“这等于将环保提前了一大步Part BText Translation inspireinspiren. to give sb. the desire, confidence or enthusiasm to do sth. well.e.g. The actors’ enthusiasm inspired the kids. 演员们的热情鼓舞着孩子们 His speech inspired the crowd. 他的演讲鼓舞了群众Part BText Language Pointsthe Bay Areathe Bay AreaIt is namely the San Francisco Bay Area. It is a metropolitan region that surrounds the San Francisco and San Pablo estuaries in Northern California. The region encompasses metropolitan areas such as San Francisco- Oakland, San Jose, along with smaller urban and rural areas. Overall, the Bay Area consists of nine counties, 101 cities, and 7,000 square miles. The nine counties are Alameda, Contra Costa, Marin, Napa, San Francisco, San Mateo, Santa Clara, Solano, and Sonoma. The Bay Area is home to many well-known cities, such as San Francisco Oakland. Silicon Valley covers several cities in the south Bay Area region, and is home to many of the industry leaders in technology such as Google, Yahoo!, Facebook and Apple.Part BText Language Points proposalproposaln. a formal suggestion or plane.g. His proposal that the system should be changed was rejected. 他提的有关修改制度的建议被拒绝了。

Some citizens put forth a proposal to build a new stadium. 有些市民提出了兴建一个新体育馆的建议Part BText Language Points coordinatorcoordinatorn. the person who is responsible for organizing the different parts of an activity and the people involved in it so that it works welle.g. She is the coordinator of this conference. 她是这次会议的协调人 The campaign needs an effective coordinator. 这场运动需要一个强有力的协调人Part BText Language Points approveapprovev. to officially agree to a plan, proposal, request, etc.e.g. The committee unanimously approved the plan. 委员会一致通过了计划。

My request was approved. 我的请求已被批准Part BText Language Points involveinvolven. to make sb. take part in sth.e.g. We want to involve as many people as possible in the celebrations. 我们希望参加庆典的人数越多越好 She likes to get involved in everything and know all the details. 她事事都爱管，而且喜欢打听个究竟Part BText Language Points demonstrationdemonstrationn. an act of showing or explaining how sth. works or is done. e.g. Would you like me to give you a demonstration? 你要不要我给你示范一下? We were given a brief demonstration of the computer’s functions. 我们看了这种计算机功能的简单演示。

Part BText Language Points promotepromotev. to help sth. to happen or develop; to raise somebody to a higher position or rank. e.g. They launched a campaign to promote awareness of environmental issues. 他们发起了一个提高环保意识的运动 This activity promoted mutual understanding between the two countries. 这次活动增进了两国之间的相互理解 She worked hard and was soon promoted. 她工作很努力, 很快便获得提拔 He was promoted to manager. 他已升为经理Part BText Language Pointssustainablesustainable a. involving the use of natural products and energy in a way that does not harm the environment e.g. We should develop our society into an environmentally sustainable one. 我们应该建设生态环境平衡的社会。

Sustainable design seeks to reduce negative impacts on the environment. 可持续型设计旨在减少对环境的负面影响 Part BText Language Points fundfundv. to provide money for sth., usually sth. official e.g. The museum is privately funded. 这家博物馆由私人提供资金 This is a government-funded programme. 这是一个政府资助项目Part BText Language Pointsorganicorganic restaurantrestaurantIt is a restaurant which provides organic foods. Organic foods are produced according to certain production standards. It means they are grown without the use of conventional pesticides, artificial fertilizers, human waste, or sewage sludge. Organic products were processed without ionizing radiation or food additives. Livestock are reared without the routine use of antibiotics and without the use of growth hormones.Part BText Language Points compostcompostv. to make a fertilizing mixture of decaying plants and some earth e.g. Decaying leaves can be composted. 腐烂的树叶可制成堆肥。

Composting is a technique used to accelerate the natural decay process. 堆肥是一项用来加速自然腐烂过程的技术Part BText Language Points makemake a a differencedifference to have an effect on sb./sth. e.g. I don’t think it will make a difference. 我不认为这有什么两样 Changing schools made a big difference to my life. 转学对我的一生有着重大影响Part BText Language Points make an impact onmake an impact on to have powerful effect on sb./sth. e.g. Her speech made a profound impact on everyone. 她的讲话对每个人都有深远影响。

