高中英语人教版必修一Unit-5知识点汇总及强化练习.doc

Unit 5 Nelson Mandela- a modern hero单元要点预览词汇部分词语辨析1. fight for/against/with 2. reward / award3. accept / receive4. since / because / as / for词形变化1. cruel adj.  残暴的, 残忍的cruelty  n.  残暴, 残忍2. hope n. v.希望; 期望hopeful adj. 有希望的, 顺利的, 有前途的hopeless adj. 没有希望的; 令人绝望的3. educate vt. 教育education n. 教育; 教育体制educated adj. 受过教育的; 受过训练的重点单词1. devote vt. 投入；献身 2. vote v. 投票（决定）；选举　n. 投票, 选票,表决, 得票数3. reward n. 报酬，奖金vt. 酬谢，给以报答4. equal adj. 平等的；相等的5. advise v. 建议重点词组1. be in prison 在狱中，被监禁2. out of work 失业,出问题3. lose heart 丧失勇气或信心重点句子1. We were put in a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the Government. 2. Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.重点语法定语从句 Ⅰ 词语辨析 1. fight for/against/with【解释】fight for/against/withfight for 为……而斗争；努力争取 fight against 与……作斗争 fight with 和……并肩作战，和……打仗/打架/斗争 【练习】用正确的fight短语填空1). We will have to ________ difficulties. 2). They told the workers to _________ their rights. 3). During World War II, the British _________ Frenchmen against Germans. 2. reward / award 【解释】award用作名词时，意为“奖品”、“奖金”、“奖”;reward作名词时，作“报酬”、“奖励”、“报答”讲。

练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). The film ________ are presented annually． 2). A __________ was offered for the return of the passport． 3. accept / receive【解释】accept (接受)表示主观上乐意接受还表示“答应”、“同意”、“认同” receive (收到,得到), 表示客观收到, 还不能断定是否接受还表示“接待”、“接收”、“欢迎”【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空I ________ his letter of invitation, but I didn't ________ it.4. since / because / as / for【解释】since =now that 意为“由于,既然”,常表示已知的或大家都清楚的原因because表语气最强, 经常表听者不知的原因,它能回答why的提问as 可和because互换,但语气不够它强,也不能回答why的提问for 是并列连词,与后面的分句对前一句话起到补充说明的作用,其前常有逗号隔开。

练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). I can’t go _________ I’m ill.2). ________ the rain has stopped, let’s go out for a walk.3). ________ I’m leaving tomorrow, I’ve bought you a gift.4). It must have rained last night, ________ the ground is wet.II词性变化 1. cruel adj.  残暴的, 残忍的cruelty  n.  残暴, 残忍2. hope n. v.希望; 期望hopeful adj. 有希望的, 顺利的, 有前途的hopeless adj. 没有希望的; 令人绝望的3. educate vt. 教育education n. 教育; 教育体制educated adj. 受过教育的; 受过训练的【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空 1) She is a highly ________ woman (educate)2) Parents should _________ their children to behave well. (educate)3） A child receives its early _________ at home. (educate)4） Many a young _________ went to Hollywood. (hope) 5） Our ________ for fine weather were not disappointed. (hope)6） Most of the students are making good progress but Jeremy seems a ________ case. (hope) 7) Don't be ________ to animals. (cruel)8) He saw a lot of _________ in the prison camp. (cruel) Ⅲ重点词汇 1. devote vt. 投入；献身[典例] 1). He devoted himself entirely to music. 他将一生奉献给了音乐。

2). Mary devoted her life to caring for the sick. 玛丽献身于为病人服务[重点用法]devote… to… 献身于；专心于在devote… to…短语中，to是介词，后面接名词或动词-ing常见的类似短语还有：pay attention to（注意……）; stick to（坚持……）; lead to（导致……）; prefer…to（相比……更喜欢……）; look forward to（盼望……）;[练习] 中译英1). 她深爱她的孩子2). 我们应全力以赴地工作2. vote v. 投票（决定）；选举　n. 投票, 选票,表决, 得票数[典例] 1). We voted Democrat in the last election. 我们在上次的选举中投了民主党的票2). We’ll listen to the arguments on both sides and then vote on it. 我们会先听取双方的论证后再作表决3). The votes are still being counted. 选票仍在统计中[重点用法]vote down 投票否决；投票击败 vote in 投票选出；选举vote through 表决通过 put… to the vote 将……付诸表决take/have a vote on 对……进行表决 vote for/against 投票赞成/反对[练习]用恰当的介词或副词填空。

1). The suggestion was voted by a large majority.2). Shall we take a vote the question?3). The issue was put the vote.4). Was the vote or the matter?3. reward n. 报酬，奖金vt. 酬谢，给以报答[典例]1). He worked hard but without much reward. 他工作很努力，但是报酬很少2). He rewarded me with a prize. 他用一个奖励来报答我[重点用法]in reward (for…) 作为（对……的）报酬、报答 give a reward to sb. for sth. 为……给某人报酬、赏金reward sb. for (doing) sth. 因……报答、奖赏某人 reward sb. with sth. 用……报答、奖赏某人[练习] 中译英1). 她的善良没有得到任何回报。

2). 她向他报之以一笑4. equal adj. 平等的；相等的[典例] 1). Women demand equal pay for equal work. 女性要求同等工作获同等报酬2). All people are born equal. 人人生来平等[重点用法] be equal to 与……相等be equal with 与……平等[练习] 中译英1). 一单位酒精等于半品脱啤酒2). 他们认为，在上帝眼中穷人和富人是平等的5. advise v. 建议[典例] 1). I have advised you on that subject. 在那个问题上，我给过你建议.2). Christie advises us to practise oral English as often as possible. Christie建议我们要尽可能多练口语.3). I advise that you (should) not eat fruit that isn’t ripe. 我建议你不要吃那些没有熟的水果.[重点用法]advise sb. on sth. 就……给某人出主意 advise +n. /pron. 建议……advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人干…… advise (one’s) doing sth. 建议（某人）干……advise + (。