2018年(高三) 语法填空解题技巧(给词类).ppt

英语语法填空解题探Grammatical FillingPractice makes perfect. 熟能生巧Emmy Pan,高中英语语法填空题解题策略语法填空这种题型能全面检测学生在英语词汇、语法，甚至是句法上的运用能力，能更科学地反映学生的英语综合水平主要考查的知识点：一是语法，二是上下文的连贯性，而且语法是重点它主要考查考生对高中英语大纲要求的基本语法知识、词汇、习语和较为简单的英语表达方式的掌握和逻辑推理能力等情况从整篇布局来看，它的考点主要集中在以下三点：1 词或者词组（名词、代词、形容词、副词、介词、冠词、数词）2 句子（谓语动词、非谓语动词、连词、关系词）3 语篇（ 过渡词）,(1)给出提示词题型：用括号里所给词的适当形式填空主要提供的是动词、形容词、名词三大类，考生需要根据语境写出正确的词形，一般有6-7个小题包括动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较等级、名词的单复数，以及词类或词义的转换等 (2)纯空格题型：空后没给词，要求考生根据文意、上下文连贯性和行文逻辑，填入一个恰当的词，包括代词、介词、限定词 (冠词、物主代词、指示代词等)、连词、时间及地点副词等。

这类题大约有3-4小题变,填,近4年语法填空题考点分布情况,必考词：谓\非谓；形容词、副词；连词，从句引导词、名词； 常考词：介词、代词、冠词,,变,填,连词 冠词 介词 副词 代词,名词 动词 形容/副词,,,关连词(引导词）：三大从句(定语从句，名词性从句和状语从句）which, that, who, although，what, why, where 等 并列连词： and, but, while, so, neither… nor 等 强调句，倒装句中的连词,the; a+辅音音素； an+元音音素; 抽象名词具体化 success, surprise等,n.前; vi.后; 定语从句介词+关系代词 等,功能性连接副词：however, therefore ,anyhow 等 修饰比较级的副词 even，much 等,不定代词; 反身代词; 物主代词; 主/宾格 等,单复数，名词所有格; 与其它词性的转化,谓语： 时态，语态，情态动词, 虚拟语气等 非谓语：不定式，动名词，现在分词，过去分词,比较级、最高级; adj. adv. 相互转化; adj.修饰 n. ; adv.修饰 adj. / adv. / v.,解题步骤,1、跳读大意2、初填易题3、补填难题4、通读检查,How to deal with Grammatical Filling?,就句子成分来说，涉及到的句子成分有：主语（形式主语），谓语，宾语（形式宾语），宾补，表语，定语，状语，补语，同位语。

考点1：主语 （名词，代词，数词，do-ing，不定式，主从等）Recent ___6____ (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks ___7__ (regular) . (2016年课标全国II)It took years of work __5___ (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water. (2014年课标全国I),studies,to reduce,考点2：谓语 （动词）Fast food ___7__ (be) full of fat and salt; (2017年课标全国I) But at the moment, school __9__ (come) first. (2017年课标全国III) When fat and salt __4__ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. (2017年课标全国I) … until tomorrow __3__ (be) often acceptable . (2016年课标全国II),is,comes,are removed,is,考点3：宾语（名词，代词，do-ing，不定式，宾从等）This trend, … , has had some unintended side __2__ (effect) such as … (2017年课标全国I) … to avoid terrible __1__ (crowd) on the roads (2017年课标全国II) … influenced the __8__ (develop) of chopsticks. (2016年课标全国III) She is determined to carry on with her ___6__ (educate). (2017年课标全国III),effects,crowds,development,education,考点4：表语（名词，代词，形容词，to do，do-ing，done，表从，介短）However, be __9__ (care) not to go to extremes. (2017年课标全国I) … some of them looked very anxious and __3___ (disappoint) . (2014年课标全国II)考点5：宾补They are required __3__ (process) the food that we eat, to recover from (2017年课标全国I) 主补,careful,disappointed,to process,考点6：定语（名词，形容词，to do，doing，done，介短，定从 前置和后置）She is a very __3___ (care) mother. (2016年四川) … and identify those of __1__ (great) and less importance. (2016年课标全国II)A study of travelers __8__ (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. (2015年课标全国I) The adobe dwellings （土胚房）__1___ (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most…. (2015年课标全国II),careful\caring,greater,(which was) conducted,built,考点7：状语（形容词，副词，介短，doing，done，to do，状从）Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal __3___ (create) special designs. (2016全国课标III) Recent ___6____ (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks ___7__ (regular) . (2016年课标全国II)In India, for example, most people traditionally eat __10__ their hands. (2016年课标全国III),to create,gradually,with,考点8：同位语（名，不定代，数词，同从）Set aside the thought __1__ you have to fall asleep. (2015河北百校联盟3月模拟) （以上考点见5年高考，3年模拟P115-116）,that,就句型来说，主要涉及到的句子有5种基本句型：1 This cycle __8__ (go) day after day. （2015年课标II）2 This trend, … , has had some unintended side __2__ (effect) such as … (2017年课标全国I) 3 … some of them looked very anxious and __3___ (disappoint) . (2014年课标全国II),goes,S V 主谓,effects,S V O 主谓宾,disappointed,S V P 主系表,就句型来说，主要涉及到的句子有5种基本句型：4Sarah __3___ (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel, . （2017年课标III）5 They are required __3__ (process) the food that we eat, to recover from (2017年课标全国I) 主补以上考点解释见5年高考3年模拟P117 （其他特别句子后补）,has been told\ was told,S V O O 主谓双宾,to process,S V O C 主谓宾宾补,语法填空题型分两种情况： 一种为已给单词提示，另一种为不给单词提示。

下面就这两种情况进行分析、研究，总结出以下语法填空的解题技巧How to deal with Grammatical Filling?,Part A: How to change? 怎么变？(有提示词),语法填空—给提示词解题技巧,1 动词,谓语动词,非谓语动词,词性转换,,★ 有提示词的解题技巧,分析句子结构 上下文语境,,1 谓语动词（时态、语态、主谓一致）2 非谓语动词 doing: having (been) done + being done, done: to do: to have (been) done + to be done3 词性变化：名词，形容词，副词，形容词或副词的比较级或最高级,,有提示词：1动词,技巧1① ：句中没有谓语，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的词与已存在谓语主语一致，且中间有并列或转折连词时，需填的词则是谓语动词时态考虑要瞻前顾后例1. The first card _______________ (design) by J.C.Horsley as a commercial endeavor.例2. That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, ______ (close) my book and walked away.例3. Nobody knows what ____________________ (happen) if she had refused to pay.,was designed,closed,,,,would have happened,,It was raining lightly when I_______ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. (2015新课标Ⅰ）Yangshuo ____ (be) really beautiful. (2015新课标Ⅰ）Be patient! Tai Chi ________ (call) “shadow boxing” (太极拳） in English.We ___________ (tell) that our rooms had already been reserved for that week, … （2014广东）,。