TOEFL-Barron模考听力文本(-Test-1).doc

Teｓt １1. Lｅaｒning　CenterMaｎ: Hｉ. Ａre yoｕ Paula? $ Womａn： Jim? $　Ｍaｎ:　Ｈi． Nice ｔo meet　ｙou. $　Woｍａｎ：　Glad　ｔo meet yｏu． $　Ｍａｎ: Ｓo,　ｙou　need　some ｔutoｒing ｉn Engｌish?　＄　Wｏmaｎ: Yeah.　Ｉ'm taking　Enｇｌｉsh cｏmpｏsitｉon， and　I'm not ｄｏing vｅry weｌl on ｍy ｅｓｓays． ＄ Mａn:　Rigｈt． Um, wｅｌl， fiｒst let's see if we ｃan　fｉgure oｕt a　tｉmｅ tｏ meet　. . ． that ｗｅ＇ｒｅ bｏth fｒｅe.　$ Woman:　Okay．　$　Man: How ａbout　Mondaｙｓ？ Ｍayｂe in the　mornｉng？ I　dｏｎ't have any ｃｌasｓes ｕｎｔil eleｖen oｎ Mondays. $　Wｏｍan: Ｔhat　ｗｏｕld ｗorｋ, bｕｔ I　was　ｈopiｎg ｗｅ coulｄ,　you ｋnow, meｅｔ more　tｈan onｃe　a wｅeｋ. $ Man: Oh.　Well, Ｔuesdaｙs ａre out． Ｉ've　gｏｔ　clａsseｓ and, uh, I woｒk at　tｈe librarｙ pａrt　ｔime ｏｎ Ｔueｓdays and Ｔhｕrsdays. Bｕt I coulｄ get ｔogetｈer on Ｗedｎesdayｓ.　$ Woman: Ｉn ｔhe ｍorning? ＄ Man: Ｐrobablｙ nｉnｅ-thirtｙ would ｂｅ besｔ. Thａt way we'd ｈａｖe aｎ hour to work　befoｒe　I'd haｖe ｔo get　reａdy ｆoｒ my　eleveｎ o'clock. $ Womaｎ: Ｓo　tｈat woulｄ be tｗo ｈｏuｒs a wｅeｋ tｈｅn？ $　Man:　I　coｕld do ｔhat. ＄ Woman:　Oh, but, wｏuld　thaｔ bｅ eｘtｒa? Ｙou kｎow, ｗoｕld Ｉ need to pay　you　for the extrａ session? $ Man: No.　Um, jｕｓt so　you ｍｅet me hｅｒe ａt　the　Learｎｉng Cｅnter, ａnd we ｂoｔh siｇｎ in,　ｔhen Ｉ'll get paｉd. Tｕtｏring is frｅe, to you， I mｅａn．　The schooｌ ｐays me. Bｕt　we botｈ　havｅ to　shｏw uｐ．　If ｙｏu　don't　shｏw ｕｐ and sign ｉn ｆoｒ a ｓesｓiｏn, ｔhen Ｉ dｏn＇t　ｇet ｐaid.　So　． . .　$ Womａn:　Oh, don＇ｔ　worｒy　ａbouｔ　thａt. I reaｌｌy need the hｅｌp． I ｗon'ｔ　ｍｉsｓ ａnｙ ｓｅssions uｎlesｓ　Ｉ＇m　sicｋ oｒ someｔｈinｇ. $　Ｍaｎ: Oｋay then． So　you wａnt mｅ　tｏ　ｈelp yｏｕ ｗｉth yoｕr ｅssayｓ? $ Womaｎ: Ｒiｇht. I couｌd　bring yoｕ　sｏｍe ｔhaｔ have， yｏu ｋnｏｗ， comments on them.　I＇m ｇetｔｉng C's aｎｄ . . . $　Man:　Wｅｌｌ, that'ｓ ｎot ｔoo ｂａｄ．　Ｏnce I ｓｅe soｍe of ｙour wｒiｔing, wｅ should　ｂｅ ａｂlｅ　tｏ puｌｌ ｔhat　up to　a B.　＄ Wｏman: You　tｈiｎk so？ ＄ Man: Sure． Bｕｔ Ｉ need ｔｏ ｅｘplaｉn soｍeｔｈｉｎg. Sｏme　ｏｆ my stuｄｅnts　in thｅ ｐaｓt .　.　. tｈey expected me ｔo wｒiｔe　their essaｙs foｒ ｔheｍ. Bｕt ｔｈａt's　ｎｏt what a tutｏｒ　is suppoｓeｄ　ｔo do. Mｙ ｊｏb ｉｓ to hｅlp ｙou bｅ a　better writｅｒ.　＄ Ｗoｍan： Oh，　Ｉ unｄeｒstaｎd　that. But　you＇ll rｅad ｍy ｅsｓays,　righｔ？　＄　Ｍan： Oh yeah. No problem. Wｅ＇lｌ reａd ｔｈem together， and I'lｌ maｋｅ sｕggestions． $ Woman： Gｒeat．　I thinｋ pａrt oｆ thｅ problem　ｉs I ｊust don't ｕｎｄerｓtand ｔｈe teachｅr＇s coｍmｅnts. ＄ Ｍaybe ｙｏu can　ｈelp　ｍe figure　ｔｈｅm out. ＄ Ｍaｎ： Sure. Wｈo＇s ｔhe teacher？　$　Woman：　Simpｓｏn.　$ Mａn： No ｐroｂlem. I'ｖe　ｔutoｒed a coupｌe of her　studenｔｓ， sｏ　I know ｍｏre oｒ lesｓ wheｒe ｓhe's ｃomｉｎg ｆrｏm． Oｋay， ｔｈｅn. Ｉ　gueｓs ｗｅ'll　meeｔ　here　on　Mｏndaｙ． ＄ Woman: I'ｌl be herｅ. Nｉne-thｉrty　you saｉd.　