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高考英语常用词汇辨析例and高中英语词组固定搭配.doc

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    • 2010 高考英语常用词汇辨析 500 例 W◆ wash/wash away◇ wash 表示“洗(手、衣服等) ” ,既可作及物动词,又可作不及物动词;◇ wash away 表示“冲走” 、 “冲垮” 、 “洗掉” ,作及物动词短语用 [EXERCISES] ①The flood some of the houses in the village. ②He his face and hands,then went downstairs. ③You must before dinner. (Keys: ①washed away ②washed ③wash) ◆ wear;have on;put on;dress;(be)in+颜色(服装、眼镜等)◇ wear 主要用于穿衣服、戴眼镜(手套、首饰、帽)等,以强调“穿(戴)着”的状态例如: Mr Wu always wears a blue coat in winter. 吴老师冬天总是穿着一件蓝色大衣 ◇ have on 作“穿(戴)着”解,同 wear 一样,也表状态,但不用于进行时态。

      例如: Xiao Wang has on a white shirt today. (=Xiao Wang is wearing a white shirt today. ) 小王今天穿着一件白衬衫 ◇ put on 着重强调“穿(戴)上”的动作例如: I like to put on my hat when I go out in winter. 冬天,我喜欢外出时戴上帽子 ◇ dress 既可作及物动词,又可作不及物动词,所接宾语是人而不是衣、帽等物例如: 1)Her mother is dressing her. 她母亲正在给她穿衣服 2)The nurses are dressed in white. 护士穿着白衣服 ◇ “(be)in+颜色或服装、眼镜等”也表示“穿着”的状态,在句中作表语或定语例如: He is in uniform today. 他今天穿着制服 ◆ work on/work at ◇ work on 表示“从事” 、 “创作” 、 “进行” ,后面接名词、代词或 V-ing,强调做具体的事;还可表示“继续工作” 、 “努力说服” ,既可作及物动词短语用,又可作不及物动词短语用。

      例如: Miss Liu is working on a new book.刘老师正在写一部新书 We'll work on till midnight.我们将继续工作到午夜 ◇ work at 表示“致力于” 、 “从事于” 、 “研究” 、 “学习” ,后面接名词、代词或V-ing,强调把时间和精力等用在某一方面的事情上,侧重于说明所从事的工作性质例如: Mr.Zhang is working at a new invention.张先生正从事于一项新的发明 He has worked at this subject for many years.他研究这门学科已经好多年了◆ would do sth.; used to do sth.这两个短语都可以表示“过去经常做某事” ,但区别是:◇ would do sth.表示过去某一段时间内习惯性的行为、活动;used to do sth.在时间上主要是同现在对比,暗含“现在已不这样了”的意思;其后既可接表示动作的动词,也可接表示认知或状态的动词2010 高考英语常用词汇辨析 500 例 V◆ vast; huge两者都是形容词,意思是“巨大的、庞大的” 。

      在强调面积和范围的宽广或博大时,用 vast;指体积或容量等方面“巨大、超过一般标准”时,用huge如:This area is covered in vast forests. 这个地区被一片广阔无垠的森林覆盖That’s a huge ship. 那艘船好大◆ very; right; just 三者都含有“正好;就是”之意,◇ very 是形容词,用来修饰名词,位于 the, this,my 等限定词后;◇ right 和 just 作副词,用来修饰谓语(常为动词 be)或作状语的介词短语等,须放在 the, this,my 等限定词之前如: At the very beginning of this term, they took an exam. 就在学期开始的时候,他们举行了一次考试 He is just the actor I want.他正是我所想要的演员 The police looked at the thief right in the eye.警察目不转睛地盯着小偷 2010 高考英语常用词汇辨析 500 例 U◆ used to; be used to; get used to ◇ used to 意为“过去常常(做某事) ” ,后接动词原形。

