英语会话：图表词汇及描述语.doc

职场英语：图表词汇及描述语chart description　1.各种图表的名称(Types of chart)　　饼状图(Pie chart)： 饼状图内部分成一块一块，用于表示所占分量，那一块一块就叫"segment"　　线形图(Line graph)： 横轴叫axis,枢轴叫vertical,实线是solid line,虚线是broken line　　柱状图(Bar chart)： 每一个矩形就叫一个bar　　表(Table)： 表的“行”是row，“列”是column　　流程图(Flow chart)　　组织结构图(organ gram)2.描述变化时(Describing Change)　　(1)向上的趋势(Upward movement)：　　To increase/rise/go up　　To grow/expand　　To rocket/boom/soar　　e.g. We increased sales　　We expanded our workforce　　We raised our prices注意：Raise是及物动词)　　(2)向下的趋势(Downward movement)　　To decrease/fall/drop/decline/go down　　To slump/collapse/plummet/crash　　注意：decrease和drop是及物动词　　(3)不再变动(an end to movement)　　To flatten out/ level off　　(4)无变化(No change)　　To remain constant/stable　　To stay the same/ at the same level　　To maintain/hold/keep　　e.g. We need to hold our costs down. 我们需要保持低成本　　3.变化的程度(Degree of change)　　Dramatically/considerably/significantly/moderately/slightly　　e.g. Sales have fallen considerably. 销售大幅度下降　　Profits rose slightly. 利润缓慢上升　　4.变化速度(Speed of change)　　Rapidly/quickly/suddenly/gradually/steadily/slowly　　e.g. Sales went up rapidly. 销售迅速增长写作模板——图表式作文 It is obvious in the graph/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes.It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years (as X varies). At the point of （接近）X1, Y reaches its peak value of …(多少). What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are … (多少) reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table. First of all, …(第一个原因). More importantly, …(第二个原因). Most important of all, …(第三个原因). From the above discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future. The trend described in the graph/table will continue for quite a long time (if necessary measures are not taken括号里的使用于那些不太好的变化趋势). 图表作文经典句型总结 图表作文要求考生用文字材料把图表中所提供的信息准确、完整地表达出来。

在写作图表作文时，首先要仔细观察并分析图表，以及题中所给出的有关信息，比如，作文标题，英文提纲、英文提示、英语关键词等在分析图表时，要抓住与主题有关的信息，要发现数据呈现的规律，要充分利用图表中的图形、数据等来说明主题但是注意不要过多地引用数据，以免造成滥用数据的后果另外，在写作图表作文时可以套用一些常用词汇或表达方式，这将有助于你写出较为地道的图表作文 （1）常用的开篇句型（即概述图表内容时常用的表达法）① According to the table/pie chart/line graph/bar graph, we can see/conclude that … 根据该表/图，我们可知 …… ② The table/graph reveals(shows/indicates/illustrates/represents/points out) that … 该表/图表明…… ③As we can see from the table … 　As can be seen from the line/bar graph … 　As is shown (illustrated/indicated) in the pie chart … 　 如表/图所示，…… (2) 描述增减变化常用的句型 ① Compared with …… is still increased by … ② The number of … grew/rose from … to … ③ An increase is shown in …; then came a sharp increase of … ④ In … the number remains the same/drops to … ⑤ There was a very slight (small/slow/gradual) rise/increase in 1990. ⑥ There was a very steady (marked/sharp/rapid/sudden/ dramatic) drop (decrease / decline / fall / reduction) in 1998 / compared with that of last year). (3) 对于上升趋势的描述： a. 可以使用的动词或动词词组： to increase to go up to rise to grow to jump to leap to soar to shoot to pick up b. 可以使用的名词： an increase a growth a jump a soar an upward trend (4) 对于上升到某个位置的描述： 动词＋to the peak of＋具体数据。

动词＋reaching the peak of +具体数据 动词＋reaching + 具体数据 to peak at ＋ 具体数据 to climb to + 具体数据 (5) 对于上升的程度的描述： 　动词＋by ＋ 具体数据(6) 对于下降趋势的描述： a. 可以使用的动词或动词词组： 　　to fall to decrease to go down to slide 　　to collapse to decline to drop b. 可以使用的名词： 　　a collapse a decrease a fall a decline 　　a drop (7) 对于下降到某个位置的描述： 　　动词＋to＋具体数据 动词＋to＋the bottom of＋具体数据 　　动词＋reaching the bottom of +具体数据 动词＋reaching + 具体数据 (8) 对于下降程度的描述： 　　动词＋by ＋ 具体数据 (9) 对于平稳的趋势的描述： 　　可以使用的动词或动词词组： 　　to hardly change to have little change to keep steady 　　to level off to remain constant to stay the same (10) 表示程度的副词： 　　1. 程度较大： 　　considerably dramatically greatly 　　markedly 　　obviously 　　quickly 　　rapidly 　　sharply 　　significantly 　　suddenly 　　2. 程度较小： 　　slightly 　　gradually 　　slowly 　　steadily (11) 时间的嵌入 　　嵌入时间时所使用的介词和介词词组： 　　from……to…… 　　between…….and…… 　　during……and…… at the start of …… 　　by the end of …… 　　over …… at the end of …… 　　throughout …… (12) 上升和下降趋势的组合描述 1. 先上升后下降的句型： ... increased slowly during… and … but fell sharply in … A steady fall in …… during …… and …… followed the sharp increase in ……2. 先下降后上升的句型：… fell before …… began to make a recovery …… … continue the recovery, climbing to …… … dropped during …… but increased again in …… … fell and then pick up during …… …collapsed before rising to ……at the end of …… 3. 起伏波动的句型： … fluctuated sharply all through …… 4. 波动不大的句型： … hardly changed through the period between …and …。