探索小学英语测试命题技术应用.ppt

探索小学英语测试命题技术应用测试的性质n公平公正n练习题不等于测试题n评价是教学的一个环节n测试题目要有教育意义，但主要是评价意义n评价学生会了什么，能做什么n评价对教学的反拨作用考察？考查？探索小学英语测试命题技术应用The three periods 测试的三个阶段1．设计阶段 Design2．编制阶段 Operationalization3． 执行（实施）阶段 Administration 探索小学英语测试命题技术应用The first period: Design 设计阶段nWhat do you want to test? 测量什么？nWhat are your testing objectives?测试的目的 ?nHow many items can you involve in the test?你认为哪些方面是需要测量的？nHow do you want to balance your items?你计划如何分布各个领域的权重？你计划如何赋分？nWhat is your construct validity?你如何体现你的构想效度？nWhat is the impact on your students?nHow many students are to involve in the test? 探索小学英语测试命题技术应用编制阶段OperationalizationnWriting the test blueprint编制测试蓝图nForming the structure of the test确定试卷结构nDesigning the tasks 设计大题nWriting the items设计小题nRevising and constructing the whole test整合试卷nScoring赋分nEditing 编辑、修订探索小学英语测试命题技术应用1．编制测试蓝图A.试卷结构 (Test Structure)(1)试题数量Number of parts and tasks(2)试题重点Salience of parts and tasks(3)试题顺序 Sequence of parts and tasks (4)试题之间的相关性 Relative importance of parts and tasks (5)试题中小题的数量 Number of tasks per part（6）试卷形式The format of the test （7）页码数量The number of pages（8）试卷的大小The size of the test book探索小学英语测试命题技术应用B. 试卷的具体特点Featuresn目的 Purposen构想的界定Definition of constructionn施测的条件与环境Settingn时间分配Time allotmentn指导语Instructionn语言输入的特点Characteristics of Inputn预期学生反馈的特点Characteristicsof expected responsesn计分方法Scoring method探索小学英语测试命题技术应用2.搭建试卷框架n(1)试卷由几个部分( Parts)组成 n(2)部分由几个大题(Tasks)组成 n(3)大题由几个小题(Items)组成 n(4)题型及其测试功能 n(5)知识目标分布 n(6)技能目标分布 n(7)综合应用目标分布 探索小学英语测试命题技术应用形式指标n1）文本的大小n2）文本成分（如试题，附表，附加题）n3）非文本形式（录音，录像等）n4）版式n5）语言的形式n ---- 书面的测试输入信息 ---- 录音的测试输入信息n ---- 指导语的语种 ---- 指导语的年龄关照n ---- 指导语的明确程度n6）图文的配合探索小学英语测试命题技术应用3. 编写试题n(1)选择素材(即原始语料) (2)对应题型 n(3)改写素材 (4)编写试题 n(5)调整难度 (6)修改试题 n(7)整体平衡(各大题难度，内容分布等) n(8)版式设计(文字，图表，图画，注解) n(9)撰写绘图说明或提供草图 n(10)校对(含校对图表和图画)n(11)定第一稿 探索小学英语测试命题技术应用4.整合试卷 (1)全面评价构想效度 (2)局部调整 (3)做题思路检验(试做试题) (4)发现问题 (5)局部改写 (6)局部更换(在成稿后，此步往往被忽略) (7)完成试卷 (8)制备附件(录音稿，答案)探索小学英语测试命题技术应用5. 细化赋分系统n(1)总分 n(2)大题分值及整体权重 n(3)小题分值 n(4)高分值的细分 n(5)不可细分的高分值限度(如写话总分的控制) n(6)最小分值(避免0.5分) n(7)细化赋分与试题总量的关系 探索小学英语测试命题技术应用试题命制的基本原则n试题命制的基本程序n试题命制的基本要求探索小学英语测试命题技术应用试题命制的基本程序1．确定全卷的难度和考点2．根据考点编写确定题干和选项3．写选项（以受试者环绕本题的考 点可能会产生的反应为依据）4．修整题干和选项（简洁、排列）5．调整全卷的难度和答案的分布探索小学英语测试命题技术应用Elements of multiple choice 1）多项选择题的结构 Look! Nancy is ______________ a kite in the park.A. fly B. flies C. flying Stem题干Options选项Distractor干扰项The key答案探索小学英语测试命题技术应用2）题干设计 --- 语境设置：图画、图表、语段--- 要素分析（语言、逻辑、语用）--- 测试点:一题一个 --- 题干调整：简洁，不给暗示探索小学英语测试命题技术应用 situational and meaning. ( (题干调整)Look! Nancy is _____ a kite in the park.A. flyB. flies C. flying Look! Nancy _______ a kite in the park.A. flyB. flies C. is flying _________ is it? It’s my mother’s.A. WhatB. Who C. Whose_________ it? It’s my mother’s.A. What’sB. Who’s C. Whose is探索小学英语测试命题技术应用题干中可能重复出现的单词不要出现在选项中What’s the matter with