高二选修7 Unit 2 RobotsLanguage points[课件].ppt

1.test out sth.=put sth. to the test 对新试做的物品或新产生的理论进对新试做的物品或新产生的理论进行行“试用试用”或或“检验考验检验考验”, 检验检验其试用的程度或有效性其试用的程度或有效性, 以便加以改以便加以改进eg. Their theory is going to be tested out.Language points 2. Claire didn’t want the robot in her house, especially as her husband would be absent for three weeks, but Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldn’t harm her or allow her to be harmed. 克莱尔并不想把机器人留在家里克莱尔并不想把机器人留在家里, 特别特别是在她丈夫离家三周的这个期间但是是在她丈夫离家三周的这个期间但是克莱尔被拉里说服了他说克莱尔被拉里说服了他说, 机器人不机器人不会伤害她会伤害她, 也不会让别人来伤害她。

也不会让别人来伤害她  [点拨点拨] 该句是一个由该句是一个由but连接的并列句连接的并列句第一个分句包含一个第一个分句包含一个as引导的原因状语引导的原因状语从句从句, 说明克莱尔不愿让机器人留在家说明克莱尔不愿让机器人留在家里的原因里的原因; but之后的句子的主干为之后的句子的主干为Larry persuaded her persuade后面是双宾语后面是双宾语: her充当间接宾充当间接宾语语, that引导的宾语从句充当直接宾语引导的宾语从句充当直接宾语还要注意在该宾语从句中的还要注意在该宾语从句中的not ... or ... 的意思是的意思是“既不既不……也不也不……”辨析辨析:especially 和和specially• especially adv.强调尤其、特别地、强调尤其、特别地、格外地格外地• specially adv. 强调专门地、特意地强调专门地、特意地 I bought a present specially for you. The ring is of especial importance to their marriage.1) especially adv. in particular 特别地特别地I love the country, especially in summer.2) absent adj.•缺席的缺席的,不在场的不在场的(+from) Three members of the class were absent this morning. 今天早晨该班有三人缺席。

今天早晨该班有三人缺席 He is absent on business. 他因事缺他因事缺席 He is absent from Hong Kong.￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿他不在香港他不在香港•缺少的缺少的, 不存在的不存在的 Snow is absent in his country. 他的国家不下雪他的国家不下雪•茫茫然的茫茫然的, 心不在焉的心不在焉的 He looked at me in an absent way. 他茫然地望着我他茫然地望着我 He had an absent look on his face.￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿他脸上露出心不在焉的神色他脸上露出心不在焉的神色vt. 不在不在; 缺席缺席Why did you absent yourself from school yesterday?昨天你为何不到校？昨天你为何不到校？absent 的的反义词是反义词是present出席的出席的,在场在场的的How many people were present at the meeting?到会的有多少人到会的有多少人?3) persuade sb. to do sth.=persuade sb. into doing sth.说服某人做某事说服某人做某事persuade若用于过去式，是指劝说成功若用于过去式，是指劝说成功, 若劝说不成功，就不应用若劝说不成功，就不应用persuaded，，而应用而应用tried to persuade或或advised. She tried to persuade/advised his husband to give up smoking, but failed.她曾劝说她丈夫戒烟她曾劝说她丈夫戒烟, 但失败了。

但失败了He was persuaded to give up smoking at last. 他最终被说服戒烟了他最终被说服戒烟了3. alarm n.警报，惊慌警报，惊慌The fire caused much alarm.火灾引起很大的恐慌．火灾引起很大的恐慌．相关短语：相关短语：give the alarm to…　　发警报给　　发警报给….take alarm at…　　对　　对….感到吃惊感到吃惊a fire alarm　　　　 火警火警a false alarm　　虚惊一场　　虚惊一场vt. 使警觉使警觉, 使惊慌使惊慌I don’t want to alarm you, but there is a strange man in your garden.我不想吓唬我不想吓唬你你, 不过你花园里有个陌生人不过你花园里有个陌生人相关短语：相关短语：be alarmed at … 被被…吓了一跳吓了一跳I was alarmed at his entering the home.be alarmed for… 对对…放心不下放心不下I was alarmed for her safety.4. smooth 平坦的平坦的, 顺利的顺利的 have a smooth temper 性格温和性格温和The course of true love never did run smooth. 好事多磨。

