考研英语核心词汇真题语境详解.doc

　　A　　abandon★　　构词a不+ban禁止+don给予→不禁止给出去→放弃　　vt. 1.give up completely放弃　　2.forsake，desert 遗弃, 丢弃　　3.yield completely to 放肆, 放纵; 沉湎于　　n. freedom from worry or inhibitions放肆; 放纵; 尽情; 任意　　真题连线2001 Passage 5　　Abandoning the doctrine of “juggling your life”, and making the alternative move into “downshifting” brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status. 放弃“忙忙碌碌”的生活哲学，转而过一种“放慢生活节奏”的生活所带来的回报，比经济成功和社会地位更有价值　　absolute★　　构词ab不+solute松开→决不松开→绝对的　　plete; total绝对的; 完全的, 纯粹的,确实的　　2.unrestricted; unlimited; unqualified无条件的, 不受限制的　　3.having unlimited power 专制的, 独断的　　4.certain; undoubted 确实的, 肯定的　　真题连线2001 Passage 5　　My experiment in what the Americans term “downshifting” has turned my tired excuse into an absolute reality. 我这个被美国人称为“放慢生活节奏”的试验，却使我老掉牙的借口变成了绝对的现实。

　　absorb★　　构词ab表强调+sorb吸→吸引　　vt.1.to take sth in through 吸收　　2.include sth/sb as part of; merge with 并吞　　3.hold the interest of sb fully使(精神)贯注　　习惯用语be absorbed by 被…吞并, 为…所吸收　　be absorbed in 全神贯注在…, 一心从事, 热衷于　　absorb sb.’s attention 吸引某人注意　　真题连线2007 Part C　　Sharpening judgment by absorbing and reflecting on law is a desirable component of a journalist’s intellectual preparation for his or her career.通过并运用法律来提高判断能力是一名新闻记者为其职业生涯做好知识准备的一个重要组成部分　　absorbed★　　构词ab.表强调+sorb吸+ed形容词后缀→被吸引的→全神贯注的;专心的　　a.wholly involved or occupied; engrossed 热衷的，专注的　　真题连线2006 Text 1　　People are absorbed into “a culture of consumption”launched by the 19th-century department stores that offered vast arrays of goods in an elegant atmosphere. 人们被一种消费文化所吸引，这种文化是由十九世纪在高雅的氛围中陈列着琳琅满目的商品的百货商店所发起的。

　　abstract★　　构词abs离开+tract拉，拖→拉出，抽　　a.1.existing in thought but not having practical抽象的; 理论上的, 不现实的　　2.difficult to understand;深奥的;难以理解的　　vt. 1.to take away; remove抽取;拿走　　2.to summarize;概括;归纳　　n.摘要，梗概　　链接abstracteda.心不在焉的　　abstractionn.提取　　习惯用语in the abstract 抽象地, 观念上, 理论上; make an abstract of 把…的要点摘录下来　　真题连线2003 英译汉　　Thus, the anthropological concept of “culture”, like the concept of “set” in mathematics, is an abstract concept which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding. 因此，人类学中的“文化”概念就像数学中“集”的概念一样，是一个抽象概念。

它使大量的具体研究和认识成为可能　　abundant★　　构词ab 表强调+und波动+ant形容词后缀→多得象波浪一样→丰富的　　a.plentiful大量的，充足的，丰富的　　习惯用语abundant in富于…;…很丰富　　真题连线2005 Text 1　　Feelings of righteous indignation, it seems, are not the preserve of people alone. Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. 不公平而引起的愤怒感似乎不是人类的专利拒绝接受较少的酬劳可以让这些情绪准确无误地传达给其它成员　　abuse★　　构词ab 偏离+use用→偏离正常使用→滥用　　v.1.to use wrongly or improperly; misuse乱用，滥用　　2.to hurt or injure by maltreatment虐待，伤害　　n.1.improper use or handling; misuse 误用;恶习　　2.physical maltreatment虐待，伤害　　真题连线1997 Passage 3　　The phrase “substance abuse” is often used instead of “drug abuse” to make clear that substances such as alcohol and tobacco can be just as harmfully misused as heroin and cocaine. 他们常用“物质滥用”而不用“药物滥用”来清楚表明滥用酒精、烟草这样的物质如同滥用海洛因和可卡因一样有害。

　　accelerate★　　构词ac表方向 +celer快，速+ate动词后缀→加速　　vt.1.to increase the speed of 加速，促进，加快…的速度　　2.cause to occur sooner than expected使比预期发生的要早　　链接acceleration n.加速，增速　　真题连线2001英译汉　　According to BT’s futurologist，Ian Pearson，these are among the developments scheduled for the first few decades of the new millennium(a period of 1000years)，when supercomputers will dramatically accelerate progress in all areas of life. 根据英国电讯公司的未来学家伊恩·皮尔逊的看法，上述种种科研成就均属新千年的最初几十年内的开发项目之列，届时超级计算机将大大加快人类生活各个领域里的进步　　access★　　构词ac表方向+cess走过去→接近　　n.1.means of approaching or entering (a place)(接近或进入某地的)方法; 通路;入口　　2.opportunity or right to use sth or approach sb接近某人的机会或权利;到达，享有权　　v.存取　　真题连线2008 Text 2　　The Internet—and pressure from funding agencies, who are questioning why commercial publishers are making money from governmentfunded research by restricting access to it—is making access to scientific results a reality. 网络——连同来自于投资机构的压力，他们质疑为什么商业出版商通过限制人们的使用来从政府资助的科学研究中获利——使免费接触到科学成果成为一个现实。

　　accessible★　　构词access+ible形容词后缀→可接近的　　a.1.easily approached or entered易接近的，易进入的　　2.easily obtained易得到的　　3.easy to talk to or get along with易相处的　　真题连线2002英译汉　　As the interaction between organism and environment has come to be understood，however，effects once assigned to states of mind，feelings，and traits are beginning to be traced to accessible conditions. 然而，由于人(生物)和环境之间的相互作用已经逐渐被人们所认识，所以现在正开始从已知的环境去寻找一度认为是心态、情感和性格特征所造成的影响其根源所在　　accommodation★　　构词ac表强调+com共同+mod方式，模式，风度+ ion名词后缀→住处, 膳宿　　n.1.the act of accommodating or the state of being accommodated; adjustment适应　　2.something that meets a need; a convenience.方便，方便设施　　3.a seat, compartment, or room on a public vehicle.座位，车厢，房间　　习惯用语come to an accommodation达到和解, 达到妥协　　真题连线2002 Text 1　　He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. 他看到了豪华的住宅、美丽的花园、晴朗的天气等等。

　　accomplish★　　构词ac表强调+com共同+pli满，填满+ish动词后缀→全部弄满→完成　　vt.to reach the en。