him?A. His arm hurts B. His shoulder hurts C. His finger hurtsWhat’s the matter with him? His __ hurts. A. arm B. shoulder C. fingerPicture 1探索小学英语测试命题技术应用题干中应避免泄露答案nLook! The monkey has a long __________ . A. short B. tail C. legn在编写试题时，除了避免试题本身泄露答案以外，还应注意一套试题中前后是否泄露前后题答案之处探索小学英语测试命题技术应用避免暗示或错误答案1.The car is _____ than that one.A. big　　B. more big　　C. biger　　D. bigger2.They are ______ the floor.A. sweep B. sweeping C. sweeps D. sweepping探索小学英语测试命题技术应用选项要简洁Where is Ann going? A. She is going to the zoo. B. She is going to the park. C. She is going to the museum.Listening 探索小学英语测试命题技术应用试题命制的基本要求1．语言正确、地道、得体、简洁 语言测试以何为纲？ 意义（信息），还是形式（语码）？2．避免由于文化等造成的偏颇性3．考点明确4 ．避免出诡题（tricky items）5 ．避免透露答案线索 探索小学英语测试命题技术应用避免由于文化等造成的偏颇性 It’s one of the biggest cities in America. A. New York B. Beijing C. Toronto探索小学英语测试命题技术应用情景与语言的得体周末妈妈要带你去溜冰,在商场买溜冰鞋时,售货员问你……A. How big are your feet?B. How tall are you?C. How big are your hands?探索小学英语测试命题技术应用情景与语言的得体When you are doing shopping for skating, the sales girl asks：A. What’s the size of your shoes?B. Where did you get the coat?C. How big are your bags?探索小学英语测试命题技术应用考点明确n考点应属于本大题的测试领域 n立足于每题只考一个考点，或考能够糅合为一的多个考点（考点因素），但必须避免牵扯不相关、互相干扰的考点n每题无论是一个或几个考点，但考点必须明确探索小学英语测试命题技术应用 Lucy ___ to school by bus. ____mother goes to work on foot. A. goes, His B. goes, Her C. is going, ShenLucy goes to school by bus，and ___ mother goes to work on foot. A. his B. her C. theirnLucy __ to school by bus, but her mother goes to work on foot. A. goes B. go C. is going探索小学英语测试命题技术应用考点？ Jack’s uncle is _____astronaut. ____ is 40. A. a, She B. the, She C. an, HeWe _____ be good to wild animals. We ____ hunt them.A. shouldn’t… should B. should… shouldn’t C. should … should探索小学英语测试命题技术应用答案的唯一Do you have ________water? Yes, I do.A. some B. any C. a-- Do you have ________water? -- Yes, I do.A. some/any B. little C. few探索小学英语测试命题技术应用干扰项的命制（MCMC）n选择项不能互相牵连、覆盖n选择项尽可能一致（长短、结构、类属、难度） 探索小学英语测试命题技术应用选择项的一致3. How do Chinese people celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival? A. They have a big dinner with their family, enjoy the moon and the moon cakes and tell the story of Chang’e .B. Give thanks to God.C. People eat turkey and pumpkin pies. 探索小学英语测试命题技术应用Listen and choose（根据录音选择正确答案，读三遍）1. After you play some sport, you feel________. A. thirsty B. hungry C. tired2. So you want to _______. A. have a meal B. drink some water or juice C. have a rest3. Anything cold is ________for your stomach. A. good B. warm C. bad4.If you are ill, your parents will ________you. A. worry about B. talk to C. look at5.If you are ill, you can’t _______________. A. go to school B. play outside C. A and BA or B×选项的牵连、覆盖、穿帮探索小学英语测试命题技术应用选项排列方式要适当nA. B. C. D.n A. C. A. B. B. D. C. D.nA. B. C. D. 探索小学英语测试命题技术应用4）设计失误分析n--- 题干无语境n--- 题干过短，题支过长n--- 随意干扰n--- 干扰性过弱n--- 各干扰项的内容交叉：无法选n--- 选项长度失衡n--- 题干包含多余信息探索小学英语测试命题技术应用不同题型试题的命制n试题的指示语n听力理解试题n语言知识考查试题n阅读理解试题n书面表达试题探索小学英语测试命题技术应用试题的指示语n听力部分n笔试部分n听力部分n语言知识部分n语言综合运用部分探索小学英语测试命题技术应用试题的指示语n看图听短文，想一想大家在做什么，将人物与事情用线条连接。