好事多磨5. embarrassed 尴尬的尴尬的, 难堪的难堪的, 害羞的害羞的be embarrassed in the presence of strangers. 在生人面前局促不安在生人面前局促不安6. Claire thought it was ridiculous to be offered sympathy by a robot. 1) to be offered是不定式的被动式是不定式的被动式, 在在宾语从句中作真正的主语宾语从句中作真正的主语, it是形式主是形式主语不定式的被动式可在句中作多种语不定式的被动式可在句中作多种成分成分, 是高考的热点之一是高考的热点之一[考例考例1] The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ___. (浙江浙江2007)A. to be heard B. to have heard C. hearing D. being heard [点拨点拨] struggle to do sth. 努力做某事，努力做某事，又因又因I 与与hear之间构成逻辑上的被动关之间构成逻辑上的被动关系，所以用不定式的被动式，故选系，所以用不定式的被动式，故选A。

[考例考例2] It took a long time for the connection between body temperature and illness _____. (江西江西2006) A. to make B. to be made C. making D. being made [点拨点拨] 根据根据“It takes / took (sb.) + 一段一段时间时间+ to do sth.” 可排除可排除C、、D, 再根据再根据make与与connection构成动宾关系构成动宾关系, 所以所以用不定式的被动式用不定式的被动式, 故选故选B[考例考例3] Energy drinks are not allowed _____ in Australia but are brought in from New Zealand. (上海上海2006)A. to make B. to be made C. to have been made D. to be making [点拨点拨] allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某允许某人做某事事,又因又因make与与energy drinks构成动宾构成动宾关系关系, 用不定式的被动式用不定式的被动式; 再根据句意说再根据句意说的是一般情况的是一般情况, 无完成含义无完成含义, 故选故选B。

2) sympathy 　同情心，同感　同情心，同感express sympathy for…对对…表示慰问表示慰问a letter of sympathy 慰问信慰问信feel/have sympathy for… 同情同情… I felt much sympathy for the blind.be in sympathy with… 赞同赞同…7. elegant 　优雅的，高雅的　优雅的，高雅的an elegant vase 　　别致的花瓶　　别致的花瓶an elegant gentleman　举止文雅的绅士　举止文雅的绅士8. pile 堆堆a pile of=piles of=a lot of　堆积如山的　堆积如山的I have a pile of work to do this evening.今晚我有一大堆工作要做今晚我有一大堆工作要做9. or rather　或者说，准确地说　或者说，准确地说What I want is the truth, or rather a series of truth. 我需要的是事实我需要的是事实, 准确地准确地说是一系列事实。

说是一系列事实10. absurd　荒谬的　荒谬的, 可笑的可笑的an absurd opinion　谬论　谬论Don’t be absurd！别胡闹！！别胡闹！11. accompany v. 陪伴陪伴, 伴奏伴奏I must ask you to accompany me to the police station.我得要求你陪我去趟警察局我得要求你陪我去趟警察局12. ring sb. up=call sb. up=give sb. a call/ring=call sb. on the telephone=phone sb 打给某人打给某人ring off the telephone　挂断　挂断call back=ring back　回　回13. As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern. ￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿当她转过身去时当她转过身去时, 格拉雷斯格拉雷斯·克拉芬克拉芬站在那里站在那里 turn around同同turn round 转过身转过身￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿1) 与与turn有关的短语有关的短语: turn back 折回折回, 翻回翻回 turn in 上交上交turn down 拒绝拒绝, 调小调小/低低turn out 结果是结果是; 生产生产turn on 开开(灯等灯等)turn off 关关(灯等灯等)turn up 出现出现;到达到达2) there stood... 此句为存在结构此句为存在结构,常常用于这种结构的动词有用于这种结构的动词有stand, seem to be, happen to be, be likely to be, live, come, enter, lie等等 There happened to be nobody in the room.14. By the amused and surprised look on her face, Chaire knew that Gladys thought she was having an affair. After all, she knew Claire’s husband’s name was Larry, not Tony. 从她脸上惊奇的表情判断从她脸上惊奇的表情判断, 克莱尔知克莱尔知道拉迪斯认为她有外遇道拉迪斯认为她有外遇, 毕竟她知道毕竟她知道她丈夫的名字是拉里她丈夫的名字是拉里, 而不是托尼。

