
高考英语阅读长难句分析修正版.pdf
5页高考英语阅读长难句分析纵观历年高考英语试题,可以发现阅读文章中出现了许多结构复杂 的句子不难理解,命题者在句子难度上大做文章,无非是想通过增加句子长度和使用复杂结构来打断和干扰考生正常的阅读习惯和思维方式,从而达到 考查考生综合阅读能力的目的 下面我们来了解长难句最常见的形式1、带有较多成分的简单句如:Having chosen family television programs and womens magazines, the toothpaste marketer,for instance, must select the exact television programs and stations as well as the specific womens magazines to be used. 例如,决定选择家庭电视节目和妇女杂志后,牙膏经销商还必须挑选出要用的确切的电视节目和电视台,以及那些具体的妇女杂志在这个有 30 多个词的简单句中,_短语用作时间状语,不定式 to be used修饰的不仅是 _,而且还修饰_. exact television同时修饰_ 和 _ 两个词,这在翻译中可以看出来。
插入语_把主语和谓语分隔开了2、含有多个简单句的并列句如:In the 1970s he was a surgeon at Yale,had a wonderful wife and five beautiful children,but he was terribly unhappy. 在 20 世纪 70 年代, 他在耶鲁当外科医生,有位出色的太太和5 个漂亮的孩子, 但他那时过得却很不开心在第二个并列句中,即在had 前面省略了 _ _. Discrimination( 歧视 ) isn t their only concern;almost everyone testing positive for the Huntington s gene(基因 ) develops symptoms(症状 ) during middle age,and doctors can do nothing to help. 担心受到歧视并不是他们唯一的忧虑,几乎所有遗传性亨廷顿病基因检测呈阳性的人在中年时症状都会显现出来,而医生对此却无能为力三个分句均为简单句,分别用分号和and连接其中,第二个句子中的分词短语testing positive for the Huntington s gene是做 everyone 的 _; 3、含有多个从句的复合句。
如:I can t live in fear of the possibility that as the earths population grows and we use more and more of our nonrenewable( 不能再生的 ) resources,our children may have to lead poorer lives. 我不能总是生活在对这种可能性的忧虑中:由于地球上人口的不断增长,由于我们正在消耗掉越来越多的非再生资源,我们的孩子可能不得不过着更加贫穷的生活精品p d f 资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精品学习资料 - - -p d f 精品资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -在 possibility 后由 that 引导的 _从句中还含有一并列结构的时间状语从句:_. However, those of us who are parents of children in this age group know that such offers are relatively rare and that many liberal-arts students(文科生 )graduate with the belief that the prospective(预期的 ) workplace may not have a place for them. 然而,我们这些有这个年龄段孩子的家长们都知道,这样的机会少得可怜;我们也知道,许多文科毕业生认为未来的就业市场没有他们的一席之地。
本句的主语是:_ 谓语 _有两个由that 引导的 _从句,其中第二个省略了know在主句中还有一个_从句修饰主语,在第二个宾语从句中还有一个_从句修饰belief4、含有多个插入成分的句子如:His journey to the e-mail hell began innocently (无知地) enough when, as chairman of Computer Associates International , a software company, he first heard how quickly his employees had accepted their new electronic-mail system. 他在电子邮件的地狱之旅是糊里糊涂开始的作为国际计算机联合公司这家软件公司的董事长,他当时还是第一次听说他的雇员们是多么快地就接受了他们公司的新的电子邮件系统句子的主语是_, 谓语是 _, as chairman of Computer Associates International 是 _的同位语, _ 是 Computer Associates International的同位语,他们将从属连词when 引导的 _状语从句的主语分隔开了, heard 后面是一个_从句;5、并列复合句。
如:I have known changes for the better and changes for the worse ,but I have never questioned the fact that whether I liked it or not ,change was unavoidable. 我经历过好的变化,也经历过坏的变化,但是我从来没有怀疑过这样一个事实,即不管我喜欢与否,变化总是不可避免的在but 后的那个并列的分句中fact 后面跟一个_从句,其中还含有一个_从句They also found that the bus conductor had a major role in preventing vandalism(故意破坏行为),and at the times he went up the stairs to the upper deck to collect fares , vandalism did not often occur. 他们还发现公交车售票员在防止发生故意破坏方面发挥了重要的作用当售票员到双层公交车的上层收费时,破坏行为就不常发生。
在前一个并列分句中谓语_跟一个 _从句,在后一个并列的分句中有一个修饰 times 的_从句,省略了关系词that 或_. 长难句理解突破策略精品p d f 资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精品学习资料 - - -p d f 精品资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -(1) 结构分析法所谓结构分析法,就是通过语法分析,迅速弄清句子的结构,把握住句子的基本框架基本步骤是: 首先, 判断该句是简单句、并列句还是复合句;然后,找出句子的核心成分,分清主语和谓语,再分清句子的附属成分方法一:较复杂单句的处理方法 找主谓语 ,即 找主干成分 如: However, many scientists who specialize in ageing are doubtful about it and say the human body is just not designed to last just about 120 years. 此句的主语为_,主语里面包含了一个由_引导的定语从句。
主句有两个谓语,即_ 和_,say后面又包含了一个_从句 Some companies have made the manufacturing of clean and safe products their main selling point and emphasize it in their advertising. 此 句 的 主 语 为 _, 有 两 个 谓 语 , 即 _ 和 _ ,_ 是宾语补足语At the press of a button, a microcomputer locks all other floors chute(道) doors and sets the recycling container turning until the right box comes under the chute.此句的主语为a microcomputer ,也有两个谓语,即_和_ 方法二:并列复合句的处理方法 找并列连词 The hot sun had caused the dough ( 面团 ) to double in size and fermenting yeast(酵母 ) made the surface shake and sigh as though it was breathing. 本 句 话 中 有 两 个 主 语 , _ 和 _, 分 别 有 自 己 的 谓 语_,_ ,是由 _连接的两个并列句 Miss Germaine s mother looked anxious through the wedding and Mr. Cordell s parents are reported to be less than delighted.本 句 话 中 也 有 两 个 主 语 _ 和 _, 分 别 有 自 己 的 谓 语_,_ ,也是由 and 连接的两个 _. 方法三:主从复合句的处理方法 找从属连词 Whereas a woman s closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage,it wasn t unusual to heara man say he didnt know his friends marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa. whereas引导了一个 _从句,即a womans closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage, 而主句是_ ,其中 it 为_主语,真正的主语为_ 。
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