高中英语语法填空讲解与练习课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,,,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,,*,语法填空,Grammar Filling,,,1,语法填空Grammar Filling1,1,、阅读、理解,语篇,的能力,;,2,、分析,句子结构,的能力,;,3,、熟练运用,语法,,,短语,的能力考查目标,,,2,1、阅读、理解语篇的能力;考查目标2,,语法填空题两类“空”：,纯空格,（,3-4,个）,,给词空,,(6- 7,个）,1.,谓语（时态,—,语态,—,数）,2.,非谓语（,to do---doing—done),3.,词类转换,(,名,—,形,—,副）,冠、代、介、连,、,引导词,考查方式,,,3,语法填空题两类“空”：纯空格给词空1.谓语（时态—语态—数）,解题关键：,1,把握大意；,2,找关键词；,,找出句中主语、谓语、连词,主语、谓语、连词,横线前后词,,既要符合语意，又要合乎语法！,忽略文意，直奔题目！,切忌：,原则：,,,4,解题关键：找出句中主语、谓语、连词主语、谓语、连词横线前后词,给词空考点讲解：,1.,谓语（时态,—,语态,—,数）,2.,非谓语（,to do---doing—done),3.,词类转换,(,名,—,形,—,副）,,,5,给词空考点讲解：1.谓语（时态—语态—数）5,,,,,,,The exam, which was originally to be held in our classroom, ____________ (change) to the library at the last minute.,They didn’t take many chances in their lives. They usually _________ (follow) orders.,I had to leave work to take him to the hospital because he __________ (break) his finger.,was changed,followed,had broken,考点一、谓语动词,,,,,6,The exam, which was originally,,括号内给出动词的原形，做题时首先找出句子的主干，确定主句，如果缺谓语，就,要根据上下文语境和意思确定动词的,数、时态和语态。

如果,空格前是助动词,（,will, shall,等）、,情态动词,（,can, may, must,等）或是,动词加,to,的形式,，则,空格一定是,如果,空格前是,have,的各种形式,，则想到构成 如果,空格前是,be,的各种形式,，则想到用,,动词原形,完成时,进行时态或被动语态,应试策略,,,7,括号内给出动词的原形，做题时首先找出句子的主干,谓语时态和语态的主要考点,,1,、考查在语境中判断动词的时态常考的时态为：,现在,:,一般现在、一般将来、现在进行、现在完成过去,:,一般过去、过去进行、过去将来、过去完成2,、,时间、条件、等状语从句,中动词的时态,(,主将从现,),(if/unless/as soon as/after/before/when,等,);,3,、,时态标志；,4,、,时态一致性,原则；,5,、,上下文语境；,,,8,谓语时态和语态的主要考点8,,,,,reading,考点二、非谓语动词,solved,,,to read,He  sits  in the classroom,  _______   (read) a book.,Will you lend him a magazine ________ (read).,,,With the problem _________(solve), I felt proud of my achievement.,,,,9,reading考点二、非谓语动词solvedto readH,,非谓语动词，包括,V-ing,形式、,V-ed,形式和动词不定式。

做题时确定所给出的词与其所修饰的词或其逻辑主语的关系如果与中心词是主动关系， ；,如果与中心词是被动关系， ；,如果表示将来，,一般用,V-ing,形式,一般用,V-ed,形式,应试策略,一般用动词不定式非谓语在单项选择里考会很难，但在语法填空里考，却成了比较简单的考点如果,“空”所在的句子已经有了谓语动词，而且提示词是动词，那么这时候考察的是非谓语动词形式如果你实在不会非谓语，这儿教你一个很无赖的方法,(,正确率很高,),：“空”后面紧跟,名词,，填,ing,形式，反之填,ed,形式10,非谓语动词，包括V-ing形式、V-ed形式,,,,,,,,useless,tightly,appearance,personal,考点三、词性转换,Most of the people in the town showed pity on him, but it was ________(use).,He hugged the little boy _________ (tight).,The order in which they finished would decide the order of their ____________ (appear) in the Chinese calendar.,4.…, so I’m very careful not to give out my __________(person) information.,,,,11,uselesstightlyappearanceperson,,括号内给出单词的其他形式，通过分析句子结构，,判断句子缺少什么成分（修饰什么词）,，再用正确的单词形式补充完整，该空同时考查同学们的,单词拼写能力,。

