高中英语详细讲解定语从句课件新人教版必修1.ppt

定语从句定语从句)先来看几个相关术语先来看几个相关术语1.定语定语2.定语从句定语从句3.先行词先行词4.关系词关系词1.定语：定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用汉语中常用‘……的的’表示 a clever boy The boiling waterFallen leavesThe man who you are looking for2.定语从句定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句修饰某一名词或代词的从句Do you know the man who came to see Xiao Yang this morning? 3.先行词先行词：：4.关系词：关系词：关系代词关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose, as关系副词关系副词where, when, why等关系词常有关系词常有3个作用：个作用：1，引导定语从句引导定语从句2，代替先行词代替先行词3，在定语从句中担当一个成分在定语从句中担当一个成分。

被修饰的名词或代词叫被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词先行词；；引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词关系词有关系代词和关系副词找出定语从句，先行词，关系词及其在从句中充当的成分1.She is the old woman whom I saw this morning.2. Mary is the girl whose parents work in Japan.3. Is this the key which you are looking for?4.October 1, 1949 is the day when New China was founded.5.This is the house where the great man was born.6. I don’t know the reason why she looks unhappy today.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.限定性定语从句限定性定语从句：对先行词起到修饰限制的作：对先行词起到修饰限制的作用，使该词的含义更具体，更明确。

这类从句不用，使该词的含义更具体，更明确这类从句不能省掉，否则句子的意义就不完整能省掉，否则句子的意义就不完整6.非限定性定语从句：非限定性定语从句：同主句的关系不十分密切，同主句的关系不十分密切，只是对先行词作附加或补充的说明，不起限制的作只是对先行词作附加或补充的说明，不起限制的作用，如果省去，主句的意思仍然清楚完整这类定用，如果省去，主句的意思仍然清楚完整这类定语从句在书写时大多用逗号与主句分开语从句在书写时大多用逗号与主句分开Last week I met John, who seemed to be very excited.I was the only person in my office who was invited. A. that 指人指人/物，作主语或宾语物，作主语或宾语1. A plane is a machine . It can fly .A plane is a machine that can fly.2. He is the man . I told you about him .He is the man that I told you about.关系代词关系代词: : B. which 指物，作主语或宾语指物，作主语或宾语 These are the trees which were planted last year.This recorder which he is using is made in Japan. These are some trees. They were planted last year.关系代词关系代词: : This recorder is made in Japan. He is using it.关系代词关系代词: : C. who指人指人,作主语或宾语。

作主语或宾语The man is our teacher.I talked with him.Wang Lin is our monitor. She is 16 years old.D. whom指人指人, ,作宾语 The man whom / who I nodded to is Mr. Li.The man to whom /who I nodded is Mr. Li.The man who I talked with him is our teacher.＼＼Wang Lin who is 16 years old is our monitor. The man is Mr. Li. I nodded to him.whose 在定语从句中作在定语从句中作定语，定语，表示引导词表示引导词与与 whose 后的名词为所属关系后的名词为所属关系 whose多指人，也可指物，指物时可与多指人，也可指物，指物时可与 of which互换使用互换使用This is the book .Its cover is blue.This is the book .Its cover is blue.This is the girl. Her parents are doctors.This is the girl whose parents are doctors.This is the book whose/of which the cover is blue.三、关系代词（who, whom, which, that, whose）的指代关系指人指人指物指物主语主语(宾语宾语)定语定语WhoWhomWhichthatwhose★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★Eg:1.He is such a man ______ never tells a lie. 2. He is the model worker __________we should learn from. 3. A dictionary is a book_______ often helps us to know the meanings of the words. 4. This is the film _________I like best. 5. The boy _________father is a professor is one of my best friends. 6. The house ________roof was blown away by the storm will be rebuilt soon.who(whom/who) which/that(that/which)whosewhose(which/ that)who/ thatwhosewhich/ that7.I have a friend ___________ likes listening to the classical music.8.Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress _____________ I gave her.9.The man ______ leg broke in a match used to be a good football player.10.Kate is reading a book ____________ is too difficult for her.只用只用that，不用，不用which1.先行词被先行词被all, very, any, much, little, few, no等修饰等修饰时时2.序数词序数词或形容词或形容词最高级最高级修饰先行词时；修饰先行词时；3. 先行词前有先行词前有the only, the very, the same, the right等修饰等修饰时；时；4.all, little, much, few, none, everything, nothing, something, anything 等等不定代词不定代词作先行词；作先行词；5.先行词既有人也有物先行词既有人也有物6.主句以主句以which, who, what开头的疑问句开头的疑问句只用只用which，不用，不用that有机器的房间是车间。

