英语形容词和副词比较级的知识点汇总.doc

英语形容词和副词比拟级的知识点汇总 　　① 表示被比拟双方在某一方面相等或相同时, 用as + adj / adv + as构造, 表示“…和…一样” 如： 　　a. Xiao Li is as tall as his sister. 　　b. It is as cold today as it was yesterday. 　　c. There are as many seats in this hall as in that hall. 　　② 表示被比拟双方在某一方面不相等或不同时, 用not as / so + adj / adv + as, 表示“…和…不一样” 　　a. Xiao Li is not as / so tall as his brother. 　　b. It is not so / as cold today as yesterday. 　　c. There are not so / as many seats in this hall as in that hall. 　　① 对方比拟，表示一方超过另一方时，用“比拟级 + than”的构造表示如： 　　This picture is more beautiful than that one. 　　② 表示一方不及另一方时，用“less + 原级 + than”的构造表示。

如： 　　This room is less beautiful than that one. 　　③ 表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量时，可在比拟级前加表示程度的状语，如even、a lot、a bit、a little、still、much、far、yet、by fay等修饰如： 　　He works even harder than before. 　　注意：英语的比拟级前如无even、still或yet等时，译成汉语时可用“较”或“…一些”或不译出，一般不可有“更”如： 　　She is better than she was yesterday. 　　Please e earlier tomorrow. 　　另注意：by far通常用于强调最高级用于比拟级时，一般放在比拟级的后面，如在前面，应在二者中间加“the”如： 　　He is taller by far than his brother. 　　He is by far the taller of the two brothers. 　　④ 表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时，用“the + 比拟级（主语 + 谓语），the + 比拟级（主语 + 谓语）”的构造（意为“越……越……”）。

如： 　　The harder he works, the happier he feels. 　　⑤ 不与其他事物相比，表示本身程度的改变时，用“比拟级 + and + 比拟级”的构造如： 　　The weather is getting colder and colder. 　　The girl bees more and more beautiful. 　　⑥ 某些以-ior结尾的形容词进展比拟时，用to代替than这些词有inferior（劣等的，次的）、superior（较好的，优于……）、junior（资历较浅的）、senior（资格较老的）、prior（在……之前）等 　　He is superior to Mr. Zhang in chemistry. 　　⑦ 在比拟从句中为了防止重复，我们通常用that(those)、one(ones)代替前面出现的名词that指物,one既可指人又可指物that可代替可数名词单数和不可数名词，而one只能代替可数名词 　　The book on the table is more interesting than that(或the one)on the desk. 　　A box made of steel is stronger than one made of wood. 　　⑧ 倍数表达法。

　　（A）A is three(four, etc.)times the size(height, length etc.)of B. 　　如：The new building is four times the size(the height)of the old one.? 　　（B）A is three(four, etc.)times as big(high, long, etc.)as B. 　　如：Asia is four times as large as Europe.? 　　（C）A is three (four, etc.)times bigger(higher, longer, etc.)than B. 　　如：Your school is three times bigger than ours.? 　　用times 表倍数通常用于三倍以上，两倍可以用twice或double. 　　①三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用“the + 最高级”的构造表示这种句式一般常有表示比拟范围的介词短语如： 　　Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three. 　　He works(the)hardest in his class. 　　②最高级可被序数词以及much、by far、nearly、almost 、by no means、not quite、not really、nothing like等词语所修饰。

如： 　　This hat is by far / much / nearly / almost / not nearly / by no means / not quite / nothing like the biggest. 　　How much did the second most expensive hat cost? 　　③表示“最高程度”的形容词，如excellent、extreme、perfect等，没有最高级，也不能用比拟级 　　④形容词最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词、代词时，被修饰的词往往省略如： 　　He is the tallest(boy)in his class. 　　⑤作状语的副词最高级前可以不加定冠词如： 　　Of all the boys he came(the)earliest. 。