应试策略,,,12,括号内给出单词的其他形式，通过分析句子结构，判断句子,,,,cheaper,worst,考点四、形容词或副词,worse,,One of the ________ (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher, Miss Chen.,For a family of four, for example, it is more convenient as well as _______ (cheap) to sit comfortably at home,…,Many other actors are _____ (badly) off than me at present,…,,,13,cheaperworst考点四、形容词或副词worseOne,,括号内给出形容词或副词，要,根据上下文语境,确定用,原级、比较级还是最高级形式,应试策略,形容词,修饰,名词,/,代词,,副词,修饰,动词,/,形容词,/,副词,/,句子,It is/was +,形容词 （,+for/of sb) +to do,,,14,括号内给出形容词或副词，要根据上下文语境确定用,小试牛刀：,1.,【,2015课标全国Ⅰ 61改编,】,It was raining lightly when I _______(arrive) In Yangshuo just before dawn(黎明).,2.,【,2015安徽 24改编,】,Just as I got to the school gate ,I realized I _______ (leave) my book in the restaurant.,3,.,【,2014江西 22改编,】,Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with _________(patient).,4,.,【,2013天津,3,改编,】,I think watching T,V,every evening is a waste of time—there are _________________(meaningful) things to do.,,5,.,【,2014天津 8改编,】,After the event(活动） the ______(piano) were donated to local school and community groups.,,6The woman look around the shop,,_________,(keep) a eye on her baby.,,arrived,had left,patience,more,,meaningful,pianos,keeping,,,,15,小试牛刀：1. 【2015课标全国Ⅰ 61改编 】It wa,纯空格类考点讲解：,1.,冠词,2.,代词,3.,介词,4.,,连词或副词,5.,,引导词,,,16,纯空格类考点讲解：1.冠词16,,,,,the,an,a,考点五、冠词,He lied to the teacher with______ same reason.,You can now make _______ educated decision about what career to pursue.,The author of the study suggested that encouraging more books reading might be ____ useful way to prevent childhood accidents.,,,17,the ana考点五、冠词He lied to the te,,如果空格后是,单数可数名词,，就应该考虑,空格处,是否需要填,不定冠词,(a, an),。

如果空格后是序数词、最高级或提及上文提到过的人或物等时，就应该考虑,空格处,是否需要填,定冠词,(the),应试策略,,,18,如果空格后是单数可数名词，就应该考虑空格处是否需要填不,2024/8/31,,19,2023/9/619,,,,Firstly, we must understand the language when we hear ______ spoken.,,2.The little boy pulled,_______,right hand out of the pocket and studied a number of coins in it.,3.I patiently walked to the library, took my seat and did some deep breathing to help relax _________.,it,myself,his,考点六、代词,,,20,Firstly, we must understand th,,首先找出代词所指代的名词，根据其在句中所充当的成分确定用哪个代词如果,空格后是,名词,，就应该考虑,空格处,是否用,物主代词,(my, your, his,等,),、,指示代词,(this, that,等,),、,不定代词,(few, little, many, much, all, each, every, both, neither, other,等,),、,名词所有格或形容词,等进行修饰。

如果,空格前是,动词,,,就应考虑用人称代词和反身代词应试策略,,,21,首先找出代词所指代的名词，根据其在句中所充当的成分,,,,Television is now playing a very important role ______ our life.,…more than nine thousand young Americans, dissatisfied with their training at home, went to Germany ______advanced study.,It was in this very room that I gave birth ______ Linda seventeen years ago.,,for,to,in,考点七、介词,,,22,Television is now playing a ve,介词可位于,名词之前,如,at night, on Sunday,等；,也可位于,形容词之后,，如,be interested in, be good at,等；,还可位于,不及物动词之后,，如,listen to, arrive at, look for,等。

应试策略,掌握一些常用介词的用法、含义和固定搭配；,,,23,介词可位于名词之前如at night, on Sunday,If a family has many children, the middle one sometimes gets lost in the crowd.,,The youngest child, _________, often gets special treatment.,As the ox came ashore, the rat jumped off and finished the race first. ___________ the rat got the first year named after him and the ox got the second year.,… I asked my classmates about her interest,______,then I made my final decision.,however,and,So/Thus,考点八、连词或副词,,,24,If a family has many children,,,空格前后两个句子都含有主谓结构时，则要根据上下文的逻辑关系，选择适当的副词或连词。

