关于年考研英语比较结构翻译.doc

关于年考研英语比拟构造翻译 　　(1)平级比拟 　　常见短语：as…as, not so much as. 　　真题例句1(1999年，71题)：There are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians. 　　句子构造：as…as的构造可以译为"A和B一样…"本句按字面意思翻译为"对历史的定义和历史学家的数量一样多"，但是考研翻译时需要对汉语加以调整 　　参考译文：几乎每个历史学家对历史都有自己的定义 　　真题例句2(xx年，46题)：Never before has television served so much to connect different peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe. 　　句子构造：never表否认含义，本句话包含了not so much as的比拟构造这个构造有两种形式，一种是A not so much… as B，这是两个对象的比拟，意思是"A不像B那么…";另一种构造是not so much A as B，这是同一个对象的两个方面的比拟，表示否认A肯定B，意思是"不是A是B;与其说A不如说B"。

本句是第一种构造，比拟的是before和the recent events 　　参考译文：在此之前，就加强不同的民族和国家之间的联系而言，电视还从来没有像在最近的欧洲事件中起过如此大的作用 　　真题例句3(1994年，74题)：Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tools. 　　句子构造：本句中的比拟构造是not so much A as B，译为"与其说A不如说B"比拟的是though和because of两个介词短语 　　参考译文：科学向前开展，与其说是由于天才伟人的真知灼见，不如说是因为如改良了的技术和工具等更为普通的东西 　　(2)than的比拟构造 　　常见短语：形容词比拟级+than，more than，less than，no more than，no less than， not any more than，not any less than等。

　　more than，less than构造 　　more A than B的比拟构造，是肯定A否认B;less A than B和not so much A as B表示同一个含义，否认A肯定B，译为"不是A是B;与其说A不如B" 　　not any more than，no more than，not any less than，no less than构造 　　这四个比拟构造中not和no的否认含义不同，not否认的是详细、局部，而no否认的是抽象、全部 　　no more...than... (=not any more...than...)构造中no否认的是全部，指两个比拟对象"都不…";同理，no less...than... (=not less ...than...)的比拟构造指两个比拟对象"都…" 　　真题例句1(1999年，Text 5)：Science, in practice, depends far less on the experiments than on the preparedness of the minds of the men who watch the experiments. 　　句子构造：本句包含比拟构造(far) less than，far是副词修饰比拟级。

比拟的对象是on the experiments和on the preparedness of the minds of the men该比拟构造表示否认前者，肯定后者，译为"与其说…不如说…" 　　参考译文：科学与其说取决于试验本身，不如说取决于有准备的头脑 　　真题例句2(xx年，49题)：But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business. 　　句子构造：本句包含比拟构造not any more than，相当于no more than，表示两者都否认，译为"都不"比拟的对象是to think about the moral code和to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business。

　　参考译文：他的主要任务不是去思考道德准那么，正如人们不应该期待商人去致力于探索商业行为标准一样。