而不是托尼1) by prep. 此处相当于此处相当于according to根据根据,按照按照By my watch it is two o’clock..by的用法：的用法：• “到到......时为止时为止””, 其后若跟过去时间其后若跟过去时间,时态多用过去完成时时态多用过去完成时; 若跟将来时间若跟将来时间, 时态多用将来完成时时态多用将来完成时 By the age of 15, he had taught himself advanced maths. 到到15岁时岁时,他就自学完了高等数学他就自学完了高等数学•表示时间时表示时间时, 还有还有““在在……期间期间,不迟于不迟于””的意思 I have no idea why he often sleeps by day. 我不知道他为什么常在白天睡我不知道他为什么常在白天睡觉  By tomorrow he will be here. 他明天就到这儿。

他明天就到这儿•by 作为介词和副词作为介词和副词,意思还有意思还有““在附在附近近,在旁边在旁边, 经经, 由由, 依据依据, 通过通过, 用用, 以以……方式方式””等 There is a mall table by the bed. 在床边有一张小桌子在床边有一张小桌子 Please let me by. 请让我进去请让我进去2) affair　暖昧关系　暖昧关系, 事情事情, 私通私通Don’t mind one’s own affaires/business.别管闲事！别管闲事！have an affair with sb.跟某人有不正当的男女关系跟某人有不正当的男女关系She was having an affair with someone who has a wife (有妇之夫有妇之夫).It’s not my affair. 这不关我的事这不关我的事3). after all　毕竟　毕竟, 别忘了别忘了You should be proud of him, after all, he is just a child.15. Tony told her and suggested that she invite Gladys and her friends to the house the night before he was to leave and Larry was to return. [点拨点拨] 该句是一个由该句是一个由and(第一个第一个and)连接连接的并列句。

第二个分句包含一个的并列句第二个分句包含一个that引导引导的宾语从句的宾语从句, the night before ... 在句中作在句中作时间状语还要注意的是时间状语还要注意的是suggest意为意为“建议建议”, 后接宾语从句时，从句的谓语动后接宾语从句时，从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气词用虚拟语气, 即即“(should +)动词原形动词原形” [考点考点] was to leave和和was to return是过去将是过去将来时，表示按计划或安排将要发生的事来时，表示按计划或安排将要发生的事 [考例考例] In a room above the store, where a party ______, some workers were busily setting the table. (湖南湖南2006)A. was to be held B. has been held C. will be held D. is being held [解析解析] 根据根据“some workers were busily setting the table”可知聚会尚未举行可知聚会尚未举行, 要用将要用将来时来时, 又因整个句子用了过去时又因整个句子用了过去时, 故选故选A。

16. firm　稳固的　稳固的, 坚实的坚实的as firm as a rock　　坚如磐石　　坚如磐石a firm faith　　坚定的信念　　坚定的信念a firm foundation　牢固的基础　牢固的基础17. She cried out “Tony” and then heard him declare that he didn’t want to leave her the next day and that he felt more than just the desire to please her. ￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿她大叫一声她大叫一声““托尼托尼””, 然后听到托尼然后听到托尼一本一本正经地说正经地说, 第二天他不想离开她第二天他不想离开她, 而且他并而且他并不满足于仅仅使她开心不满足于仅仅使她开心 [点拨点拨] 该句的主句包含两个并列的谓语该句的主句包含两个并列的谓语, 即即cried和和hearddeclare后接两个后接两个that引引导的宾语从句导的宾语从句, 其中第一个宾语从句中的其中第一个宾语从句中的that可以省略。

可以省略declare vt.1) 宣布宣布, 宣告宣告; 声明声明+(that) to make known formally or officially. The new Congress declared a state of war with Germany. 新的国会向德国宣战了新的国会向德国宣战了2) 宣称宣称;断言断言+(that) The accused man declared himself innocent. 被告声称他是无罪的被告声称他是无罪的 She declared that she didn’t want to see him again. 她宣称再也不愿见她宣称再也不愿见他了  I declared at the meeting that I did not support him. 我在会上声明我不支持他我在会上声明我不支持他3) 申报申报(纳税品等纳税品等) I have nothing to declare. 我没什么要申报的。

