直接引语变间接引语的方法.docx

直接引语变间接引语的用法She said. "My brother wants to go with me."（直接引语，即直接用“"把说话者所说的话引用）She said her brother wanted to go with her.（间接引语，即通过说话人与听话人之外的人称也就是第三人称转述成一个宾语从句）一、如何变人称:下面有一句顺口溜“一随主、二随宾、第三人称不更新”直接引语中的人称间接引语中的人称备注一人称与主句部分主语一致的代词二人称与主句部分宾语一致的代词三人称不变化、不更新He said to me. "My brother wants to go with me." （ He said.为主句，he 为主句的主语;me 为主句的宾语，"My brother wants to go with me."为直接引语，将要变成间接引语即宾语从句）“一随主”是指在直接引语中有第一人称的人称代词、物主代词或反身代词时，变成间接 引语要变成与主句中主语的人称相应的代词如：He said. "My brother wants to go with me." —He said his brother wanted to go with him. 说明：① my是直接引语中的一人称单数的形容词性物主代词，所以变成间接引语要变成与主 句he said中的主语he相一致的形容词性物主代词，即his;② me是直接引语中的一人称单数的人称代词宾格，所以变成间接引语时要变成与主句 he said中的主语he 一致的人称代词宾格，即him“二随宾”是指直接引语中有第二人称的人称代词、物主代词或反身代词时，变成间接引 语要变成与主句中宾语的人称相应的代词。

如： He says to Kate. "I am your sister ?" —He tells Kate he is her sister说明：①I是直接引语中的一人称单数的人称代词主格，所以变成间接引语时要变成与主句he says to Kate中的主语he相一致的人称代词主格，即he;② your是直接引语中的二人称单数的形容词性物主代词，所以变成间接引语时要变成 与主句he says to Kate中宾语Kate 一致的形容词性物主代词，即her.“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语中的三人称的代词变成间接引语时不需要改变人称 如： Mr. Smith said: "Jack is a good worker"—Mr. Smith said Jack was a good workerJack是三人称，变成间接引语时依然是Jack二、如何变时态：1、 当主句为一般现在时，直接引语变成间接引语的时态不变，依然用直接引语的时态如：Lily says to us, “I will go to America with you "—Lily tells us that she will go to America with us.2、 当主句为一般过去时，直接引语变成间接引语的时态要做相应的调整，用成相应的过去 时态。

如：直接引语的时态间接引语的时态备注一般现在时一般过去时重点学一般将来时过去将来时重点学现在进行时过去进行时重点学现在完成时过去完成时重点学一般过去时过去完成时重点学现在进行时过去进行时必学1) She said. "I have lost a pen." —She said she had lost a pen.2) She said. "We hope so." —She said they hoped so.3) She said. "He will go to see his friend"—She said he would go to see his friend但要注意在以下几种情况下在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化① 直接引语是客观真理The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth" the teacher told me.—The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth② 直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。

如：Jack said. “John, where were you going when I met you in the street?"—Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street o③ 直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变如：Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 20,1980" —Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20,1980④ 直接引语是一般现在时表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变He said, "I get up at six every morning" —He said he gets up at six every morning⑤ 如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式(例：ought to, had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时，(例：could, should, would, might)不再变如：Peter said. "You had better come have today。

" —Peter said I had better go there that day三、 如何变状语：直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规则，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”(例：now 变为then, yesterday变为the day before )地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代词修饰 的状语，由“此”改为“彼”(例：this改为that),如：He said, "These books are mine." —He said those books were his.四、 如何变句型(语序)：① 直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句如：She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes."—She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.② 一般疑问句或反意疑问句变为if (whether)引导的宾语从句She said, "Do you often come here to read newspapers?"—She asked me if (或 whether)I often went there to read newspapers.She asked me, "You have seen the film, haven't you?"—She asked me whether(或 if )I had seen the film."You have finished the homework, haven„t you?" my mother asked.—My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.选择疑问句变为whether・・・.or宾语从句。

I asked him, "Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?"—I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night.③ 直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句(宾 语从句必须用陈述句语序)She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?"—She asked me when they had their dinner.④ 直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为"tell(ask, order, beg 等) sb.(not) to do sth・"句型 如："Don't make any noise," she said to the children.—She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise."Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she.—She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.⑤ 直接引语如果是以“Let„s ”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动句词(或 从句)。

如：He said, “Let's go to the film."—He suggested going to the film. 或 He suggested that they should go to see the film.⑥ 直接引语是感叹句时间接引语为what或how引导，也可以用that引导She said, "What a lovely day it is!"—She said what a lovely day it was .或 She said that it was a lovely day.引述别人的话有两种方式：一是使用引号引出人家的原话，这叫做直接引语；一是用自己的话把人家的话转述出来，这叫做间接引语例如：John said, "I'm going to London with my father."约翰说："我要和父亲到伦敦去"(引号内是直接引语)John said that he was going to London with his father.约翰说，他要和他父亲去伦敦宾语从句是间接引语)［注意］(1)有些表示建议、提议、劝告或要求的祈使句，可以用suggest ,insist等动词加以转述。

例如：He said, "Let's go to the theatre."—He suggested (our )going to the theatre.或 He suggested that we(should) go to the theatre.(2) "Would you mind opening the window?" he asked.—He asked me to open the window."Why don't you take a walk after supper?" he asked .—he advised me to take a walk after supper."Shall we listen to the music?" he asked.—He suggested listening to the music.五、如何变时间状语和地点状语：.一般地应作相应的变化指示代词：this ---that these--- those表示时间的词：。