They make a significant impact on government policies. 他们对政府的政策产生了重大影响Part BText Language Pointsthat’s just another step ahead that’s just another step ahead of the gameof the gameThe kids will learn something about sustainability before they get involved in it in college.Part BText Language PointsTask 1Task 2Part BExercisesTask 1 Choose the best answer for each question according to Text B.1.As the Student Sustainability Coordinator, Dave Hammill got involved in the following activities EXCEPT _______. A. writing a proposal to create the Student Sustainability Coordinator position for his college. B. asking other students to take part in greening the campus. C. helping to organize a school-funded trip to an organic restaurant in Manhattan. D. inviting an official from the Mayor’s Office to give recycling demonstrations.Part BExercisesTask 1 Choose the best answer for each question according to Text B.2. What does “promote” in paragraph 3 mean? A. To help sell a product or service. B. To move somebody to a higher rank or to a senior position. C. To move a sports team from playing with one group of teams to playing with a better group. D. To help something happen or develop.Part BExercisesTask 1 Choose the best answer for each question according to Text B.3. The lessons in composting are about how to _______ . A. manage an organic restaurant B. reduce waste in dining hall C. grow plants D. get in contact with the soil and the earth.Part BExercisesTask 2 Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) according to Text B.1.Dave Hammill graduated from Wagner College.( )2.Dave’s first effort of greening the campus was to educate his schoolmates on why they should recycle.( )3.Dave organized a privately funded trip to an organic restaurant in Manhattan.( )4.Potted plants can be planted as houseplants.( )5.The Earth Club table put up by Dave did not make any impact on his schoolmates.( )Part BExercisesTask 2Task 1Task 3Part C Phonetics Affricate ConsonantsAffricate ConsonantsAffricate Consonants破擦辅音包括 [tʃ] [dʒ] [ tr] [ dr] [ ts ] [ dz ] [tʃ] [dʒ] 舌端齿龈破擦辅音。

舌位：舌尖舌端抬起贴住上齿龈后 部，形成阻碍，气流冲破阻碍摩擦发音冲破阻碍后，舌 和齿龈间仍保持一个狭缝[tʃ]是清辅音，声带不振动； [dʒ]是浊辅音，声带振动合口双元音与集中双元音前 元音包括[i:]，[I]，[e]和[æ]，发音时舌的最高部位移向口 腔前部并稍微拱起Part C Phonetics Affricate ConsonantsAffricate Consonants[tr] [dr] 齿龈后部破擦辅音先做好发[r]的姿势，然后舌尖上翘贴 在上龈齿后部，发出短促的[t]后立即发[r][tr]为清辅音， 声带不振动；[dr]为浊辅音，声带振动[ts] [dz] 舌端齿龈破擦辅音先做好发[t]的姿势（舌端先贴住齿 龈，堵住气流，然后舌端略为下降，气流随之流出口腔而 发音[ts] 为清辅音，声带不振动；[dz] 为浊辅音，声带 振动Part C Phonetics Affricate Consonants1. A. ship B. watchC. chatD. dull2. A. changedB. dogC. JoeD. judge3. A. childB. troubleC. teachD. call4. A. dryB. dieC. July D. try5. A. kitesB. kidsC. saysD. goods6. A. friendsB. hatsC. handsD. lotsTask 1 Listen and circle the word you hear. Part C Phonetics Affricate ConsonantsTask 2 Listen and practice the sentences you hear. 1.He is watching a football match.2.I suggest you change your mind.3.I will introduce you to Mr. Green. He works in a trade company.4.He dreams of becoming a dragon.5.There are two empty seats in the bus.6.Wash your hands. They are so dirty.Part C Phonetics Affricate Consonants Task 3 Read, listen and improve. Seems far too good to be true! The winds, the winds, the winter winds, Have blown the sands to sea; But friends, my friends, those loving friends, Are still kind friends to me. At noon in June when the flowers droop And the roofing sky is blue; When the doves croon through The gloom of the trees, What do we choose to do? Why, to troop to the pool Where the water cool,Part C Phonetics Affricate ConsonantsTask 1Task 2比较结构比较结构Part CGrammar 比较结构比较结构比较结构一、比较结构的介绍原级比较结构 肯定形式：副词as + 形容词或副词的原级+ 连词as 引导的比较状语 从句否定形式：not so/as+ 形容词或副词的原级+ 连词as 引导的比较状 语从句比较级比较结构肯定形式：形容词或副词比较级+ 连词than 引导的比较状语从句否定形式：less + 形容词或副词原级形式+ 连词than 引导的比较状 语从句；not + 形容词或副词比较形式+ 连词than 引导的 比较状语从句；no +形容词或副词比较级形式+ 连词than 引导的比较状语从句 最高级比较结构肯定形式：形容词或副词最高级形式+ 比较范围否定形式：(the) least + 形容词或副词原级形式+ 比较范围；the fewest, the worst (+ 名词)+ 比较范围Part CGrammar 比较结构比较结构二、比较结构常见的错误His house is more comfortable than I.(I 应改为mine) 比较状语从句中比较的对象要对等。