我没什么要申报的I would like to declare my love for you. A lot of use on Valentine's Day, don't we?•announce:宣布宣布￿ ￿to tell a lot of people. If I have a birthday party, I want to announce it to my friends.•declare n. :宣告宣告,宣布宣布a way of expressing oneself辨析辨析: declare与与announcemore than1). 后面跟名词后面跟名词, 意为意为““不只是不只是, 不仅仅不仅仅是是””￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿Kate was more than a teacher. She also did what she could to take care of her pupils. 凯特不仅凯特不仅仅是位教师仅是位教师,她还尽其所能照顾她的她还尽其所能照顾她的学生。

学生Think and compare.Modern science is more than a large amount of information. 现代科学不仅仅是大量的信息现代科学不仅仅是大量的信息My trip to Beijing is more than sightseeing. 我去北京不仅仅是观光我去北京不仅仅是观光2) more than与数词连用与数词连用, 意思是意思是““多多于于,大于大于, 超过超过”” I have known him for more than twenty years. 我认识他已超过二十年了我认识他已超过二十年了 More than ten policemen turned up at the spot where the accident happened. 十多位警察出现在出事地十多位警察出现在出事地点。

点3) more than与形容词和分词连用与形容词和分词连用,表表示示““非常、十分非常、十分”” They were more than happy to see us come back from the expedition. 看到我们远征而归看到我们远征而归, 他们异常高兴他们异常高兴I am more than happy to accept your invitation. 我很高兴接受你的邀请我很高兴接受你的邀请4). more than与动词连用与动词连用,对动词起着加对动词起着加强语气的作用强语气的作用 Repeated advertising will more than increase product sales. 多次做广告意味着增加产品的销售多次做广告意味着增加产品的销售5) more than和含有情态动词的句子和含有情态动词的句子连用连用,有否定意义有否定意义,表示表示““是是……难以难以……”或或““超过了超过了……所能所能””之义。

之义 The beauty of the village is more than I can describe. 我难以描述那个山村的美丽我难以描述那个山村的美丽This problem is more than a child can settle. 这一问题超出了小孩的解决能力这一问题超出了小孩的解决能力6) no more than意思是意思是““仅仅仅仅,不过不过,只只是是”” All his education added up to no more than one year. 他接受的所有他接受的所有的学校教育只有一年的学校教育只有一年 Their new flat has no more than 60 square meters. 他们的新居只有他们的新居只有60平方米。

平方米7). not more than表示表示““至多至多,不超过不超过”” Lying on the ground was a schoolboy of not more than seventeen. ￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿躺在地上的那个躺在地上的那个男学生最多十七岁男学生最多十七岁18. envy　嫉妒，羡慕　嫉妒，羡慕 How I envy you! you have a happy family!envy sb. sth.　　嫉妒羡慕某人某事　　嫉妒羡慕某人某事be green with envy　非常妒忌　非常妒忌be in envy of one’s success　　羡慕某人的成功羡慕某人的成功out of envy　　出于妒忌　　出于妒忌/羡慕羡慕19. leave sb./sth. alone =let sb./sth alone随他去随他去, 不干涉不干涉, 不管不管, 让其独自待着让其独自待着Leave my book alone. 别动我的书别动我的书Don’t think I will leave him alone.别以为我会让他自由自在。

别以为我会让他自由自在let alone 连用译为连用译为“更不用说更不用说”A 1 year-year-old child can’t even speak, let alone recite poems.20. You cannot have women falling in love with machines. 你不能让妇女爱上机器吧你不能让妇女爱上机器吧￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿现在分词作宾语补足语的用法现在分词作宾语补足语的用法: ￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿现在分词作宾语补足语表示的是一现在分词作宾语补足语表示的是一个正在持续或进行的主动动作个正在持续或进行的主动动作, 即句即句中的宾语和现在分词之间是主动关系中的宾语和现在分词之间是主动关系,￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿分词所表示的动作和谓语动词所表分词所表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生示的动作同时发生,且分词表示的动作且分词表示的动作处于持续状态常用的可以用现在分处于持续状态常用的可以用现在分词作宾语补足语的动词有两类：词作宾语补足语的动词有两类：1) 表示感觉的动词表示感觉的动词,如如see, hear, watch, find, feel, smell, observe, notice, look at, listen to等。

