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辅音——辅音概述及其发音技巧.doc

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    • 辅音——辅音概述及其发音技巧1. 辅音概述2.2 辅音[t] [d] 发音方法[t] 嘴巴张开,软颚抬起,舌尖抵住上齿龈,气流通道完全阻塞,空气从肺部压出,舌尖离开齿龈,气流突然从口腔冲出,从而形成爆破音,声带不振动[d] 主音同[t]相同,只不过送气的力量较弱,声带振动7 辅音[ʃ] [ʒ] 发音方法[ʃ] 舌尖和舌面抬向齿龈后部,舌身弓起,上下齿合拢或相当靠近,口不要张太大,发音时舌面与齿龈之间的空隙狭窄,但比发[s]时要大些,而舌身与硬颚之间的气流通道比发[s]时要窄,双唇前伸并外翻,软颚抬起,声带不振动多数人发该音时舌尖抬向齿龈,但有些人却只将舌面抬起,而把舌尖放低这两种发音实际音效上听不出任何差异还有些人发音时将双唇展平,这种方式下发出的音在效果上显得比正常的[ʒ]更“清晰”[ʒ] 主音同[ʃ]音类似,只是送气弱一些,声带要振动误读:北方同学注意不要同汉语拼音 shi 和 ri 相混,南方同学注意不要同 xi 和 yi 相混Listen and repeat. 词首:share, shed, ship, shore, shoe, shine, show, sheet, shake, shower,genre, Jacque词中:fissure, mention, voracious, vicious, usher,vision, azure, pleasure, visual, usual, treasure, measure, mirage, seizure词尾:lavish, fish, dish, stash, Spanish, rush, harsh, wash, wish, fresh,garage, mirage, massage, collage, beige, prestigeListen and repeat. Notice the sound [ʃ] and [ʒ] in the sentences.[ʃ](1) Shirley went to shop with her sister.(2) Have you had some fish for lunch?(3) This shop sells the latest fashion of shorts and shirts.(4) She showed me some machine-made horse-shoes.(5) Mr. Mash sells fish and shellfish fresh from the ocean.[ʒ](1) What’s on the television?(2) He treasures the watch his father gave him.(3) As usual, he is late.(4) What do you usually do on Sundays?(5) Don’t make a decision in such a hurry.(6) I have met Mr. White on several occasions.(7) He remained calm in the confusion of battle.(8) Have you ever had visions of great wealth and success?(9) It’s a pleasure to meet you.(10) The tailor measured me for a suit.2.8 辅音[ts] [dz] 发音方法[ts] 舌身要放在[s]的位置上,舌尖还要抵住上齿龈。

      气流从肺部压出,舌不要过于迅速地从齿龈离开,舌刚离开时有爆破,在移开的过程中能听见短促的[s]音发音时声带不振动[dz] 主音同[ts]音相同,只不过声带要振动误读:这一组辅音的发音十分简单,与汉语拼音c和z很接近,但送气略有不同,注意发音方法描述its hands词尾:sits hits its bites fights heats feats lots coats potsWords beads kids threshold prudes odds birds ends hides ridesListen and repeat. Notice the sound [ts] and [dz] in the sentences.[ts](1) He gets up at 7.(2) Parrots can be trained to imitate human speech.(3) It’s not easy being parents.(4) The farm products from Heilongjiang are good.(5) There are all sorts of things on the shelves.[dz](1) There are four periods.(2) These beds are for children.(3) It leads to a war.(4) He reminds me of his brother.(5) Keats wants some cards and boards.2.9 辅音[tr] [dr] 发音方法[tr] 舌身要放在发[r]音的位置上,舌尖抵住齿龈后部,气流从肺部压出,舌不宜过速地离开齿龈,在刚离开时有爆破,在离开的过程中能听见[r]音,发音时声带没有振动。

