宾语从句讲练.doc

1. 宾语从句的概念 宾语是句子的重要成分之一，在多数情况下，是由名词性的词类充当的如果宾语部分是由一个句子充当的话，则被称为宾语从句我们以前学过的间接引语实质上就是宾语从句如：Mary said that she was going to visit Hong Kong.（that引导的宾语从句） 宾语从句三件事，时态语序连接词； 主从时态要一致，陈述语序才合适； 一般问句做从句，连接词if别忘记；特殊问句做宾从，特殊问词莫漏掉2. 宾语从句的三要素——时态、语序、连接词 （1）时态：主句和从句的时态必须保持一致即主句为一般现在时，从句可根据需要选择各种时态；如果主句是一般过去时，从句只能用过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等） e.g. We’re sorry to hear that your mother is ill.（主句是一般现在时，从句一般现在时） 听说你母亲病了，我们很难过 e.g. Mr. Black didn’t know why Jenny was late again.（主句是一般过去时，从句一般过去时）。

布莱克先生不清楚为什么珍妮又迟到了 （2）语序：不管什么类型的宾语从句，总是用陈述句语序即：从句的连接词后是主语、谓语、宾语的语序当连接词做主语时，后面直接跟谓语和宾语 e.g. I shall write to you what I want to say.（连接词+主谓陈述语序，what不是疑问词） 我会写给你我想说的话 e.g. She asked who is the boss of this store.（连接词做主语+系表结构）（3）连接词：宾语从句是陈述句时，连接词用that；宾语从句是一般疑问句时，连接词用if或whether；宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，连接词直接用特殊疑问词做引导词，后面变为陈述语序，如who, what, why, where, whose等具体类型，在下文详细讲述3. 宾语从句的类型 （1）由that引导的宾语从句，从句为陈述句，注意时态要保持一致 （2）由if, whether引导的宾语从句，要注意时态的一致以及陈述语序If, whether的意思是“是否”，用来引导一般疑问句变成的宾语从句 e. g. I want to know whether（if）you can repair the recorder or not. 不知道你是否能修理录音机？ （3）由who, what, how, which, whose, where, when, why等引导的宾语从句，特殊疑问词作为引导词，没有疑问的作用，但本身的意思不变。

要注意时态的一致和陈述语序 e. g. The reporter will tell us what he saw and heard in Japan. 这个记者要给我们讲讲他在日本的见闻 e. g. Do you know where the Great Pyramid is? 你知道大金字塔在什么地方吗？ 在这一单元中，我们重点练习where引导的宾语从句Where后面的从句一定要用陈述语序 e. g. Do you know where I can get a dictionary? 你知道我在哪里能买到字典？ e. g. Can you please tell me where I can get some magazines? 你能告诉我在哪儿能买到一些杂志？宾语从句 练习题 一．单项选择 1 The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them. A. took B. take C. takes D. will take 2 Catherine said that she ___ to Guangzhou. A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been 3 The students want to know whether they___ dictation today. A. had B. has . C. will have D. are 4 She asked Linda if___ go and get some. A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may 5 Linda said the moon___ round the earth. A. travelled B. has travelled C. travells D. had travelled 6. Can you tell me___ you were born, Betty? A. who B. what C. when D. that 7 I don't know ___ they have passed the exam. A. what B. if C. when D. where 8 I hardly understand.___ he has told me. A. that B. what C. which D. who 9. She didn't know___ back soon. A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be D. if he will come 10.I don't know _____ he still lives here after so many years. A. whether B where C. what D.when 11. Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening? A. what B when C why D how 12.He asked me _____told me the accident. A whom B which C who D whose 13.They don't know _______their parents are. A that B what C why D which 14.Please tell me ______what last year. A.where does your sister work B. where did your sister work C where your sister works D. where your sister worked 15.She asked me if I knew ______ A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it 16. You must remember ________. A. what your mother said B. what did your mother say C. your mother said what D. what has your mother said 17. Did you know ____? A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking for C. who he is looking for D. who he is looking after 18. Could you tell me ___? A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave Beijing C. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing 19. Could you tell me________? A .where do you live B. who you are waiting for C. who were you waiting for D. where you live in 20.I want to know how long A.has he been back B．has he come back C.he has been back D．he has come back 21.Do you know ? A．what the news are B．what is the news C．what the news is D．what are the news 22.I don't know ________ up so early last Sunday. A. why did he get B.why he gets C.why does he get D. why he got 23..He said _________ there was going to be a meeting that evening. A.what B. if C.that D. how 二.句型转换。

1).How does he get on with his new classmates? Could you tell me? (改为含有宾语从句的复合句) Could you tell me how ______ _____ on with his new classmates? 2).What is he doing there? Mother didn't know. (改为含有宾语从句的复合句 Mother didn't know what _______ ______doing there. 3).You'd better ask your mother whether is it cheap enough before you try it on.(改错) 4)What's his name? I asked him.（改为含有宾语从句的复合句） I asked him what _______ _______ _______. 5)Why didn't he look happy? Could you tell me?(改为含有宾语从句的复合句) Could you tell me why _______ ______ look happy? 6)Does he still live in that street? I don't know(改为含有宾语从句的复合句) I don't know ______ he still _______ in that street. 7)Whose children is the old woman looking after?Did you find out? （改为含有宾语从句的复合句） 。