短文读三遍nListen and choose (听对话，想一想对话中人物谈论了什么事情，根据问句选择相应的答语，将标号填写在括号内每段对话读三遍) 简洁、明晰探索小学英语测试命题技术应用试题的指示语n看图听短文，想一想大家在做什么，将人物与事情用线条连接短文读三遍n看图听独白，将人物与事情连线短文读三遍简洁、明晰探索小学英语测试命题技术应用试题的指示语nListen and choose (听对话，想一想对话中人物谈论了什么事情，根据问句选择相应的答语，将标号填写在括号内每段对话读三遍)n听对话回答问题每段对话读三遍 [将答案的标号填写在括号内]简洁、明晰探索小学英语测试命题技术应用试题的指示语 听短文，根据短文内容选择正确答案短文读三遍 ( )1. Name A. JohnB. JackC. Joe( )2. AgeA. 8B. 9C. 10明晰？听5段对话，回答5个问题听第二段对话，回答2、3题探索小学英语测试命题技术应用试题的指示语将左右两边相关联的词用线连接起来 visit the flowers cook the violin play the phone water dinner answer grandparents A组B组探索小学英语测试命题技术应用试题的指示语将A、B栏中的动词与名词搭配连线。

A B visit the flowers cook the violin play the phone water dinner answer grandparents 探索小学英语测试命题技术应用试题的指示语nameagefavorite foodHow many brothers does she have?What do they often do after school?play一致性探索小学英语测试命题技术应用试题的指示语nameagefavorite foodHow many brothersAfter school activitiesplayNameAgeFavorite一致性探索小学英语测试命题技术应用Listen and number(根据你听到的单词为下面的图标出顺序号，读两遍10%)明确？探索小学英语测试命题技术应用听力理解试题n选材的多样化与语言的真实性n设计在倾听中能够解决的问题n听力理解试题的难度与区分度设计探索小学英语测试命题技术应用听力理解微技能n理解主旨和要义n获取具体的、事实性的信息n对所听内容作出判断n理解说话者的意图、观点和态度探索小学英语测试命题技术应用听力理解试题n边听边选n听后答题n听后做事n边听边记笔记探索小学英语测试命题技术应用直接性还是间接性的考题？一．判断下列单词的划线部分的发音是否相同，把与其它三个不同的字母代号填在括号里。

每题1分，共5分) ( ) 1. A. name B. take C. same D. map( ) 2. A. word B. short C. world D. workWhen? Why?探索小学英语测试命题技术应用设计不同层面的问题Where is the man? A. He is in a restaurant. B. He is in a hospital. C. He is in a shop.探索小学英语测试命题技术应用设计不同层面的问题nWhere is the man? A. In a restaurant. B. In a hospital. C. Is in a shop.nWhat are they talking about?nWhat are they going to do next?探索小学英语测试命题技术应用 Look at this boy. He is from England. And he lives in London. His name is Tom and he is 12 years old. Tom is an active boy. He is crazy about basketball and he can play it very well. Sometimes he plays basketball with Happy – his pet dog. Tom’s favourite colour is blue. So he always wears a blue T-shirt or blue jeans. He wants to make new friends with Chinese children. You can write e-mail to him. This is his e-mail address: . NameAgeHobbyPet animalFavorite colorE-mail addressHappy*2 @探索小学英语测试命题技术应用Spot dictation Mr. Green is our _______ teacher. He is from America. He’s ______. He’s over thirty years old. He likes_________ very much. After ______ he often plays it with us. He is _______. He usually tells us stories in class. He can speak a little _________. We like him very much.探索小学英语测试命题技术应用Spot dictation Mr. Green is our English teacher. He is from America. He’s tall. He’s over thirty years old. He likes football very much. After class he often plays it with us. He is funny. He usually tells us stories in class. He can speak a little Chinese. We like him very much.探索小学英语测试命题技术应用语言知识考查试题n测什么？ 知道 理解 应用“人们日常说的、写的英语语法”“有意义的、真实的语法”“产出性的语法”探索小学英语测试命题技术应用语言知识考查试题n如何测？不是再现语法知识，而是考查考生是否理解和运用在特定的社会交际情境中说话人所要运用语言和所要表达的意义、态度等。