      [dr] 主音同[tr]音相同,只不过声带要振动误读:有些中国同学分不清这组音同[tʃ] [dʒ]的区别注意发音时要圆唇,同时舌头闭气的部位较[tʃ] [dʒ]略前tree dryListen and repeat. 词首:trial, trip, treasure, translate, troy, tree, treat, tread, track,true,drive, dry, drag, dress, drove, drink, dream, dreary, drown词中:interest, extra, struggle, stress, strange, streak, straw,strength, strike, industry词尾:不出现Listen and repeat. Notice the sound [tr] and [dr] in the words.[tr](1) Have a try!(2) A ditch is trenched for irrigation.(3) Does your dog know any trick?(4) They are planting trees.(5) Trudy’s dream has come true at last.[dr](1) How were they dressed?(2) Beijing has taken dramatic changes.(3) He often dreams(4) It drizzled all day.(5) I had a strange dream on the train..10 辅音[tʃ] [dʒ] 发音方法[tʃ] 软颚抬起,舌尖和舌面抬起,气流通道完全阻塞,空气从肺部压出。

      舌一离开齿龈,气流便从口腔冲出,当舌移开时,必须在后面的任何一个音发出之前能够听到同部位的摩擦音[ʃ],声带不振动[dʒ] 主音同[tʃ]音相同,只不过声带要振动误读:北方同学注意不要同汉语拼音chi和zhi 相混,南方同学注意不要同q和j相混词首:chance, chalk, chief, chest, choice, cheap, chip, chest, chat, chop,Jack, jacket, jeep, gymnastic, geography, germ, Jane, join, joke, judge词中:discharge, entrenchment, richer, picture, torture, biology, gadget, rejoin, major, margin词尾:which, sandwich, hatch, rich, inch, reach,torch, march, itch,hedge, age, sewage, beverage, charge, forge, urge, lodge, badge, large2.12 辅音[r] 发音方法舌尖抬向齿龈后部,舌身放低,舌前部伸向上颚,整个舌边卷缩成凹型。

      上下齿张度大小并不重要,上下齿大大张开也能发出这个音发音时软颚抬起,声带振动发这个辅音时双唇略为突出并收圆为好,在重读时尤其是这样事实上通常称作[r]音的音很多,我们在这里主要描述的是在英语中最常用的摩擦音[r]误读:汉语发音中没有这个辅音,很多中国同学按照汉语拼音r的读法来读这个音,实际上汉语的读法更接近英语中的[ʒ],因此中国同学读出的rose,听起来像“肉丝”;road,听起来像“肉的”而安徽,浙江,及江苏南部的同学注意,发音时舌头千万不要接触硬腭,不然会同[l]音混发rose road river richRobert Rally rolled a round roll around the round road.Listen and repeat. 词首:rare, repair, rent, repay, replace, report, republic, round,wrong, respect, read, red, rid, rod, room, rude, right, wrote, rain词中:Taurus, merry, merit, literal, hurry, veteran, factory (BE),quarrel, ferry, grass, cream, crack, craft, crop, crush,crazy, grain, grind, grown, brass词尾:there(is), there(are), war(and peace), far(away), bar(of soap), wear(and tear)2.13 辅音[m] 发音方法双唇闭合,完全阻塞口腔气流通道,软颚放低,使由肺部压出的气流从鼻腔泄出,舌头放2.14 辅音[n] 发音方法舌尖抬起, 抵住上齿龈,完全阻塞口腔气流通道,软颚放低,使由肺部压出的气流从鼻腔泄出,舌头放松,声带振动。

      误读:来自长江流域各省份的同学需要特别注意,发音时嘴巴不要张大,否则舌头闭不住气,会和舌边音[l]相混发音前先把鼻音发出来一些,后面的变化就容易了还有像陕西、山西、浙江、云南等地的同学注意,这个音在元音后面出现时不要同另外一个鼻音[ŋ]混了night nice词首:no, know, knowledge, note, noble, nervous, gnaw, night, navy, name, now, nail, naive, narrow, nasty, neck, nasal, nation, native, neglect词中:honor, 。

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