Iris is more beautiful than any girl in the class. (any 应改为any other)比较对象不能重叠This is the least expensive of the two apartments.(least 应改为less). 只有三者或三者以上事物之间进行比较才用最高级，否则用比较级This table is more square thanthat one.(more 应改为more nearly)在none, neither 和either +of +复数名词的结构中，动词应该是单数形式The more you practice writing, the well you will do it. (well 应改better)要表达“越……就越……”时需要用两个比较级I like him more than Bob. (Bob 应改为I like Bob)进行比较时不能因为省略而导致句子出现歧义Part CGrammar 比较结构比较结构二、比较结构常见的错误He is more stranger than unfriendly. (stranger 应改为strange)将同一人或同一事物的两种不同性质进行比较 要用“more+ 原级+than”，表示“与说……不如说……”。

This book is a lot of more Interesting than that one. (a lot of应改为a lot)比较级形式前可以加副词性词组a (little) bit, a little, a great deal, a lot 等Scientific evidence indicates that those with regular exercises will live longer, healthy lives. (healthy 应改为healthier)并列比较结构中，比较级应该对称Ben worked as hard than Bill did. (than 应改为as)两个名词之间进行比较时，可以用as ... as 结构，此时第二个as 不能用to, like, than 等The old printer cost me as much as three times the new one. (as much as three times应改为three times as much as)在说明比较的程度时，程度词应放在合适的位置Part CGrammar 比较结构比较结构Task 1 Choose the correct word to complete each sentence. 1. After they improved the production process, there were only _______ as before. A. one-eighth as many defective products B. as one-eighth many defective products C. as many one-eighth defective products D. defective products as one-eighth many2. Of all the four candidates, he is the _______ likely to win. A. less B. least C. little D. last3. This copying machine is _______ that one in quality. A. inferior B. more inferior C. inferior to D. more inferior toPart CGrammar 比较结构比较结构Task 1 Choose the correct word to complete each sentence. 4. Eric plays tennis better than _______ in his class. A. any student B. every student C. any other student D. all the students5. The salary of a research engineer is higher than _______. A. a quality engineer B. a quality engineer’s C. of a quality engineer D. those of a quality engineer6. There are _______ more people at the concert than I expected. A. most B. more C. much D. lot7. They successfully produced _______ than a finger tip. A. a no bigger camera B. no a bigger camera C. no bigger a camera D. a camera no biggerPart CGrammar 比较结构比较结构Task 1 Choose the correct word to complete each sentence. 8. He is _______ taller than his younger brother. A. a bit B. bit C. little D. a few9. He likes watching videos at home _______ to the cinema. A. than to go B. than going C. more than to go D. more than going10. He speaks English _______ or better than he speaks German. A. as well as B. as well C. as better D. much wellPart CGrammar 比较结构比较结构Task 2 Choose the right Chinese version for the following English sentences.1.This year’s sales volume is three times greater than that of last year. A. 今年的销售额是去年的三倍。

