倒装句中主谓不发生倒装的几种情况.rtf

倒装句中主谓不倒装的几种情况新疆乌鲁木齐市第 63 中学 唐恩众倒装句是中、高考主要命题范围之一，学习并掌握倒装句是英语学习中一个重要的组成部分英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来现代英语句子的基本语序为 SV 型，即“主语谓语”结构倒装句就是把全部或部分谓语放在主语之前, 以符合某些语法要求或达到某些修辞效果，因此从功能上看，倒装分为“语法倒装” 和“修辞倒装” 从语法角度讲，学习者要知道什么情况下句子需要倒装；从修辞角度讲，要知道怎样倒装才能使句子显得更顺畅在需要倒装的各种句型中，有时主语与谓语并不发生倒装本文对其几种类型和用法进行归纳，以便学习者掌握和运用1在疑问句中，如果疑问词做主语或者作定语修饰主语，主语与谓语不发生倒装例如： What made you so angry? Which way is quicker by bus or by train? How many athletes took part in the 29th Olympic Games? 2陈述式疑问句主语与谓语不发生倒装You dont know the famous writer? Then you know what happened to them later? He went to work with breakfast? 3句首否定词只否定或修饰句子主语，构成主语的一部分时，主语与谓语不发生倒装。

例如： No words can express my grief.Not all the students have read the book.Scarcely a drop of rain fell last month.4如果置于句首的由 only 引导的词组不是状语，而是主语，则主谓不发生倒装例如：Only you can do it.Only some of the children like English.Only five people were hurt in the accident; the rest were uninjured.5置于句首的 Not only but also 连接两个分句时，只在第一个分句用倒装结构如果仅连接做主语的两个并列词组，则主语与谓语不发生倒装例如：Not only you but also I am fond of music.Not only the grandparents but also the aunts, uncles and cousins were there.Not only teachers but also students realize the importance of learning English.6当句首状语为 here, there, now, then, such 等词语置于句首起强调作用, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run 等，句子的主语为人称代词时，主语与谓语不发生倒装。

例如：Here she stopped speaking to wipe her eyes.Where is the man we talked about yesterday? Here he comes. Then he came, followed by some officials. Such a good teacher she is just as we expect. 7如果两句的主语相同, 后句只是进一步肯定或强调前句这时，把副词性替代词 so 提前, 后面的主谓语序不倒装例如：You were invited to that party, werent you? So I was, Id forgotten.Bob didnt know about it. So he didnt.Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.They won the championship five years ago. So they did.8如果前一分句中有几种不同形式的谓语，后一分句表达相同情况时，不能使用 so 引起的倒装句，而要 So it is / was（the same）with -句型，这时主语与谓语不发生倒装。

例如： Jim likes swimming, but doesnt like fishing. So it is with Dick.Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language. So it was with Engels.He was born in 1968 and joined the Party in 1988. So it was the same with my brother.9以 what, how 引导的感叹句，主语与谓语不发生倒装例如：What a lovely birthday present the old lady has received.How I longed for those carefree days!How well he plays the violin.10the more -, the more -倒装结构中，主语与谓语不发生倒装例如：The more you study, the more you know.The harder you work, the greater progress you will make.The earlier we begin our work, the sooner we shall finish it.11从句中关系代词或关系副词倒装, 其主语与谓语不发生倒装。

例如：The postman comes at 6:30 in the morning, at which time I am usually fast asleep.The elephants nose is like a snake, as anybody can see.He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. Antarctic, about which we know very little, is covered with thick ice all the year round.There are times when I wonder why I do this job.Why he is late for class is more than I can tellThose successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity where sight matters more than hearing. 12在 as, though 引导的让步状语从句中，一般将形容词、副词、分词或名词等置于句首，将表语或状语提前，其结构一般为“形容词、副词、分词或名词+ as / though + 主语 + 谓语” 。

例如：Young as I am, I already know what career I want to follow.Busy as he is, he can fulfill the task ahead of schedule. Much as I like you, I couldnt live with you.Woman as she is, she is courageous.Child though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.注意：1) 让步状语从句中有 though 时，后面的主句不能有 but，但是和 yet 或 still 可连用2) 句首名词不能带任何冠词13强调宾语倒装前置，而主语与谓语不发生倒装这种句子类型一般不加助动词，偶尔也有助动词出现例如：Twenty-one dollars they took for it.Only a dictionary he never forgets to bring here.The past one can know, but the future one can only feel.Many happy hours she had spent planning for something nice for him.14在宾语从句为直接引语的句子里，若全部或部分直接引语置于主句之前，主句常用倒装。

若置于主句之后，或主句的主语是代词时，主谓不用倒装例如：“What do you mean?” He asked.He said， “Dont touch anything unless your teacher tells you to.”Her brother grunted， “Im too busy to talk to you.” 15为了生动地描写动作, in, out, away, up, down, off 等将表示动态的副词、方位词、地点状语等置于句首，谓语动词为 go, come 等表示位置转移的动词, 这时句子须倒装如果主语是代词，则主语与谓语不发生倒装此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时例如：Down he jumped from the tenth floor when the policeman pointed his pistol at him.Out they came from under the bed. There she goes now! Over it turns.参考文献1徐广联 大学英语语法 ，华东理工大学出版社，2005 年2Hornby AS 牛津高阶英汉双解词典（第四版增补本） ，商务印书馆，牛津大学出版社 2002 年3包天仁 英语奥林匹克 高三分册吉林教育出版社. 2002 年4http:/ 姓 名： 唐恩众详细地址： 新疆乌鲁木齐市第 63 中学邮政编码： 830019单位名称： 新疆乌鲁木齐市第 63 中学联系方式： 18999152493 0991-6820626 e-mail: 。