＄ Man： Juｓt sign in when you　get here.　2． Gｅoｌｏgy ClasｓＰrofessoｒ: $ Okaｙ, todａy ｗｅ’re　ｇｏinｇ to discusｓ the four mａｊｏr types　of　ｄrainaｇe ｐatterｎs. I trust　yｏｕ’ve alreａdy ｒeaｄ the cｈaptｅr so you’lｌ rｅｃall　thａｔ a drａｉnage pａｔtｅｒｎ is ｔhe arrangｅｍent of channeｌs ｔｈaｔ ｃａｒrｙ water　ｉn an ａｒea．　Aｎd tｈesｅ ｐａtterns caｎ be verｙ distiｎctive　since tｈey’rｅ ｄetｅrｍinｅd by　the cｌiｍaｔｅ, thｅ　topogrａｐｈy, aｎd the coｍpｏsiｔioｎ oｆ ｔhe rｏcｋ ｔhaｔ　ｕｎdｅrlies ｔhe ｆormaｔions.　Ｓo,　conseｑｕeｎtly， wｅ can ｓｅe that　a drainａge ｐａttern ｉｓ rｅａlly ａ good viｓual ｓummａry of the　ｃharaｃterisｔics　of a particular regｉoｎ, ｂｏｔh gｅologicaｌly anｄ cｌiｍaｃｔｉcａｌly. In　othｅr ｗordｓ, whｅn ｗe　look　at ｄrainage paｔterns, ｗｅ　caｎ ｄrａｗ cｏncｌｕsｉons ａｂout tｈe sｔｒｕctｕｒal fｏｒmａｔion anｄ　ｒｅlｉef of ｔhe　laｎｄ ａs　welｌ as　the cｌｉmａte．　Ｎow　all dｒainａge　syｓtems　are compｏsed ｏｆ ａn iｎteｒcoｎｎectｅd networｋ of streams, aｎd, when　we　viｅw ｔhem ｔogｅｔher,　ｔｈｅy form ｄistiｎctive pattｅrns.　Although thｅre arｅ at leａsｔ ｓｅｖen　identifiaｂle　kｉｎds ｏｆ　draiｎagｅ ｐａtteｒnｓ,　foｒ　oｕr purpoｓｅs, we’re gｏing to　liｍiｔ our study to　ｔhe ｆｏur ｍajor　typｅｓ．　Proｂａｂly　the　mｏst fａｍiｌiａｒ patｔern　is the dendrｉｔｉｃ ｄrainagｅ　pattern. ＄ Ｔｈis is ａ streaｍ ｔhａt looｋs ｌike tｈｅ braｎches　of a ｔree.　Here’s an exａmple oｆ a　ｄenｄｒｉtｉc　patterｎ. Ａs　yｏu caｎ　ｓｅe,　iｔ’s simｉlaｒ　ｔo ｍanｙ　sｙｓtems in nａｔｕre． In　ａddｉtion ｔo ｔhe　sｔｒucturｅ of a trｅe， it　ａlsｏ reｓeｍbles　tｈe　hｕmａｎ　cｉrcｕｌａtion ｓｙstem. This ｉｓ　ａ vｅry eｆficient ｄrainａｇe　sｙｓｔeｍ becａusｅ tｈe ovｅｒaｌｌ ｌenｇｔh oｆ　ａｎy　ｏne　brａnch ｉｓ fａirly sｈoｒｔ, ａnｄ　theｒe aｒe maｎy brancｈes, so ｔhat allｏws tｈe waｔｅr ｔｏ　floｗ　qｕｉckly　and efficｉently ｆｒom　tｈe souｒｃｅ or sourｃｅｓ. $ Ｏkａy， leｔ’ｓ　look　at　the nexｔ exａmple. $　This ｄｒainａgｅ pattern ｉs referrｅｄ　to aｓ a　ｒadiaｌ　pattｅrn．　Noticｅ how tｈe　streaｍs　flow fｒｏm ａ central poinｔ. Tｈis　is ｕsually a higｈ mounｔain,　or a vｏlcano. It　kind ｏf lｏｏks ｌiｋe thｅ ｓpｏkeｓ ｔhat radiate　out fｒｏm thｅ　huｂ ｏf　a ｗheｅl. Wｈｅn　wｅ seｅ　ａ raｄial　pattｅrn， ｗe kｎow tｈaｔ the arｅa ｈas experiｅnｃed ｕplｉft　aｎｄ tｈａｔ ｔｈe ｄｉreｃtion　of ｔhe　dｒａinaｇe is down the slopeｓ　of a　relａｔively isｏlａted ｃentrａl ｐoｉｎt． $　Gｏｉng　baｃk to ｔhe ｄendritic fｏr ａ moment.　Ｔhe　ｐaｔtｅrｎ is ｄetermiｎeｄ bｙ the dirｅctioｎ oｆ thｅ sloｐe　of thｅ lanｄ， bｕt it, uh, tｈe streams　fｌow　in mｏre or　lesｓ　the sａme diｒｅction,　and .　. .　so it’s ｕnｌikｅ tｈe　radｉaｌ ｔhat　had　multiｐle direｃtionｓ of ｆloｗ　ｆｒom the higｈest point． ＄ Nｏw ｔhｉs ｐattern iｓ very diffｅrent from eithｅr ｔhｅ dｅndrｉｔic or thｅ　ｒadial. $　Thｉs is caｌlｅd a　rectangｕlar pattern。