高中英语特殊句式全面讲解及练习含答案.docx

高中英语语法讲义第二讲特殊句式倒装句通常句式为自然语序 主语+谓语”，有时为了强调句子的某一部分，或 者出于词汇用法、语法结构或修辞上的需要，将这种比较固定的语序加以颠倒， 就形成了倒装分为完全倒装，部分倒装和形式倒装一.完全倒装：谓语动词完全置于主语之前，主语为名词不为代词，谓语不用 进行时1.一些表示地点、时间或方位等的副词或介词短语如：here, there, now, then, up, down ,in, out,away, off, in the room, on the wall 等置于句首Down came the rain and up went the umbrella.Then followed three days of heavy rain.Out rushed the children laughing loudly.Away flew the plane.2.such位于句首s greatest ntist.Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man and the 2t0 century注：此句型中的such多被认为是表语，所以such后的be动词应与其后真正的 主语保持一致Such are the facts; no one can deny them.二.部分倒装：只把谓语的一部分（助动词，情态动词或be动词）置于主语N刖1.so+ be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语，意为".也是如此"。

They love making lots of friends; so do I.2 .neither/nor+ be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语，意为".也不这样”Lily can t ride a bicycle; neither/nor can Lucy.3 .否定词 never, seldom, nor, not, little, hardly, scarcely等或表示否定意义的介词 短语 at no time,under/in no circumstances, in no case, by no means, on no condition 等置于句首 时Not a single mistake did he make.=He didn ' t make a single mistake.4.only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，且放在句首时Only then did I begin to understand him.Only in this way can we solve the problem.Only after the war did he learn the sad news.5.so…that..和such...that…句式中，so或such及其所修饰的部分置于句首时， 主句用部分倒装。

So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood Such progress did he make that he won much respect.三.形式倒装：在语法上称为前置只把强调的内容提至句首，主谓并不倒装1 .感叹句What an interesting talk they had!=How interesting a talk they had!2 .the+比较级..…,the +比较级.....句型The more you listen to English, the easier it becomes.3 .whatever+ n或however+ adj./adv引导的让步状语从句Whatever reasons you have, you should carry out your promise.However difficult the problem may be, we must work it out this evening.4,as /though引导让步状从，表语、状语、含情态动词的谓语提前，表语为单数名词提前不用冠词。

Young as /though he was, he was successful.Child as /though he is, he knows much.题组训练1. Only when you can find peace in your heart you keep good relationships with others.2. At no time they actually break the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them.3. Only after Mary read her composition the second time she notice the spelling mistake.4. ---It ' s sood. Never before I had such a nice meal!---1 am glad you like it.答案：1. will 2. did 3. did 4. have强调句1 .强调句型的陈述句形式：It is /was +被强调部分+that/who+其他部分。

被强调 部分为 人”时可用who/that,被强调部分是 事物”时用that.It is I who/that am right （强调主语）It was him that/who we met at the school gate.（强调宾语）It was in the park that Tom lost his watch.（强调状语）2 .强调句型的一般疑问句形式：Is/Was it +被强调部分+that/who+其他成分Was it in 1939 that the Second World War broke out?Is it Professor Wang who teaches you English?3 .强调句型的特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词+is/was itthat+其他成分Who was it that broke the window?When was it that you called me yesterday?What is it that you want me to do?4 .有时可用 It might bethat/who….,It must have beenthat/who.…句型表示强调。

It might be his father that/who you' re thinking of.It must have been his brother that/who you saw.5 .not..…until.…结构的强调句型其强调句式为：It is /was not until +被强调部分+that+主句的肯定式He didn ' t go to bed until ten o' clock.It was not until ten o ' clock that he went to bed.I didn ' t realize she afamous film star until she took off her dark glasses.It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.二对谓语动词的强调It is /waswho/that....结构不能强调谓语动词强调谓语动词，用助动词do,does或did加原形Do come this evening.He did write to you last week.Tom does study hard now.三 特殊疑问句中以“the devil “on earth “in the worlcHl究竟；到底”之意来起 强调的作用。

What on earth are you doing.题组训练1. Was because Jack came late for school Mr. Smith got angry?2. It only after he had read the papers Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.3. It was not until I came here I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.4. It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village thehostess cooked such a nice dinner.其他特殊句式一省略与代替(一)定语从句中的省略现象限制性定语从句中宾语的关系代词that ,which, whom常可以省略如She isthe girl (whom/who/that) I would like to work with.(二)状语从句中的省略现象1 .当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，可以省略状语从句中的主语和be动词，这时从句中可以出现下列结构：(1)连词(though, if, when 等)+ 形容词Work hard when (you are) young, or you ' ll regret.(2)连词(as if, while等)+介词短语He looked everywhere as if (he was) in search of something.(3)连词(when, while, though) + 现在分词While (I was) walking along the street, I heard my name called.(4) 连t( when, if, unless, once, thanl^) + 过去分词The exhibition is more interesting than (it was) expected.(5)连词(as if, as though等)+ 不定式He opened his mouth as if (he were) to say something.注：当主从句的宾语一致时，有时也可以这样省略。

如：Her father told her to be careful when (she was) crossing the street.2.当从句中的主语是it,谓语部分又含有be动词时，也可把it和be动词 一起省略，构成 连词(if ,unless, when, whenever^) +形容词”的结构Make a careful plan if (it is) possible.Unless (it is) necessary, you better notdrefer to the dictionary.(三)不定。