2023年初中英语主从复合句考点总结.doc

简朴句、并列句和复合句考点一 简朴句1. 简朴句只包含一个主谓结构.2. 五种简朴句:1) 主+谓. He comes at last.2) 主+系+表. She is a teacher. The soup tastes nice.3) 主+谓+宾. They reached the village.4) 主+谓+间宾+直宾. He gave me a pen.5) 主+谓+宾+宾补. I find that book very useful.考点二 并列句并列句：两个或两个以上的简朴句，用连词连接起来常用的连接词有：1. 表达顺承关系的：and, not only…but also（不仅….并且….）等She ______ gave us a lot of advice, _______ helped us to overcome difficulties.Linda tried to become an excellent teacher, _____ at last she succeeded.2. 表达选择关系和否认条件的有or（还是，否则） Do you want to leave now ____ would you rather set off later?Wear your coat, ____ you’ll catch a cold.3. 表达转折关系的有but, yet等。

He is young, but he works hard.虽然他年轻，但工作努力4. 表达因果关系的有for, so 等My leg hurts so I go to see a doctor. 我的腿疼，因此我去看医生考点三 主从复合句：宾语从句1. 宾语从句的引导词（1）引导陈述句用 that(在口语和非正式文体中经常省略)He tells me (that ) he is going shopping this Sunday.(2) 引导一般疑问句用if或whether. She asked me if\ whether she could join us. (whether…or not) (3) 引导特殊疑问句，要用本来的特殊疑问词She asked them what they were doing.2. 宾语从句的语序 ：要用陈述句语序I want to know when the train left.3. 宾语从句的时态 （1）主句是一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句，宾语从句可根据实际需要选用各种时态 He tells us that he has been able to look after himself.(2) 主句是过去时态，宾语从句应使用过去时的相应时态。

They said that they had already finished the work.(3) 假如宾语从句叙述的是客观事实、真理、自然现象等，不管主句用什么时态，从句都用一般现在时He said that light travels faster than sound.考点四 状语从句一、状语从句在复合句中作状语，修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词等1.地点状语从句地点状语从句通常由 where 引导Put all the things _____they were.A. where B. when C. whose D. which2.时间状语从句(主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时)时间状语从句的引导词有when, before, after, until, as soon as, since, while, as 等She was cooking when someone knock at the door.What will you do after you finished your homework?3.条件状语从句在条件状语从句中，常用的引导词有if, unless等。

If it dosen’t rain, I” ll go fishing.They will have a picnic unless it rains next Sunday.4.因素状语从句 因素状语从句常用的引导词有because, as, since（既然）等He didn’t come because he was ill.Since we are students, we should study hard.*Because 和so 不能在一个句子中同时使用5. 结果状语从句结果状语从句重要由so…that…, such…that…引导It’s so hot that we want to go swimming.That’s such an interesting story that everybody likes it.*So… that…与简朴句之间的句型转换1） that后的句子是否认句，常用too…to进行转换He is so young that he can’t go to school.à he is too young to go to school.2) that后的句子是肯定句。

常用enough to 进行转换The shirt was so cheap that he bought it. à the shirt was cheap enough for him to buy.6.目的状语从句目的状语从句常用的引导词有so that, in order that 等à in order to 简朴句Please say it in a loud voice so that everyone can hear it.He works harder in order that he can go to a good college.7. 让步状语从句引导词有though, although, even if, even though(尽管)等He often helps others though\ although he is not rich.They will stand by you even if you don’t succeed.*Though, although与but 不能同时出现在一个句子中8.比较状语从句比较状语从句由than, as…as…, not as\so… as等引导。

比较级)He is more outgoing than I.He ran as fast as Mike.考点五 定语从句修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词（关系代词和关系副词）1.关系代词的基本用法作主语作宾语作定语指人who\thatwho\whom\that\省略whose指物which\thatwhich\that\省略whose The man __________spoke at the meeting is from Hong Kong. (指人作主语)The building ___________is being built will be used as a hospital.(指物作主语)I visited a scientist _______ name is known all over the world. （指人作定语）2. 关系代词特殊用法(1）当关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致He is one of the boys who ______ (like) playing football.He is the only one of the boys who________ (like) playing football.(2) 通常以下四种情况关系代词只能用that而不能用which.1) 先行词为all, much, something, everything, nothing, little, none, the one 等不定代词时2）先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。

3）当先行词被the only, the very, the just等修饰时4）先行词中既有人又有物时3. 关系副词的基本用法1） when 在句中作状语，表达时间2) where 在句中作状语，表达地点3) why 在句中作状语，表达因素He remembers the day _______ he joined the League.This is the reason_______ he is late today.This is the place _______ Lu Xun was born.练习一、用括号内所给的动词的适当形式填空1. Mrs. Wang said that she ______(buy) a new car the next day.2. Our English teacher told us that Christmas ________(be) on December 25.3. I’ll tell you as soon as Kate ______(come) here.4. Could you tell me when your father ______(go) to New York? When he ______(go) there, we’ll see him off.5. Home with Kids is one of the TV sitcoms that _______(make) us laugh again and again.二、单项选择1. Could you please keep the windows______? It’s so hot in the room.a. open b. opens c. opened d. opening2. Work hard, _____ you’ll fall behind your classmates.a. and b. but c. or d. so3. Ben asked me ______ I had read the news in today’s newspaper. a. that b. if c. what d. when4. ---- Can you tell me _____?---- Of course. He comes from Japan.a. where does he come from b. where is he fromc. where he comes from d. where he wants to go 5. Cathy likes comedies, _____ they’re very funny.a. if b. so c. because d. until 6. His brother has been to Stone Forest twice__。