表示递进：,so, for, therefore, thus,等；,further, furthermore, moreover, in addition,等；,,but, nevertheless, however, yet, while, although, though,,等表示转折：,表示因果：,,表示并列：,and , or,等；,应试策略,,,25,空格前后两个句子都含有主谓结构时，则要根据上下文的逻,,,,that,who,that,考点九、引导词,,One day, he came up with an idea ________ he would help me with my project.,Some people say that oldest children, _____ are smart and strong-willed, are very likely to succeed.,So careless was I _________ I had forgotten all about that.,,,26,thatwhothat考点九、引导词One day, he,,空格前后都是一个句子,,,做题时应该从句子的意义去判断,是属于什么类型的复合句（定语从句、名词性从句或者状语从句）,，,再确定填什么引导词。

应试策略,,,27,空格前后都是一个句子,做题时应该从句子的意义去判断是,如何判断从句类型？,空格前是,名词,,空格前是,及物动词,,空格前是,系动词,,,空格在句首,,,定语从句,同位语语从句,,主语从句,状语从句,所填词在后面句子中充当成分,不充当成分,所填词在后面句子中充当主宾表,所填词在后面句子中充当各类状语,宾语从句,表语从句,判断状语从句类型时还可以根据前后句句子之间的意思及逻辑关系来判断是什么状语从句,,,28,如何判断从句类型？空格前是名词定语从句同位语语从句主语从句状,小试牛刀：,1.,【,2014山东4改编,】,Susan made ___clear,to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.,2,.,【,2014北京23改编,】,Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves ____ half an hour.,3,.,【,2015重庆14改编,】,He wrote many children’s books, nearly half of ______were published in the 1990s.,4.,【,2014安徽22改编,】,The exact year ___________Kate and her family spent together in China was in 2008.,5.,Hurry up,,____,you’ll miss the early bus.,it,which,that/which,in,or,,,29,小试牛刀：1.【2014山东4改编】Susan made _,一步来把全文看，把握主旨逻辑线；,二步开始做答案，容易做的先做完；,难题放在第三步，上下文里找答案；,四步复读很关键，保证全文意连贯。

解题四步口诀：,,,30,一步来把全文看，把握主旨逻辑线；解题四步口诀：30,Practice makes perfect.,,,31,Practice makes perfect.31,Yangshuo, China,It was raining lightly when I__61__(,arrive,) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn’t care. A few hours__62__, I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with __63_(,it,) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.,I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River_64__are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _65__(,painting,). Instead, I ‘d head straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away__66_ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.,Yangshuo__67__(,be,) really beautiful. A study of travelers_68__(,conduct,) by the website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it___(,regular,) arranges quick getaways here for people_70__(,live,) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.,【,2015课标全国Ⅰ,】,,,32,Yangshuo, China【2015课标全国Ⅰ】32,Yangshuo, China,It was raining lightly when I__61__(,arrive,) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn’t care. A few hours__62__ , I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with __63_(,it,) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.,,arrived,earlier/before,its,,,33,Yangshuo, Chinaarrivedearlier/,I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain(,石灰岩山,),tops and dark waters of the Li River_64__are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _65__(,painting,). Instead, I ‘d head straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away__66_ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.,,,that/which,paintings,by,,,34,I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a d,Yangshuo__67__(,be,) really beautiful. A study of travelers _68__ (,conduct,) by the website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it___ (,regular,) arranges quick getaways here for people_70__ (,live,) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.,,is,conducted,,regularly,,living,,,35,Yangshuo__67__(be) really beau,The adobe dwellings (,土坯房,) 61,（,build,）,by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even,62,most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their,63,(able) to “air condition” a house without,64,( use) electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat,65,( slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough,66,(cool) the house during the hot day;,67,the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle,68,(go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(,抵消,) for the outside temperatures. As,69,(nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly,70,thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.,Homework,【,2015课标全国Ⅰ Ⅰ,,】,built,the,,ability,using,slowly,to cool,at,goes,natural,how,,,36,The adobe dwellings (土坯房) 61,2024/8/31,,37,2023/9/637,。