动态联盟下基于Internet的协同产品开发及其关键技术研究.pdf

上海交通大学博士学位论文动态联盟下基于Internet的协同产品开发及其关键技术研究姓名：邱浩波申请学位级别：博士专业：材料加工工程指导教师：李从心20030501I动态联盟下基于 I n t e r n e t 的协同产品开发及其关键技术研究 摘 要 产品开发作为制造企业中最具有创造力和最重要的因素在以知识和全球化竞争为基础 的信息社会面临着更加严峻的挑战客户需求的多样化和产品更新速度的加快使得开发时 间成为其中的关键性因素而产品日趋复杂也使得开发必须跨越不同的专业人员团队甚至 动态联盟之上产品开发中的创新不仅存在于个人的智慧和经验中而且存在于开发者之间 的知识交流和协作中在当今知识密集社会中协同基础上的创新将提供更高的效率产品 的开发摆脱了以往的模式具有数字化并行化分布化智能化和协同化的特点而协同 正是将前面几点集成起来的基石 本文根据现代产品开发的特点和要求在对协同产品开发及其相关技术进行了全面回顾 的基础上将跨企业协作引入协同产品开发中提出了面向动态联盟的协同产品开发系统 (DACPDS)以注塑模具为研究对象从开发模式创新和多 Agent 体系构架分布式过程管理 和优化多角度知识协同分布式知识集成策略和方法集成产品共享模型和存取控制方法 等方面对 DACPD 进行了广泛系统的深入研究并在最后开发出实用系统对其进行了验证 结合当前敏捷制造等各种制造哲理的理论和实际研究提出了动态联盟下的分布式并行 工程的概念特点和实现策略从系统论角度建立了协同企业的广义动力学模型给出了企 业信息获取处理和运用的 DACPD 平台及相应的参考模型分析了系统中 Agent 的特点和 分类给出了单个 Agent 的结构及形式化表示从整体角度对 DACPD 基于 Agent 的体系结 构和实现进行了系统的研究 在对 DACPD 中过程管理需求流程和组成部分进行了全面分析的基础上对过程所涉 及的基本元素从不同层次进行了描述本着集成和并行的思想创新性地将任务划分任务 组合和任务排序抽象成为整体性迭代操作以知识的形式封装任务划分模板采用模糊关系 矩阵分析方法来构建优化的任务执行针对任务的多样性对以知识评估为基础的复合任务 调度方法的模型策略相关算法进行了详细的描述在面向对象组件基础上采用 CPDN 对 开发过程的执行和仿真进行更加完备和灵活的控制并对过程监控的策略内容方法进行 了系统性描述 分析了 DACPD 中的协同方式信息和层次随之给出了一个三层总体框架建立了基 于 Agent 的语义交互模型为上层知识交互建立语义通讯基础适应不同的需求对两种不 同的协作方式的模型 算法和策略进行了全面的阐述 另外 从冲突管理的角度构造了 DACPD 中的协调框架然后从分布式冲突检测和启发式消解策略方面对其进行了深入的描述给出 了相关的算法和实现策略 根据知识工程中知识的表征和特点对 DACPD 中的知识内容进行了详细的分解并提出 了其基于学习的动态驱动模式创造性地提出了三层体系的知识管理构架基于全领域分布 式知识集成从实用角度给出了基于集成的知识综合决策框架 KDSFI 以及具体的实现形式 从知识通用表示和知识结构封装两方面 运用本体和 XML 语言对多 Agent 知识集成进行了描 述 针对 DACPD 的特点以 STEP 标准及其方法学为基础构建了协同产品信息共享模型 CPISM 的体系结构从多角度子视图模式对其用 EXPRESS 构件进行了详尽的描述并给出 了其具体实现方法最后从分布式信息管理的角度运用多 Agent 和多库技术对 DACPD 中整个产品存取浏览转换交换共享的机制总体架构及其实现关键技术进行了全面II说明 基于上述总体构架和关键技术的研究 以注塑模具产品为研究对象 在 Internet 平台上开 发了原型系统以对其进行验证从功能和面向对象的角度进行建模综合采用多种 Web 应用 技术从各子关键技术的角度对分布式协同产品开发提供集成支持 关键词协同产品开发知识协同动态联盟知识集成过程管理 IIIResearch on Internet-based Collaborative Product Development and Key Technologies under Dynamic Alliance ABSTRACT As the most creative and important influence factor in manufacturing enterprise, product development faces more intensive challenges in today’s information society which is based on knowledge economy and globalized competition. The diversity of customers’ requirement and the improvement of product delivery rate have made time the most important factor, and the complexity of product also made this development spanning over different experts, teams, even dynamic alliance. The innovation in product development not only exists in individual’s wisdom and experiences, but also be in the knowledge communication and cooperation. In today’s knowledge intensive society, innovation based on collaboration will provide more efficiency. Thus, the new product development system has the characteristics of digitalization, parallelization, distribution, intelligence and collaboration, among which collaboration is the footstone. According to the requirement of modern product development, on the basis of comprehensive review of collaborative product development and related technologies, the inter-enterprise cooperation is introduced and the concept of Dynamic Alliance oriented Collaborative Product Development-DACPD system is presented. Taking injection mold as the research object, the structural mode and multi-agent architecture, distributed process management, multi view knowledge collaboration, knowledge integration schemes and methods, integrated product sharing model of DACPD are systematically discussed, and a practical system is also developed to verify these technologies in the end. Combining the theory and practice of agile manufacturing and other various manufacturing philosophies, the concept, characteristics and implementation of distributed concurrent engineering under dynamic alliance are discussed. The generalized dynamics model of collaborative enterprise is built up in a systematic way, enterprise information acquiring, processing and utilizing process under DACPD platform and the related reference model are also brought forward. After analyzing the characteristic, classification and structural formalization of agent in DACPD, the architecture and implementation of agent-based DACPD are also described. On the basis of systematic analysis of requirement, flow and composition of process management in DACPD, the process related basic elements are described in different level. For the task flow, the task decomposition, task decoupling and task sequencing are abstracted into integrated iterative operations. At the same time, task decomposition template is encapsulated in knowledge form, and fuzzy relationship matrix analysis method is used to acquire optimized task sequence. Aiming at the diversity of tasks, the model, scheme and related algorithms of composite task scheduling method are carefully discussed. The Collaborative Product Development Net is presented and used to facilitate process execution and simulation, and the contents and method of process monitoring are also systematically described. After analyzing the method, information and level of collaboration in DACPD, a three layer general framework is built up. Age。