有机器的房间是车间The room __________ there is a machine is a workshop.The room __________ there is a machine in is a workshop.in which(which/ that)一、非限制性定语从句一、非限制性定语从句二、用在介词后二、用在介词后I have lost the pen, _____ I like very much.which关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词引导的定语从句1.When 表示时间，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词表示时间，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词（如（如time, day,hour,year等）等）From the time when he was little, he had known what he wanted to be when he grew up.2.Where 表示地点，其先行词往往是表示地点的表示地点，其先行词往往是表示地点的名词（如名词（如place, room, house,street, area等）等）This is the place where my mother was born.3.Why 表示原因，常用在先行词表示原因，常用在先行词reason的后面。

的后面I don’t know the reason why she looks unhappy today.比较：比较：1.I still remember the day ____ I first came to Beijing. 先行词先行词 “the day” 在从句中做状语在从句中做状语, 表示时间表示时间: I first came to Beijing on the day. (所以用关系副词所以用关系副词when) I still remember the day ( _________ ) we spend together. 先行词先行词 “ the day” 在从句中做在从句中做spend宾语：宾语： We spend the day together. （（所以在该句中用关系所以在该句中用关系代词代词which/that，，并且可省略并且可省略2. This is the place _____ we worked last year. 先行词 “the place”在从句中做状语，表示地点： We worked in the place last year. ( 所以用关系副词where。

) 比较比较：：This is the place (_________) we visited last year. 先行词 “the place”在从句中做visited的宾语： We visited the place last year.( 所以用关系代词which/that,并且可省略)u 先行词在从句中做状语，用先行词在从句中做状语，用 先行词在从句中做宾语或主语，用先行词在从句中做宾语或主语，用关系副词；关系副词；关系代词；关系代词；选择适当的关系词完成句子选择适当的关系词完成句子1.October 1,1949 was the day ________the People’s Republic of China was founded.2.October 1, 1949 was the day___________ he will never forget. (that/which)when3.This is the house ________I was born.where4.This is the house________ windows are very clean.5.This is the house ___________I love very much.6.This is the house _________is very beautiful.whose (that/which) that/which7.This is the reason __________he was late.why8.This is the reason ___________ he gave us. (that/which)关系副词都等于一个适当的关系副词都等于一个适当的 介词＋介词＋which，，在从句中作状语在从句中作状语When=in/at/on/…+which;Where=in/at/on/…+which;Why=for /…+which 1.Do you still remember the day when(____ which) we went to visit the museum together? 2.This is the factory where(___ which)my father once worked. 3.This is the reason why(____ which) he was late.oninfor1. ①① I still remember the days _____ I worked with the farmers. ②② I still remember the days _____ I spent with the farmers. A. which B. on which C. when D. what2. ①① We were on the way _____ it began to rain. ②② I don’t like the way _____ you speak to your parents. A. when B. that C. how D. which CAABin which/ ○1.I’ll never forget the days _____________ we worked together.2.I’ll never forget the days __________ we spent together.3.I went to the place ______________ I worked ten years ago.4.I went to the place __________ I visited ten years ago.5.This is the reason _____________ he was late.6.This is the reason __________ he gave.when/ in which(that/which)where /in which(which/ that)why /for whichthat/ which及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词1. This is the town _____ I was born. This is the town _____ _____I visited last week.2. I will never forget the day ____ I came to school. I will never forget the day __________ I spent with you.3. This is the reason __________ he was late. This is the reason _________ he told me. where(Whic/that)when(Which/that)Why/for which(That/which)二二.非限制性定语从非限制性定语从句应注意以下几点：句应注意以下几点：1、、 非限制性定语从句通常不非限制性定语从句通常不能用能用that引导。