今年的销售额是去年的三倍￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿B. 今年的销售额是去年的四倍今年的销售额是去年的四倍2. The swimming pool is as wide as it is long. A. 这个游泳池的长度和宽度一样这个游泳池的长度和宽度一样B. 这个游泳池又长又宽这个游泳池又长又宽3. Jack was no wiser than Philip. A. 杰克没有菲利普聪明杰克没有菲利普聪明￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿B. 杰克和菲利普都不聪明杰克和菲利普都不聪明4. Opening the windows made it all the colder. A. 打开窗户使所有的人都更冷了打开窗户使所有的人都更冷了B. 打开窗户使气温更低了打开窗户使气温更低了5. I like her more than I like Helen. A. 我爱她胜过爱海伦我爱她胜过爱海伦￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿B. 我爱她胜过海伦我爱她胜过海伦Part CGrammar 比较结构比较结构Task 1Task 2Worries, Concerns and SympathyPart C Functions and NotionsWorries, Concerns and SympathyWhat’s worrying you?How right you are!What are you worried about?I’m a bit worried about ...What we are anxious about is that ...What disturbs/upsets me is that ... The following are some common expressions for worries, concerns and sympathy. Part C Functions and NotionsExpressions for worries and concernsWhat’s wrong with you?I absolutely agree.I’m afraid of/that ...I’m concerned about ...Worries, Concerns and SympathyThe following are some common expressions for worries, concerns and sympathy. Part C Functions and NotionsExpressions for sympathyHard/bad luck.Don’t let it upset you.Don’t take it so much to heart.It could have happened to anybody.Everything will be OK/all right/in order.You needn’t/mustn’t worry. Try not to worry about it.I’m sure things will come out all right.Cheer up, guys.What a shame/pity!You will be OK.How awful/terrible!It could have been worse.Don’t worry too much.I quite understand.Don’t let it get you down.Try and look on the bright side.Part C Functions and NotionsTask 1 Listen to the recordings and fill in the blanks with what you hear.Dialogue 1A: Hello, what do you think of the weather today?B: It is very warm.A: Do you think it is _____________? It was cold this time last year.B: I am afraid we may have a warm winter this year.A: In fact, the globe________________ and it has become a public concern.B: _____________________, too.A: Do you know what causes ______________?B: ________________ may be one of the reasons. Something must be done!a bit strangeis getting warmerI am concerned about itglobal warmingWell, air pollutionPart C Functions and NotionsTask 1 Listen to the recordings and fill in the blanks with what you hear.Dialogue 2A: Did you hear that the price of gas has increased again?B: Yes, the high price may stop some people using private cars.A: Right. We should live a_____________ to protect the earth.B: ___________. Otherwise, our next generation will have no energy to use and no clean air to breathe.A: It is a serious problem. The situation is becoming _______________.B: _____________we have done too much harm to our environment.A: Yes, what we human beings have done has broken the _________________.B: I think we should do something to help.low carbon lifeAbsolutelyworse and worseI’m afraid thatbalance of natureTask 2 Make a conversation according to the following situation, using expressions for worries, concerns and sympathy.Part C Functions and Notions On the way to Teaching Building One, your friend and you meet a visiting student from America who is going to study in your class for one term.A sample has been given for your reference.Task 2 Make a conversation according to the following situation, using expressions for worries, concerns and sympathy.Part C Functions and NotionsSample:A: What are you worrying about?B: What upsets me is that our environment is becoming worse and worse.A: Yes. But what can we do?B: We can start from very little things.A: Right. There are many ways to lead a low-carbon living, such as riding bikes or taking public buses instead of driving cars.B: And we can also plant more trees to make this world greener.A: Modern technology also can create low-carbon life.B: You are right. The Internet can save time, paper, energy and many others. But it also can produce electronic junks.Task 2Task 1Task 3ClassificationPart C WritingEnvelope Writing for General Purposes: Developing Paragraphs by ClassificationBefore doing the exercise, read the guidelines to writing skills in the following box, as this may be of some help to you.Writing Strategy Classification is a method of developing a paragraph by arranging people, objects, or ideas with shared characteristics into particular classes or groups. With this method, we create order out of confusion and provide a clear overview of the information we offer.Part C Writing A classification paragraph usually contains a topic sentence to introduce the subject to be classified and supporting details to clarify the nature of the classification. The topic sentence for a classifying paragraph should indicate the criterion（标准）（标准） of classification and the number of smaller groups into which our topic group is broken. For