孔子简介中英文.ppt

2024/9/14孔子简介12024/9/14孔子简介2          尼山全景尼山全景panoramic￿view￿of￿Nishan ■孔子（前５５１－－前４７９）春秋末期思想家、政治家、教育家，儒学学派的创始人名丘，字仲尼鲁国陬邑（今山东曲阜东南）人先世系宋国贵族五世祖木金父避难奔鲁，后定避鲁国陬邑父叔梁纥为鲁国武士，以勇力闻于诸侯Confucius (551-479BC), an ideologist, politician and educator in the late Spring and Autumn Period, founder of Confucianism. His real name is Kong Qiu, and he was born in State Lu, today’s Shandong Province.   Confucius is considered the greatest of the ancient Chinese sages.2024/9/14孔子简介3    俎豆礼容俎豆礼容learn￿the￿etiquette￿　　六岁　　六岁 公元前公元前546年年 (周灵王二十周灵王二十六年鲁襄公二十七年六年鲁襄公二十七年)孔子在母亲颜征孔子在母亲颜征在的教育下，自幼好礼，在的教育下，自幼好礼，"为儿嬉戏，为儿嬉戏，常陈俎豆，设礼容常陈俎豆，设礼容"，演习礼仪。

演习礼仪Confucius lost his father at the age of 3. Educated by his mother Yan Zhengzai, Confucius was good-mannered when he was only a small child. He learned the etiquette although he lived in poverty. 2024/9/14孔子简介4          孔子父母合葬墓孔子父母合葬墓 a￿joint￿tomb￿for￿Confucius’￿parents　　十七岁　　十七岁 公元前公元前535年年(周景王十周景王十年鲁昭公七年年鲁昭公七年)孔母颜征在卒，与孔父合葬孔母颜征在卒，与孔父合葬 Confucius’ mother died when he was 17, and was buried together with his father. 2024/9/14孔子简介5               学琴师襄学琴师襄￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿learn￿from￿Shixiang￿二十九岁二十九岁 公元前公元前523年年(周景王周景王二十二年二十二年 鲁昭公十九年鲁昭公十九年)孔子学琴孔子学琴于师襄子。

他长时间练习一支曲于师襄子他长时间练习一支曲子，直到理解了乐曲的内涵，进而子，直到理解了乐曲的内涵，进而领悟到作者是周文王，师襄很佩领悟到作者是周文王，师襄很佩服，告诉他乐曲名叫服，告诉他乐曲名叫《《文王操文王操》》 Confucius learned music from Shixiang. He played the same tune again and again until he felt that he understood it thoroughly. He thus realized that the author of the tune was Emperor Wen of Zhou Dynasty. Shixiang admired him greately and told him that the name of the tune was “Wen Wang Cao”.2024/9/14孔子简介6          杏坛讲学图杏坛讲学图 ￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿Confucius￿as￿a￿teacher三十岁三十岁 公元前公元前522年年(周景王二周景王二十三年十三年 鲁昭公二十年鲁昭公二十年)开始创办平民开始创办平民教育，收徒讲学，他讲授的内容包括礼、教育，收徒讲学，他讲授的内容包括礼、乐，射，御，书，数。

据传孔子有三千乐，射，御，书，数据传孔子有三千弟子，其中有七十二贤人弟子，其中有七十二贤人He established the first private school in China and accepted the students from everywhere. Knowledge he taught included: Manners, Music, Literature, Riding, Archery and Mathematics. It is said that he has 3,000 students. Among them, 72 became famous scholars.2024/9/14孔子简介7孔子登临处（今山东泰山）孔子登临处（今山东泰山）Mount￿Tai,￿where￿Confucius￿ever￿climbed￿泰山问政泰山问政Chi￿K'ang￿Tzu￿asked￿Confucius￿about￿government.￿Confucius￿answered,'To￿govern￿(cheng)￿is￿to￿correct￿(cheng).￿If￿you￿set￿an￿example￿by￿being￿correct,￿who￿would￿dare￿to￿remain￿incorrect?2024/9/14孔子简介8孔子闻韶处（今山东临淄）孔子闻韶处（今山东临淄）Linzi,￿where￿Confucius￿heard￿the￿amazing￿music￿“Shao”￿三十六岁三十六岁 公元前公元前516年年(周敬王四年周敬王四年鲁昭公二十六年鲁昭公二十六年)孔子在齐与齐太师孔子在齐与齐太师语乐，听到语乐，听到《《韶韶》》乐（相传是舜时的乐（相传是舜时的音乐），三月不知肉味，兴奋地说音乐），三月不知肉味，兴奋地说：："不图为乐之至于斯也！不图为乐之至于斯也！" When Confucius was 36, he happened to hear the ancient music “Shao” (music of Shun Dynasty), it was so amazing that he didn’t know the taste of meat for three months. He was excited because he never realized that music could be so incredible. 。