探索小学英语测试命题技术应用学会了，能做什么？读单词，将单词根据字典中的顺序，用数字排列出来pipe， hole, fire, visit, animal ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 探索小学英语测试命题技术应用Banked MCA. Good morning! B. Can you tell me the way to the post office?C. Can I take your order, please? D. Can I help you? E. Who’s that?A: Hello.B: Hello. May I speak to Lucy?A: This is Lucy speaking. _________B: It’s Sam here. 五组对话探索小学英语测试命题技术应用1. This ___________ is fat. 2. He has to ______________.3. The ball is ________the chair.4. I have a pink _________.5. She has to____________.6. He is ____________.7. She is a __________. 8. I have to __________.A. walk the dog B. make his bed C. dress D. teacher E. swimming F. panda G. under H. feed the fish 学会了什么？能做什么？考点？探索小学英语测试命题技术应用答案的惟一？---What is your favorite subject? Why?---____________________________A. English. It’s the most interesting subject. B. Science. It’s the most difficult subject.探索小学英语测试命题技术应用阅读理解试题选材n阅读量的要求n语篇质的要求n语言和文体的要求n内容要求可读性信息探索小学英语测试命题技术应用阅读理解试题试题命制n考点的以信息为目标n以未知信息为考点n探问多种层次，多种范畴的信息生词标注原则探索小学英语测试命题技术应用阅读理解微技能n理解主旨和要义n理解文中具体信息n根据上下文推断生词的词义n作出判断和推理n理解文章的基本结构n理解作者的意图、观点和态度试题示例探索小学英语测试命题技术应用True-false items是非题（1）背景信息的设置听觉信息 n足够的事实 n具体事实之间的细微差异 n时间和空间的信息 n参与人的信息 n情景的具体要素 n听时可能发生的误解 探索小学英语测试命题技术应用文字信息n信息分布 n单位信息的异同 n语言表述的差异 n深层信息 探索小学英语测试命题技术应用图表设置 n信息的有序安排 n重要信息和次要信息的比例 n图表中的语言形式 图画信息 n信息分布 n图画中不同类型的信息 n构图要素 n文字与图画的关系与整合探索小学英语测试命题技术应用(2)是非陈述的设计n语言正误判断 n局部信息错误点的设置n整体信息错误点的设置n正误比例数量的设置探索小学英语测试命题技术应用 She has a cat. She likes playing with it. But She’s seven now and her father tells her to go to school. The teachers do not let her take the cat to the classroom. She has to leave it at home. So she doesn’t want to listen to her teachers and can’t answer questions. Now Class Three is having math. “What’s two and two, Sue?” She can’t answer. “Your mother gives you two pencils. I give you two, too. How many pencils do you have?” “Five, Miss Green. “You’re wrong! You have four.” “I don’t think so. I have one in my pencil-box.”探索小学英语测试命题技术应用 1. Sue has a dog. 2. Sue’s seven now.3. She has to leave it at school.4. Sue and her classmate are having math.5. “How many pencils do you have?” her teacher asks her. 探索小学英语测试命题技术应用 1. Sue doesn’t listen to her father. 2. The maths teacher asks a question.3. Sue thinks two and two is four.4. Sue is not very clever.5. Sue likes her cat and doesn’t like her math teacher.Can you make another set of sentences?探索小学英语测试命题技术应用 1. Sue is seven and she wants to go to school. 2. The math teacher asks an easy question.3. Sue thinks two and two is four.4. Sue is not interested in math.5. Sue likes her cat and doesn’t like her math teacher.探索小学英语测试命题技术应用书面表达试题探索小学英语测试命题技术应用。