引导如：如： 1). I like the book, which was bought yesterday. 我喜欢这本书，这是昨天买的我喜欢这本书，这是昨天买的 2.) I like the book which / that was bought yesterday. 我喜欢昨天买的那本书我喜欢昨天买的那本书 2.在非限制性定语从句中，指人的关系代词作宾语时，只能用宾格whom; 不能用who替换，也不能省lDo you know Tom, whom we talked about?lDo you know Tom (who/ whom) we talked about?4.Which可指前面整个句子lThe sun sends out light and heat, which makes it possible for living things to exist on the earth.His father is an engineer, ____ makes him very proud. 　　　Ａ．　　　Ａ．for what 　　　Ｂ　　　Ｂ. which 　　　　　　　Ｃ　　　Ｃ. that 　　　　　　Ｄ　　　　　　Ｄ. whatB“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”型定语从句考型定语从句考点点关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由““介词介词+ +关系代词关系代词””引出。

引出 注意：注意：1．若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只．若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用可用whom，不可用，不可用who, that；关系代词指物；关系代词指物时只可用时只可用which，不可用，不可用that关系代词是所有关系代词是所有格时用格时用whose 2．．“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”前还可有前还可有some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few等代词或者数词等代词或者数词Fill in the blanks with proper preps.1.This is the book _____ which I spent 5 yuan.2.This is the book _____ which I paid 5 yuan.3.This is the book _____ which we can learn a lot. 4.This is the book _____ which we often talk.5.This is the book _____ which I wrote down many notes.onforfromaboutin1.In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ___ she could turn for help.(NMET92) A. to whom B.who C.from whom D. thatA2.His glasses, ____ he was like a blind man , fell to the ground and broke. A with which B. which C through which D. without whichD3.The plane ___ I came to London has flown 10,000 miles . A. in it B. in which C. by which D. whereBAS引导的定语从句as引导限定性定语从句，引导限定性定语从句， 习惯上用于下列词组：习惯上用于下列词组：the same....as such ...as as ... as，， so…as，在从句中作主语或宾语。

在从句中作主语或宾语 1.Such people as you describe are rare nowadays. 2.Let’s discuss only such questions as concern every one of us. 3.Would you please buy me the same novel as you bought for brother yesterday, Mum? las we have seen,las is known to all, las anybody can see, las was expected, las you know, las we can imagine, las has been pointed out As 用于非限制性定语从句，常见以下句型 选择最佳答案 1. Can you think of anyone _______ could look after him a bit for the next few days? 　　A. that B. which C. whom D. / 2. In Britain he had come across a painter _______ nobody else had heard of. 　　A. which B. where C. with whom D. / 3. Sunday is a holiday, _______ people do not go to work. 　A. on which B. on when C. in which D. where 4. Yesterday was one of the coldest days _______ I have ever known. 　A. which B. when C. who D. that 5. I am off to St. James Park,_______ I have to give a lecture on the Theatre. 　A. when B. there C. where D. which 6. I did this at nine o'clock, and _______ I sat sometimes reading the paper. 　　A. after doing it B. after which C. after while D. when 7. She was very fond of speaking French, _______ indeed she spoke very well. 　A. that 　B. where 　C. which　　 D. / 8. She had two new cars, _______ was made in Japan. A. one B. which C. and one of which D. and one of them 9. My new car, _______ I paid several thousand pounds _______ , is not running well. A. which; for B. that; for C. which; / D. what; with 10. His son, _______ he was devoted, was living abroad. 　A. whom B. to whom C. to which D. that。