虚拟语气学习心得.doc

虚拟语气学习心得★简介第一篇：虚拟语气学习心得虚拟语气难点分类总结 首先要确认是非真实的主观愿望后遐想，才是虚拟语气 一、什么情况从句必须用 sb. Should do 的形式 1）should不可以省略的情况：for fear that ,in case that ,lest引导的目的状语 Eg: She examined the door again for fear that a thief should come in. 她又把门检查了一遍，以防盗贼的进入He started out earlier lest he should be late. 他很早就出发了以防迟到2） should可以省略的情况有两种 第一种：表情绪.观点的形容词或名词也要用虚拟语气.如:necessary. important. impossible. natural. strange. surprising. funny. right. wrong. better. a pity等 句型：It is.......that 结构后的主语从句，从句的谓语动词都要用 should+原型 或只用动词原型. Eg： 第二种：1、一想要(desire) 二宁愿(prefer) 三命令(order. command) 四建议(advice. suggest. propose)五要求(demand. require. request. desire.insist)中。

无论主句谓语动词为何种时态，从句的谓语动词都用：“should + 动词原形”或只用“动词原形”如 He suggested that we (should) take the teacher’s advice He insisted that we (should) take the teacher’s advice He demand that we (should) take the teacher’s advice He ordered that we (should) take the teacher’s advice 二、在虚拟语气中，不管什么人称，be动词都要用were的形式 If I were you, I would pay more attention to English idioms and phrases. 三、虚拟语气用在wish 后的宾语从句，一定都是过去式形态 (if only和as if/as though引导的让步状语从句，结构与之相同） a、与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时 eg. I wish I had your brains.(事实：我根本比不上你) b、与过去事实相反，谓语动词过去完成时eg:.I wish I had known the truth of the matter.（事实：原来不知道）c、表示将来难以实现的愿望，谓语动词过去将来时 谓语动词：should/would + 动词原形eg. I wish I should have a chance again.（事实：很难再有这样的机会了）。

四、从句只接的过去时、过去完成时的情况 ①、would rather 从句谓语动词：过去时（对应现在、将来）、过去完成时（对应过去） I’d rather you had seen the film yesterday. 我倒想你昨天看过了这场电影I’d rather you were here now. 我倒想你现在在这儿 We’d rather you went here tomorrow. 我们倒想你明天去那儿②、It is time that 从句：过去时即从句用虚拟过去式 如It is time that I went to pick up my daughter at school. 我该去学校接我的女儿了 It is high time you should go to work. 你早该上班了补充：而It is hignt time that从句：表示：“早该做某事了”，其虚拟语气的结构为：It is high time that + 主语+ should + 动词原形， It is high time you should go to work. 你早该上班了。

含蓄条件句，在多数情况下，条件会暗含在短语中，如without„., but for„.等But for his help, we would be working now. 要不是他的帮助，我们还会在工作呢 Without your instruction, I would not have made such great progress. 要是没有你的指导，我不会取得如此大的进步 五、在whatever，whichever，whenever，whoever, wherever，however, no matter wh-word 等引导的让步状语从句中，从句虚拟语气结构比较特殊 ① may +动词原形(指现在或将来)如： We will finish it on time no matter what / whatever may happen. 不管发生什么事，我们都要按时完成 We will find him wherever / no matter where he may be. 无论他在哪里，我们都要找到他 I will wait for him no matter how late he may come. 不管他来的多么晚，我都会等他。

② may +完成式(指过去) ，主句结构不限如： You mustn’t be proud whatever / no matter what great progress you may have made. 不管你取得了多么大的进步，你也不能骄傲 We must respect him no matter what / whatever mistakes he may have made. 不管他犯过什么错误，我们必须尊敬他六、两种特殊条件句需注意 ①、含蓄条件句，在多数情况下，条件会暗含在短语中，如without„., but for„.等 would +动词原形(指现在或将来)、现在完成式(指过去) Eg： 1）But for his help, we would be working now. 要不是他的帮助，我们还会在工作呢 2)Without your instruction, I would not have made such great progress. 要是没有你的指导，我不会取得如此大的进步 ②、错综条件句1）从句的动作与过去事实相反，而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。

如： If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too. 如果我在学校学习刻苦的话，我现在也会成为一个工程师了2）从句的动作与现在事实相反，而主句的动作与过去事实不符如： If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing. 如果他今天有空的话，我们会已经派他去北京了 本文参考：虚拟语气讲解及练习题 第二篇：虚拟语气详解高中英语虚拟语气讲解一 、概述英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气三类即当一个人说话时欲强调其所说的话是基于自己的主观想法，愿望，假想，猜测，怀疑或建议，而不是根据客观实际，就用虚拟语气在表示假想的虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时用虚拟语气，表示主观愿望或某种强烈情感时，也用虚拟语气虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示二 、条件状语条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句非真实条件句表示的是假设或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气例如：If he doesn't hurry up,he will miss the bus.如果他不快点，他将错过巴士。

真实) If he is free,he will ask me to tell stories.如果他是空闲的，他会要求我讲故事真实）If I were you,I would go at once.如果我是你，我马上就会去我不可能是你非真实，虚拟语气，与现在事实相反）If there were no air,people would die.如果没有空气，人就会死亡不可能没有空气非真实，虚拟语气，与现在事实相反）1、表示与现在事实相反的情况：从句：If+主语+过去时(Be动词用were)主句：主语+ should/would/might/could+do：1．If I were you,I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞事实：我不可能是你）2．If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you.如果我知道他的号码，我就会告诉你事实：不知道）3．If there were no air or water,there would be no living things on the earth.如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。

事实：地球上既有空气也有水)4．If I had any money with me,I could lend you some.如果我带钱了，我就会借给你些事实：没有带钱）2、表示与过去事实相反的情况从句：If+主语+had+done主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have doneeg：1． If I had gotten there earlier,I should/would have met her. 如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她 （事实：去晚了）2．If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了事实：没有听我的话）3．She looked at me as if I had been a stranger.她看我的样子好像我是一个陌生人事实：我并非陌生人）3、表示对将来情况的主观推测从句：①if+主语+were to do （if 表示未来的虚拟语气独有形式，其他如wish， even if等词都没有该形式来表示未来的虚拟语气）②if+主语+should+do③if+主语+过去式（be动词用were）主句：主语+should/would/might/could+doeg：1．If he should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。

事实：来的可能性很小，不可能）2．If there were a heavy snow next Sunday,we would not go skating.如果下周日下大雪，我们就不能去滑冰了事实：下雪可能性很小，不可能）3．If she were to be here next Monday,I would tell her about the matter.如果她下周一来这儿的话，我就会告诉她这件事的始末事实：来的可能性很小，不可能）4、 当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were,should,had时，if可以省略，这时条件从句要用倒装语序，即把were,should,had等词置于句首，这种。