      常用来表示今昔对比,含“(现在)已不那样做了”之意如: She used to work hard.她过去工作很努力 (暗指现在工作不努力了 ) ◇ be used to 有两个含义:①“被用来做某事” ,后接动词原形②“习惯于;适应” ,后接名词、代词或 v-ing,表示一种状态如: Computers are used to do many things for people now. 现在计算机被用来做许多事情 He is used to hard work. 他现在习惯于艰苦的工作 She isn’t used to living in the countryside now. 她不习惯在乡下生活 ◇ get used to 意为“习惯于” ,表示一个动作,含“由不适应向适应的转变” ,其后接名词、代词或 v-ing如: You’ll soon get used to the weather here.你很快就会适应这儿的天气 2010 高考英语常用词汇辨析 500 例 T◆ take along; take care of; take place; take out 1) Miss Wang ___ a handkerchief and blew her nose. 2) Mr Zhang ___ some of his pictures in the hope of getting a job there. 3) Since 1996, great changes ___ in our school. 4) My grandmother was ill.I must stay at home to ___ her. 析: ①took out。

      表示“拿出;掏出” ②took along表示“携带;随身带着” ,其中 along 是副词 ③have taken place表示“发生” ,相当于一不及物动词,无被动语态 ④take care of表示“照料;照管;照顾” ◆ tell . . . from; tell . . . between◇ 二者均为习惯用法:tell A from B 意为“区分 A 和 B” ,也可以说成 tell the difference between A and B如:Can you tell American English from British English﹖ 你能分辨出美国英语和英国英语吗?To tell the truth, I really can’t tell the differences between the Maori and American Indians. 老实说,我真的分不清毛利人和印第安人◆ the same as;the same that ◇ the same as 是表示“相似或同一类的人和事”之意例如: Many of the sports were the same as they are now. 过去的很多体育项目和现在的一样。

      This is the same book as Mr Wang lost. 这本书跟王先生丢失的那本一模一样 ◇ 而 the same that 作“同一个人或同一件事”解例如: This is the same book that Mr Wang lost. 这本书就是王先生丢失的那本书That is the same bike that I lost. 那辆自行车就是我丢失的那辆 ◆ think of/think about/think over ◇ 这三个词组都与“想”有关,但所表达的含义有所不同 ◇ think of 多用来指“想起,认为” 如:Last night,before I went to bed,I thought of my parents.昨晚我睡觉前,想起了我的父母 What do you think of that book?你认为那本书怎么样? ◇ think about 多用来指“考虑某事情或对某事进行思考” 如:Think about what you have done!想想你所做的这一切吧! ◇ think over 意思是“仔细考虑,认真思考” 。

      如:Before you answer this question,please think it over.在回答这个问题之前,请认真考虑一下 ◆ this kind of, of this kind ◇ 二者都表示“这种……” ,但“this kind of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的数常与 kind 保持一致;“名词+of this kind”作主语时,谓语动词的数常与该名词保持一致如: This kind of actress is easy to find but directors of this kind are scarce. 这种女演员不难找,可是这种导演却不多见 ◆ though;although;as ◇ 这三个词都可以表示“虽然” 、 “尽管” though 和although 引导让步状语从句时,常可互换,只是 although 的语气更强一些如:Though/Although it was late,the farmers kept on harvesting the crops by the lights of the tractors. ◇ 此外,though 可以用于省略句,although 很少这样用though 引导的从句可以部分倒装,although 引导的从句不用倒装语序。

      如: Though poor, he is always neatly dressed. Poor though I am, I can afford it. ◇ as 表示“虽然” 、 “尽管”引导让步状语从句时,从句要用倒装语序,将表语、状语等置于句首 Tired as he was, he went on working with his workmates. Child as he is, he knows a lot about the computer. 注意:as 引导让步状语从句时,若充当表语的名词位于句首,则该名词前面不用冠词 ◆ through; over; across; into 1) The PLA man jumped ___ the water to save the boy. 2) The highway goes under the river ___ the tunnel. 3) There is a bridge ___ the river. 4) The ship sailed ___ the Atlantic. 5) The students wal。

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