英语人教版八年级下册动词不定式.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,动词不定式,动词不定式是一种,非谓语动词形式,，其结构为“,to,动词原形”，其中,to,不是介词,，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作,主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语,等本单元主要学习其作,宾语，状语，宾补,的用法一,),动词不定式,一,.,作宾语,动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：,begin,want,remember,agree,learn,like,decide,fail,pretend,（假装，佯装）,refuse,，,volunteer,，,hope,，,plan,，,forget,等例：,I want,to tell,you a story.,They begin,to work,at eight every morning.,Dont forget,to lock,the door.,Would you like,to go,and have a picnic with us tomorrow?,其结构是：,_,V+to do sth,二,.,作宾语补足语。

例如：,The teacher asked,us,to read English for half an hour in the morning.,The teacher often tells,Jim,not to spend too much time playing computer games.,动词不定式作宾语补足语，表示宾语所做的动作，可以用动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：,tell,ask,want,would like,，,invite,encourage,help,，,expect,，,show,，,teach,等其结构是：,_,V+sb+to do sth,但在,let,make,see,watch,hear,feel,notice,have,等感官听觉动词或使役动词,后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式一般要省略动词不定式符号“,to”,Let/make/have+sb.+do sth.,Let the boy,go out,now.,The boy made the baby,cry,.,see/watch/hear/notice/feel+sb.+do sth.,I saw the students,play,basketball on the playground yesterday.,I often hear the girl,sing,in the next room.,其结构是：,_,V+sb+do sth,可省可不省的：,help sb.,（,to,）,do sth,.,I often help my mother,（,to,）,do housework.,否定形式：,（,1,）动词不定式的否定式是直接在,to,之前加,not.,例：,Tell them,not,to play football in the street.,（,2,）省,to,的动词不定式的否定式是直接在动词前面加,not.,例：,Let the boy,not,go.,三,.,作状语,:,（,1,）作目的状语。

如：,He stopped,to have a rest,.,强调动词不定式所表示的目的时，动词不定式可用,in order to,或,so as to+,动词原形，,so as to,不用于句首如：,The bus stopped,so as to,pick up passengers.,（,2,）作结果状语如：,He woke up,only to find everybody gone,.,His grandma lived,to see the liberation of China,.,He is old enough,to go to school.,（,3,）在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词后作原因状语如,:,Im proud,to have taken part in the competitions,.,e.g.,Im happy to have found many things I can do.,1.,动词,+,介词,look at,看,look like,看上去像,look after,照料,listen to,听,welcome to,欢迎到,say hello to,向,问好,speak to,对,说,此类短语相当于及物动词，其后必须带宾语，但,宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。

e.g.He is looking after his sister.,She always takes care of these children.,2.,动词,+,副词,“动词,+,副词”所构成的短语义分为两类：,A,动词（,vt.,）,+,副词,put on,穿上,take off,脱下,write down,记下,此类短语可以带宾语，宾语若是名词，放在副词,前后皆可；宾语若是人称代词，只能放在副词,的前面e.g.He took off his coat.,B,动词（,vi,）,+,副词,come on,赶快,get up,起床,go home,回家,come in,进来,sit down,坐下,stand up,起立,此类短语属于不及物动词,不可以带宾语e.g.Come on!The bus is coming!,close the door,look the same,go to work/class,be ill,have a look/seat,have supper,look young,go shopping,watch TV/games,play games,3,、其它类动词词组,1.,由,put,引导的短语,put away,put on,put up,put off,put into,put down,put out,常用短语及用法,把,放好,穿上，把,放在,上,举起，表现出，张贴,推迟，拖延,把,放入，把,翻译成,记下，放下,放出，伸出,2.,由,give,引导的短语,give up,give in,give out,give away,give back,give off,放弃,屈服，让步,分发，散发；用尽，耗尽,捐赠，赠送；分发,归还，恢复,发出，放出,3.,由,call,引导的短语,call on,call up,call in,call at,call for,访问（某人）；号召；要求,打给,；使人想起,找来，请来,访问,(,某处,),；,(,车，船等,),停靠,(,某处,),需要，要求,.,由,take,引导的短语,take back,take after,take away,take down,take up,take over,take off,拿回；使疑惑,像,拿走，减去,写下，记下；拆卸,占据空间,接过,；接管,脱下；飞机起飞,5.,由,look,引导的短语,look after,look for,look at,look into,look through,look out,look out of,look up,look like,照顾，照料,寻找，找,看,调查；向,里看,浏览，快速地看,小心,向,外看,查找，查询；向,上看,看起来像,6.,由,show,引导的短语,show up,show off,show around,出现，露面,炫耀，卖弄,带,参观,7.,由,turn,引导的短语,turn up,turn on,turn off,turn down,turn to,turn over,turn in,turn out,把,(,音量,),开大；出现，到达,打开,关掉,(,煤气、水、电等,),把,(,音量,),关小；拒绝,向,求助；转向,翻转，翻身,归还，就寝,结果是,，证明是,；生产,1.I want to_ my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer.Im too busy with my studies this year.,2.She hopes to_ at least five primary schools to ask if they need volunteers for their after-school programs.,4a Fill in the blanks with phrasal verbs in the box.,put up hand out call up cheer up,come up with give out put off,put off,call up,3.Our class is trying to_ some ideas to_ sick children because they are often sad.,4.We decided to _signs around the school and_ notices to tell students about the book sale.We will_ the money from the sale to homeless people.,come up with,cheer up,put up,hand out,give out,4b Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.,help move do make visit spend,Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs _ lots of money.,In their free time,they think about what,_ for fun.However,few people think about what they can do_ others.There are many people,to do,to help,to make,who are less lucky than us.Volunteering our time to help these people is a good way _ our free time.For example,we can make plans_ sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people.Some people even stop doing their jobs for a few months to a year_ to another,place,，,like one of the countries in Africa,and help people there,to spend,to visit,to move,4c Complete the sentences with your own ideas.,Use infinitives.,Id like to volunteer_,_,2.At 12:00 a.m.,I called my friend_,_.,3.Im very busy but I could help_,_,4.Summer vacation is coming,and I want_,_,5.I want to travel alone.My parents told me,(not)_.,Pair work,at the 。