作文升级-外刊文章分析对比(17)讲义-2025届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项.docx

第一篇总会存在这样一些学生： 他们阅读时毫不费劲， 理解深入， 写出来的东西也优美动人但如今， 这样的学生已经寥寥无几一名教授发现他的学生在遇到看不懂的观点时干脆“摆烂”另一名教授则表示他的学生甚至很难集中注意力在一首十四行诗上( sonnet)你写的 There are always students who read effortlessly, understand deeply, and write beautifully. Today, however, such students are few and far between. One professor finds his students " flopped" when they encounter ideas they don't understand. Another professor said that his students even have trouble to pay attention to a sonnet.外刊的 There are always students who read insightfully and easily and write beautifully, but they are now more exceptions. One professor finds his students" shutting down" when confronted with ideas they don't understand. Another professor said that his students have trouble staying focused on even a sonnet.句型部分总会存在这样一些学生： 他们阅读时毫不费劲， 理解深入， 写出来的东西也优美动人。

There are always students who read effortlessly, understand deeply, and write beautifully.→There are always students who read insightfully and easily and write beautifully.正确使用平行结构学生习作中是选用 read, understand, write三个动词作为平行的核心， 因此使用的是A，B， andC这样的写法而外刊原文中， 由于“读写能力”是基础教学中不断探讨的核心话题, 因此作者选用 read and write作为大平行结构理解深入”便只在小平行结构 insightfully and easily中体现平行结构( Parallelism) 相对来说比较容易掌握， 只需要把平行部分的结构写得对称就好今天来进行一些拓展：①平行结构的标点符号° We gave him paint and brushes.(我们给了他颜料和画笔)° Professor Lee believed that zircon grains could be found in the samples, and he asked his students to find them.(李教授认为样本中可能存在锆石颗粒， 于是他让学生们去寻找。

)由例句1可见， 当and连接的是两个词或词组时， 不需要使用逗号例句2中， and连接的是两个句子， 因此需要使用逗号隔开 The room was dim, cool and quiet.(这房间昏暗、阴冷且安静 The room was dim and cool and quiet.(这房间又暗又冷又静)上面是存在三个 (或三个以上)并列词或词组的情况它的基本写法正如学生习作的写法： A， Band C这样的形式(在最后两项之间加 and， 其他部分用逗号隔开)但如果有紧凑性的需求， 也可以去掉逗号， 但翻译上会有一些区别请对比上面两个例句的翻译②并列部分的易错点(孕妇吸烟可能会妨碍胚胎发育， 对胚胎造成伤害)× Smoking by pregnant women may slow the growth and generally harm the fetus.✔ Smoking by pregnant women may slow the growth of and generally harm the fetus.这句话的并列内容是 slow the growth of the fetus和 harm the fetus。

当被 and隔开的时候, 非常容易把 of这类介词遗漏， 因此在写作时需要检查一下措辞部分但如今， 这样的学生已经寥寥无几 Today, however, such students are few and far between.→ bu t they are now more exceptions.寥寥无几 few and far between ⇔ exceptions两种表达都可以用 few and far between指的是“少之又少”这种意思， 例如：° Successful women politicians are few and far between.(成功的女政治家少之又少 Unfortunately, opportunities to listen to a great speaker are few and far between.(可惜， 能够聆听到优秀的演讲的机会凤毛麟角) exception原本表示“例外”我们可以用“某事物是一种例外”这样的表达去描述一件事物的稀有罕见， 而且使用- tion名词会显得很干脆利落： Stepfamilies are rapidly becoming the norm, not the exception.(重组家庭正迅速变成一种常态， 不再罕见。

) That proactive partnership is the new normal in the world, but we in Britain are now exceptions to the norm.(这种积极主动的合作关系在当今世界是新的常态， 但在英国还是很少见的)第二篇美国东海岸的码头工人进行了自1977年以来的首次罢工长期罢工将使航运受阻， 并使运费增加罢工还将打击汽车产业， 因为这些港口所进行的贸易在车辆和零部件贸易中占有相当大的份额分析人士估计， 罢工每天可能给经济造成38亿至45亿美元的损失你写的 Longshoremen on America's east coast went on strike for the first time since 1977. A long strike will disrupt shipping and make the shipping costs higher. It will also hit the car industry, because the trade at these ports accounts for a significant share of the trade in vehicles and parts. Analysts estimate that it could cause losses to the economy between $3.8 b n and $4.5 b n a day.外刊的 Dockworkers on America's east coast went on strike, their first since 1977. A long strike will snarl up shipping and push up freight rates. It will also hit the car industry, as the ports account for a sizeable chunk of trade in vehicles and spare parts. Analysts estimate that it could cost the economy between $3.8bn and $4.5bn a day.句型部分1.美国东海岸的码头工人进行了自1977年以来的首次罢工。

Longshoremen on America's east coast went on strike for the first time since 1977.→Dockworkers on America's east coast went on strike, their first since 1977.省略之承前省学生习作中， 划线部分是一个普通的时间状语， 这个写法是没问题的外刊作者使用的是非限定性同位语(含逗号的同位语)，则可以突出逗号后边的部分， 强调“很久没有罢工现象了”这个同位语原本完整的结构是 their first strike since 1977,但由于前面已经提到 strike，为了避免重复， 后边便省略了这就是为什么这个同位语看起来没有中心名词的原因这种写法在修辞学中属于省略修辞( Elliptical sentences)的一种， 叫做承前省下边给一些例子：o They can pay the full fee, and certainly should.(原本是 and they certainly should, 省略了 they: 他们能够全额支付， 他们也应该这么做。

)o Sylvia will prepare lunch and Alice might supper.(原本是 Alice might prepare, 省略了 prepare: 西尔维娅将准备午餐， 而艾莉丝也许会准备晚餐)o Wise men have their mouths in their hearts, fools their hearts in their mouths.(原本是 fool men, 将 men省略; 同时也将 have省略了: 聪明的人行胜于言，愚蠢的人光说不练)2.因为这些港口所进行的贸易在车辆和零部件贸易中占有相当大的份额…… because the trade at these ports accounts for a significant share of the trade in vehicles and parts.→…… as the ports account for a sizeable chunk of trade in vehicles and spare parts.省略之蒙后省这个修辞法与上述的承前省类似， 差别只在于我们是通过句子的后半部分得知省略了什么内容(此处我们通过后边的 trade得知省略内容)。

下边给一些蒙后省的例句：o If you want me to, I' ll lend you my car.(原本是 If you want me to lend you my car, 省略了 lend youmy car： 如果你要我借给你车， 我会借的)o Let those who can serve as teachers.(原本是 Let those who can be a teach。