针对托福阅读中常见的问题解答.doc

针对托福阅读中常见的问题解答 针对托福阅读中常见的问题解答 1.如何合理利用技巧完成托福阅读? 参加托福考试的考试一般集中在高中生.大学生,词汇量在四五千左右,他们在接触托福阅读的时候会遇到很多生词,尤其是分门别类的学科词汇,分为地理.天文.生物学.动物学四大块,学员就会有很多的误解,到底应该掌握多少词汇才能做好托福阅读.其实只要确定好中心词汇和构架词汇的区别,对学科词汇只需要认知,对构架词汇需要熟知.在技巧中只需要通过分解句型,由于托福阅读特别长,每个都是长连句分析,把它按照逻辑分解之后,按照关键词,找到重点部分,后找到简洁的出题主干,就很容易理解了. 2.在读托福阅读文章时应该采用什么顺序和方法? 读文章一般都是先看题目再读文章.看题目的话,托福和雅思的区别就在于要我们自己去定位,因为每个题目都是按照文章的顺序顺延下来的,只是在后一个小结题目的时候需要翻开前面的文章,重点读每一段的首末句找到它. 3.平时再教学中,学生做托福阅读试题时有什么常见的误区吗? 大多数学生的问题都在于对句子的理解,尤其是复合句,学生无法理解整个句子,而是会按照个别的单次来分散,造成句子理解的中断.我们在教导的时候会把句子分解,让学生去看句子的构架,这样学生去找主干的话就会容易的多了.由于托福阅读中,一长段的内容实际上有效信息并不多,要从中找出有效信息就需要对句型有了解,只看独立的词就无法理解意思. 4.托福阅读是需要六级以上的词汇量才能得到相对较高的分数吗?为什么? 学生考过六级之后不一定能在托福上获得高分,六级和托福的考试还是有非常大的区别.六级的词汇量是考托福起码的一个基础.因为六级背诵的大多数是构架词汇,这些是需要熟练的.如果有六级词汇的基础,后续学习中基础提高也会比较快. 托福阅读真题原题+题目 Rent control is the system whereby the local government tells building owners how much they can charge their tenants in rent. In the United States, rent controls date back to at least World War II. In _43 the federal government imposed rent controls to help solve the problem of housing shortages during wartime. The federal program ended after the war, but in some locations, including New York City, controls continued. Under New York s controls, a landlord generally cannot raise rents on apartments as long as the tenants continue to renew their leases. In places such as Santa Monica, California, rent controls are more recent. They were spurred by the inflation of the _70 s, which, combined with California s rapid population growth, pushed housing prices, as well as rents, to record levels. In _79 Santa Monica s municipal government ordered landlords to roll back their rents to the levels charged in _78. Future rents could only go up by two-thirds as much as any increase in the overall price level. In any housing market, rental prices perform three functions: (1) promoting the efficient maintenance of e_isting housing and stimulating the construction of new housing, (2) allocating e_isting scarce housing among competing claimants, and (3) rationing use of e_isting housing by potential renters. One result of rent control is a decrease in the construction of new rental units. Rent controls have artificially depressed the most important long-term determinant of profitability — rents. Consider some e_amples. In a recent year in Dallas, Te_as, with a _ percent rental vacancy rate but no rent control laws, _,000 new housing units were built. In the same year, in San Francisco, California, only 2,000 units were built. The major difference? San Francisco has only a 1.6 percent vacancy rate but stringent rent control laws. In New York City, e_cept for government-subsidized construction, the only rental units being built are lu_ury units, which are e_empt from controls. In Santa Monica, California, new apartments are not being constructed. New office rental space and commercial developments are, however. They are e_empt from rent controls. 1. What does the passage mainly discuss? (A) The construction of apartments in the United States. (B) Causes and effects of rent control (C) The fluctuations of rental prices (D) The shortage of affordable housing in the United States. 2. The word They in line 9 refers to (A) the tenants (B) their leases (C) places (D) rent controls. 3. Which of the following was NOT a reason for the introduction of rent controls in Santa Monica,California? (A) rapid population growth (B) inflation (C) economic conditions during wartime (D) record-high housing prices 4. The phrase roll back in line _ is closest in meaning to (A) credit (B) measure (C) vary (D) reduce 5. The word stimulating in line _ is closest in meaning to (A) e_perimenting with (B) identifying (C) estimating (D) encouraging 6. It can be inferred that the purpose of rent control is to (A) protect tenants (B) promote construction (C) increase vacancy rates (D) decrease sales of rental units 7. The word depressed in line _ is closest in meaning to (A) saddened (B) created (C) lowered (D) defeated 8. The information in the last paragraph supports which of the following statements? (A) San Francisco has eliminated its rent control laws. (B) Rent control leads to a reduction in the construction of housing units (C) Lu_ury apartments are rarely built when there is rent control (D) There is a growing need for government-subsidized housing. 9. According to the passage , which of the following cities does NOT currently have rent controls? (A) Santa Monica (B) Dallas (C) San Francisco (D) New York City 10. The word stringent in line 23 is closest in meaning 。