
(完整word)岩土专业英语词汇.doc
12页完整word)岩土专业英语词汇岩土工程常用英语词汇 一. 综合类 1geotechnical engineering岩土工程 2.foundation engineering基础工程 3soil, earth土 4soil mechanics土力学 cyclic loading周期荷载 unloading卸载 reloading再加载 viscoelastic foundation粘弹性地基 viscous damping粘滞阻尼 shear modulus剪切模量 5.soil dynamics土动力学 6stress path应力路径 7numerical geotechanics 数值岩土力学 二 土的分类 1.residual soil残积土 groundwater level地下水位 2groundwater 地下水 groundwater table地下水位 3clay minerals粘土矿物 4.secondary minerals次生矿物 5landslides滑坡 6bore hole columnar section钻孔柱状图 7.engineering geologic investigation工程地质勘察 8。
boulder漂石 9.cobble卵石 10gravel砂石 11.gravelly sand砾砂 12.coarse sand粗砂 13.medium sand中砂 14fine sand细砂 15.silty sand粉土 16clayey soil粘性土 17clay粘土 18.silty clay粉质粘土 19.silt粉土 20.sandy silt砂质粉土 21clayey silt粘质粉土 22.saturated soil饱和土 23unsaturated soil非饱和土 24fill (soil)填土 25.overconsolidated soil超固结土 26.normally consolidated soil正常固结土 27.underconsolidated soil欠固结土 28zonal soil区域性土 29soft clay软粘土 30expansive (swelling) soil膨胀土 31peat泥炭 32.loess黄土 33.frozen soil冻土 三. 土的基本物理力学性质 1cc compression index 2.cu undrained shear strength 3.cu/p0 ratio of undrained strength cu to effective overburden stress p0 (cu/p0)NC ,(cu/p0)oc subscripts NC and OC designated normally consolidated and overconsolidated, respectively 4.cvane cohesive strength from vane test 5.e0 natural void ratio 6。
Ip plasticity index 7.K0 coefficient of “at-rest ”pressure ,for total stressesσ1 andσ2 8K0’ domain for effective stressesσ1 ‘ andσ2’ 9K0n K0 for normally consolidated state 10.K0u K0 coefficient under rapid continuous loading ,simulating instantaneous loading or an undrained condition 11K0d K0 coefficient under cyclic loading(frequency less than 1Hz),as a pseudo— dynamic test for K0 coefficient 12kh ,kv permeability in horizontal and vertical directions, respectively 13.N blow count, standard penetration test 14.OCR over—consolidation ratio 15。
pc preconsolidation pressure ,from oedemeter test 16p0 effective overburden pressure 17p s specific cone penetration resistance, from static cone test 18qu unconfined compressive strength 19U, Um degree of consolidation ,subscript m denotes mean value of a specimen 20.u ,ub ,um pore (water) pressure, subscripts b and m denote bottom of specimen and mean value, respectively 21.w0 wL wp natural water content, liquid and plastic limits, respectively 22σ1,σ2 principal stresses, σ1 ‘ andσ2' denote effective principal stresses 23。
Atterberg limits阿太堡界限 24.degree of saturation饱和度 25.dry unit weight干重度 26.moist unit weight湿重度 27.saturated unit weight饱和重度 28effective unit weight有效重度 29density密度 pactness密实度 31maximum dry density最大干密度 32.optimum water content最优含水量 33.three phase diagram三相图 34tri—phase soil三相土 35.soil fraction粒组 36.sieve analysis筛分 37.hydrometer analysis比重计分析 38.uniformity coefficient不均匀系数 39coefficient of gradation级配系数 40fine-grained soil(silty and clayey)细粒土 41.coarse— grained soil(gravelly and sandy)粗粒土 42Unified soil classification system土的统一分类系统 43.ASCE=American Society of Civil Engineer美国土木工程师学会 44。
AASHTO= American Association State Highway Officials美国州公路官员协会 45.ISSMGE=International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 国际土力学与岩土工程学会 四. 渗透性和渗流 1Darcy’s law 达西定律 2piping管涌 3.flowing soil流土 4.sand boiling砂沸 5.flow net流网 6.seepage渗透(流) 7.leakage渗流 8.seepage pressure渗透压力 9.permeability渗透性 10seepage force渗透力 11hydraulic gradient水力梯度 12.coefficient of permeability渗透系数 五 地基应力和变形 1soft soil软土 2negative) skin friction of driven pile打入桩(负)摩阻力 3.effective stress有效应力 4total stress总应力 5。
field vane shear strength十字板抗剪强度 6low activity低活性 7sensitivity灵敏度 8triaxial test三轴试验 9foundation design基础设计 10recompaction再压缩 11.bearing capacity承载力 12soil mass土体 13contact stress (pressure)接触应力(压力) 14concentrated load集中荷载 15.a semi—infinite elastic solid半无限弹性体 16.homogeneous均质 17isotropic各向同性 18.strip footing条基 19square spread footing方形独立基础 20.underlying soil (stratum ,strata)下卧层(土) 21dead load =sustained load恒载 持续荷载 22live load活载 23short –term transient load短期瞬时荷载 24long—term transient load长期荷载 25.reduced load折算荷载 26.settlement沉降 27.deformation变形 28.casing套管 29。
dike=dyke堤(防) 30.clay fraction粘粒粒组 31.physical properties物理性质 32.subgrade路基 33.well—graded soil级配良好土 34.poorly-graded soil级配不良土 35normal stresses正应力 36.shear stresses剪应力 37principal plane主平面 38.major (intermediate, minor) principal stress最大(中、最小)主应力 39Mohr—Coulomb failure condition摩尔—库仑破坏条件 40FEM=finite element method有限元法 41.limit equilibrium method极限平衡法 42.pore water pressure孔隙水压力 43.preconsolidation pressure先期固结压力 44modulus of compressibility压缩模量 45.coefficent of compressibility压缩系数 pression index压缩指数。