等2) 部分使役动词部分使役动词,如如have, keep, get, catch, leave, set等等 Can you hear her singing the song in the next room? He kept the car waiting at the gate. ￿ ￿注意注意: 现在分词主动式作宾补表示一现在分词主动式作宾补表示一个正在进行的主动动作个正在进行的主动动作,不定式主动式不定式主动式作宾补表示动作的全过程或即将发生作宾补表示动作的全过程或即将发生的主动动作的主动动作 I heard him playing the piano in the next room. Now let me hear you play the piano a second time.I.I.根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示母或汉语提示, ,写出各单词的正确形式写出各单词的正确形式1. Our paths in life will not always be ______ (平坦的平坦的).2. The little girl doesn’t like making speeches in public; she thinks it e__________ her.mbarrassessmooth3. I feel much ________ (同情同情) for those homeless people on the street.4. Our hotel offers some _______ (高高雅的雅的) rooms equipped with from air conditioners to TVs with free movies.sympathyelegant5. I don’t understand why the boy painted his _________ (手指甲手指甲) bright red.6. Of course it is not true. What an a_____ idea!fingernailsbsurd7. After she became blind, her husband a__________ her to and from hospital.8. When he entered the church he found many people kneeling on the _______ (垫子垫子) to pray.ccompaniedcushions9. The Prime Minister spends most time dealing with a_____ of state.10. Our school football team has had three v_______ this month against other schools.11. I have always ______ (羡慕羡慕) your good luck.ffairsictoriesenviedII.II.根据括号内的提示将下列句子翻译根据括号内的提示将下列句子翻译成英语。

成英语 1. 我们还不准备投入生产我们还不准备投入生产, 因为机器还因为机器还没有完全检验完没有完全检验完test out) We are not ready to go into production yet, because the machines have not been fully tested out.2. 请稍等一会请稍等一会, 我立刻给经理打看看我立刻给经理打看看他是否在办公室他是否在办公室ring up) Please wait a moment; I will ring up the manager immediately to see if he is in the office.3. 李平听到身后有响声李平听到身后有响声, 便转过身来便转过身来, 但什么也没发现但什么也没发现turn around) Li Ping turned around when he heard a noise behind him but found nothing. 4. 一宣布运动会开幕一宣布运动会开幕, 全校师生欢呼雀跃全校师生欢呼雀跃declare) The moment the sports meet was declared open, the whole school cheered.5. 为什么你只管你自己的事而不管我啊为什么你只管你自己的事而不管我啊? (leave ... alone) Why do you just mind your own business and leave me alone?6. 等公共汽车的时候等公共汽车的时候, 我习惯浏览一下报我习惯浏览一下报纸。

纸scan) I am used to scanning the newspaper when I am waiting for the bus.7. 这些天这些天, 装满垃圾的塑料袋在街上逐装满垃圾的塑料袋在街上逐渐堆了起来渐堆了起来pile up) Plastic bags full of rubbish have been piled up in the street gradually these days.8. 为了让别人听见为了让别人听见, 海伦不得不大声喊海伦不得不大声喊以使自己的声音超过音乐声以使自己的声音超过音乐声make oneself +宾补宾补) To make herself heard, Helen had to shout so that her sound was above the sound of the music.9. 我向他提议我们用另一种方式处理这我向他提议我们用另一种方式处理这个问题suggest) I suggested to him that we (should) deal with the problem in another way.III.III.每空填一词每空填一词, ,使该句与所给句子的使该句与所给句子的意思相同或相近。

意思相同或相近 1. Jack is angry at present and we’d better not disturb him. Jack is angry at present and we’d better _____ him ______.leavealone2. Don’t be nervous. It will not do harm to anyone at all. Take it easy and it will _____ no one at all.harm3. I intended to call you yesterday but my cell phone was out of order. I intended to _____ you _____ yesterday, but my cell phone was out of order. ringup4. The local government has taken some steps to prevent the forest from being destroyed. Some steps have been taken to _______ the forest _____ being destroyed by the local government.protectfrom5. It’s the most ridiculous thing I have ever heard in my life. It’s the most ______ thing I have ever heard in my life.absurd。