词语的选择、搭配和引申.ppt

汉译英词语的选择、搭配和引申一、词语的选择n分析句子各成分之间的内在关系，在上下文语境中正确理解汉语词语的内涵，同时根据词语在句中的上下文来确定词义，选择用词n发展是硬道理nDevelopment is the primary principle.n假日外出旅游成为了沪上最风行的节目nTraveling on holidays has become an activity popular with people in Shanghai.nTraveling on holidays is most popular with people in Shanghai.n瑞金医院拥有雄厚的医疗技术、科研教学和管理方面的力量nRuijin Hospital boasts sophisticated medical technology, well-qualified administration and research and teaching faculties.n中国正孕育着一个巨大的钻石消费市场nAn enormous diamond market has formed in China.n上海市场去年销售创下历史新高。

nThe sales in Shanghai market was an all-time high last year.n一个国家一定要有稳定的形势，才能把经济建设搞上去nThe stability is essential for the promotion of economic growth in a country.nThe economic growth can only be promoted with the stability of a country.nAny country needs a stable environment for its economic growth.n国企和外企的差距正在缩小nThe gap between the state-owned enterprises and the foreign-funded enterprises is narrowing.n低价电脑大潮在将近五个月的时间里刮遍了整个中国nThe trend of low-price computers (selling computers at low prices) swept across China in about five month.n步入新世纪，我国农业出现一派新气象。

nWith out entry into the new century, the agriculture in China is taking on a new look.n假日经济在我国已经呈现出广阔的发展前景nThe holiday economy has promised remarkable growth.nThe holiday economy has remarkable potential for growth.nThe holiday economy has the prospect of remarkable growth.二、词语的搭配n以“上”字为例n上班上报上膘上场n上当上灯上吊上访n上坟上告上钩上轨道n上火上课上路上马n上门上年纪上任上台n上膛上照上刑上演n上瘾上阵n上班to go to work; to be on dutyn上当to be taken inn上坟to visit a grave to honor the memory of the deadn上火to get angryn上门to visit; to shut the doorn上膛(of a gun) to be loadedn上瘾to be addicted (to sth.)n上报to appear in the newspapern上灯to light the lampn上告to complain to the higher authorities or appeal to a higher courtn上课to attend classn上年纪 to be getting on in yearsn上照to come out well in a photo; to be photogenicn上阵to go into battlen上膘(of animals) to become fatn上吊to hang oneselfn上钩to rise to the baitn上路to set out on a journeyn上任to take up an official postn上刑to put sb. to torturen上场to appear on the stage (court)n上访to apply for an audience with the higher authorities to appeal for helpn上轨道 to get on the right trackn上马to mount a horsen上台to come to powern上演to performn干部要能上能下。

nA cadre should be ready to take a lower as well as a higher post.n这盘棋你上nYou play this game.n一连上了好几道菜nSeveral courses were served in succession.n这事已经上电视了nIt has been publicized on TV.n以“创造”为例ninvent: create by thoughtncreate: in invent sth. new in art, literature, fashion etc. by using your imaginationnbring about: to cause a situation to exist, esp. by working hard for a long timenfoster: help the growth or development of sth.nproduce: make, manufacturen我们的民族将以勇敢勤劳的姿态工作，创造着自己的文明与幸福nFrom now on, our nation will working courageously and industriously to bring about/foster its own civilization and well-being.n他再没有创造出超过他处女作的作品。

nHe had never improved on his first book.n人类自创造音乐的那一刻起，即开始了音乐的传播nThe spread of music began the moment that mankind created it.n电脑的普及为网络走进千家万户创造了条件nThe popularization of computer has paved the way for network’s entry into average families.nThe popularization of computer has made it possible for network to enter into average families.n以“加强”为例n我们要加强优生优育工作，提高人口素质nGreater importance should be attached to prenatal and postnatal care to improve physical quality among population.n必须加强物质文明与精神文明建设nWe should speed up/quicken/accelerate both material progress and cultural and ethical progress.n我们必须加强对农业、对耕地、水、树木、草原、矿产、海鲜、生物等资源的管理和保护。

nWe must tighten our control over and protection of arable land, water, forests, grasslands, mineral, seafood and other biological resources.n总而言之，我们应拿出更多的财力加强基础设施建设，加强高新技术建设，加强现有企业技术改造nIn a word, we should pool more money to strengthen construction in infrastructure, speed up the development of high and new technologies, quicken the technological renovation in the enterprises.三、词语的引申n我当时真的是哭笑不得nAt that moment I didn’t know whether I should cry or laugh. (**)nAt that moment I felt at (a) loss at what to do next.n不要公开与上司唱反调。

nDon’t openly sing a different tune with your superiors. (**)nDon’t openly contradict your superiors.n互联网的出现令媒体感到措手不及nThe appearance of the Internet took the media by surprise.n中国经济取得巨大的发展，中国人民终于扬眉吐气了nChinese people feel proud and elated for the great economic development in China.n哑巴吃黄连，有苦说不出nHe was like the dumb man eating the bitter herb: he had to suffer the bitterness of it in silence.n他心里像有十五个吊桶打水，七上八下nIt was like the sword of Damocles above his head.n参加上海全球财富论坛的代表一直看好中国市场nParticipants in the Shanghai Fortune Global Forum agreed that China’s economy has great potential.nParticipants in the Shanghai Fortune Global Forum agreed that China’s market promises to be thriving.n外资企业日前已经成为浦东新区出口增长的拉动力。

nThe foreign enterprises have promoted the increase in export in the Pudong New Area.n中国是世界经济最活跃的地方之一，浦东是国际资本投资的热土nChina plays an active role in the world economy and Pudong runs hot with the international investment.n日益崛起的超市产业已经成为上海城乡居民生活的好帮手nThe rising supermarkets have conveniently served both the urban and rural residents in Shanghai in their daily life.n硅谷的难题是人才短缺nThe Silicon Valley suffers from the shortage of talents.n上海历来盛情招待来自全世界的游客和客商nShanghai has been hospitable to the tourists and businessmen from all over the world.nShanghai has hosted the tourists and businessmen from all over the world.nShanghai has played host to the tourists and businessmen from all over the world.。