example, “There are three basic types of materials in any good library.” This topic sentence contains the topic “any good library”, the criterion “basic types”, and the number “three”. The supporting items in a classifying paragraph are parallel（平行的）（平行的）and are presented by listing. Therefore, we make a list of the items and discuss them one by one.Part C WritingWriting for General Purposes: Developing Paragraphs by ClassificationTask 1 Read Text A again and then divide the following items into groups, giving a name to each group.Colleges Go Green on Campusrecycling cups, plates and any other eating utensils newspapersbuying corn-based compostable products printer cartridgesholding campus clean-up days plastic bottlesusing environmentally friendly detergents and chemicals computer disksbuying produce from a local farmer’s market light bulbsserving organic holding presentationscomputers batteriespaperPart C WritingTask 1 Read Text A again and then divide the following items into groups, giving a name to each group.Part C WritingRecyclingIn the cafeteriaActive support of studentspaper; newspapers; plastic bottles; computers; computer disks; printer cartridges; light bulbs; batteriesbuying produce from a local farmer’s market; serving organic; recycling cups, plates and any other eating utensils; buying corn-based compostable products; using environmentally friendly detergents and chemicalsholding presentations; holding campus clean-up daysTask 2 Text A centers on what colleges can do to protect the environment. Now write a paragraph introducing your own experience of protecting the environment. Remember to use classification to show your point of view.Student BStudent A & Student BPart C WritingA sample has been written for your reference.Part C WritingA sample has been written for your reference. How can we ordinary people deal with household waste? Here is a golden 3R method — reduce, reuse and recycle. When it comes to the solution of rubbish, the first thing we have to do is to try to reduce the amount of waste. For instance, people choose to carry baskets or cloth bags instead of plastic bags, which in turn can reduce white pollution. Besides, reuse the materials and make full use of the natural resources. It is suggested that people should avoid using disposable chopsticks in the restaurant, because they will have a bad effect on the environment. Last but not least, recycling is as important as reducing and reusing. We can’t just throw away or bury the waste. Instead, we can recycle the rubbish to produce useful materials, such as glass, paper and metal.Student BStudent A & Student BPart C WritingWords and Phrases Used for ClassificationWriting for Specific Purposes: Envelope Task 3 Read the guidelines to addressing an envelope. Put “/” at the start of each new line in the following addresses and then complete the envelope below.Part C WritingGuideline to Addressing an EnvelopeA sample of EnvelopeExercise 1Exercise 2Part C WritingGuideline to Addressing an EnvelopeA sample of EnvelopePart C WritingPut “/” at the start of each new line in these addresses.Example: John Doe/300 Broadway BLVD/Boston MA 03315Part C Writing1. Zoey Brown 3410 Leadville St Austin TS 987122. Peter Moss Building 2 Hampton Rd Canton OH 342703. IBM UK Ltd 4 Bruce St Belfast BT2 7JAZoey Brown /3410 Leadville St /Austin TS 98712Peter Moss /Building 2 Hampton Rd /Canton OH 34270IBM UK Ltd /4 Bruce St /Belfast BT2 7JAYou’ve written a letter to your American friend Nara. You want her mother Mrs. Rosa Jones to pass the letter to Nara. Address the envelope below. Mrs. Jones’ address is 17 Westwood Drive, Magnolia MA 07121, USA.Part C WritingHuang HaoranBuilding A Xueyuan RdShenzhen 518000Rosa Jonesc/o Nara Jones17 Westwood DriveMagnolia, MA 07121USAI Background “Green campus” is a relatively new concept to us. It not only means creating a green environment on campus, but also refers to that the students should be educated and have an environmental sense in their mind.Promote the Idea of Green Campus II Task You are responsible for launching a “green campus” activity in your college. You hope that some campus environment-friendly measures can be identified and taken by your schoolmates. Common senses of the campus environmental protection will be popularized. Please work in groups and promote the idea of green campus with specially designed proposal or poster.Part C WorkshopIII ProcessStep 1: Form small teams with 5-6 people for each team.Step 2: Design a “green campus” activity logo, such as the follows:Step 3: Contents of the proposal or poster should include: ● A brief introduction to the concept of “green campus”; ● The detailed plans of your “green campus” activity, such as how to carry out the plans, how to evaluate good performers of the activity, etc. ...Promote the Idea of Green CampusPart C Workshop。