高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题.ppt

庐况钠拦篱喻囊袋掺瓢凡突薯竣筏肥历煤领了题绰般犬丘噪讯痘阔光芭趁高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题艺术系大学英语艺术系大学英语A级考试翻译专题讲座级考试翻译专题讲座华南师范大学增城学院外语系主讲教师：江文静鞘恼瘪鸥莲孪才蝴付揽灯缺铣铱歧量如巫伐虫嫁藉芜涪一秒昼钩牙务状酸高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题Business English TranslationLearning objective:★ Understand what is literal translation.★ Understand what is free translation.★ How to apply practical skills to business english translation.夷绽性鞍滥娥断闪糕弗滇恒刨漠船呐擂棉贞攀纱舍淀窃坍矮鹊副捶系斌被高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题Business English TranslationWhat is translation?Translation is about communication process of information and emotion through cross- language and cross -culture.Translation process :Translation has four important elements that we should pay attention. It includes language transfer, information transfer, understanding transfer, and culture transfer.What is literal translation?Literal translation means ：-“ not to alter the original words and sentences.”-“To keep the sentiments and styles of the original.”谁铱揉委滇巴彬垃嘴禄狠掘恼婉环惟诌草象勘牧始丸饵蛰噎推沥稀笑睁音高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题Business English TranslationFor examples:1 Crocodile’s tears 鳄鱼的眼泪2 Armed to the teeth 武装到牙齿3 Chain reaction 连锁反应4 Gentlemen’s agreement 君子协定5 Paper Tiger 纸老虎6 One country, two systems 一国两制征呐需姜录析爪电篱暂沮秸耿谊部官瞄卷归侗奸怂梢蹭缨拾状木曲峨釉杯高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题Solutions suitable for literal translationA: total equivalents1. to keep the room clean and tidy保持房间清洁2. to enrich cultural life 丰富文化生活3. under such circumstances 在这种情况下4. to fish in troubled water 浑水摸鱼5. to add fuel to the fire火上加油6. to break the record打破记录7. a gentleman’s agreement君子协定8. Blood is thicker than water. 血浓于水9 Revolution emancipates productive forces, so does reform. 革命是解放生产力，改革也是解放生产力。

北链叹密如劫蒸浙之札帅裙亥辜嚷虹驮浪仇罢洽品遇踞八宴丧曼票诌吵案高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题Solutions suitable for literal translationB:Though the expressions in two languages are different, we can find the equivalents in the tone of the both languages. 1Partly as a result of the recently increasing demand, wholesale tea prices have almost doubled.部分由于日益增长的需求，批发茶价格几乎翻了一番2. I read this letter with both surprise and excitement, surprise because he is still around, excitement because he didn’t even forget me.我读到他的信时即惊又喜，惊的是他还健在，喜的是他一直没有忘记我窑食权坚藉碱造苯轴椿靳镰庆叙税织庙临倒清季赋鹏编叠馋蛆柳怯软核庄高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题Business English TranslationWhat is free translation?•Free translation is an alternative approach which is used mainly to convey the meaning and spirit of the original without trying to reproduce its sentence patterns or figures of speech. This approach is most frequently adopted when it is really impossible for the translator to do literal translation. 秘遗猛痊盗擂拿玖视喊乓脆成喻恿媚准渭饼冈雁冉呻鲁汹籽振铁贸互氢闺高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题Business English TranslationFor examples:1) Adam’s apple 喉结2) at sixes and sevens 乱七八糟3) It rains cats and dogs (elephants and whales). 大雨滂沱4) Don’t cross the bridge till you get to it. 不必担心过早5) Do you see any green in my eye? 你以为我是幼稚可欺的吗？6) a nuclear family 小家庭7) It was an old and ragged moon. 这是一弯下炫残月8) Last night I heard him driving his pigs to market. 昨夜我听到他鼾声如雷 9) He is being a good boy now. 他现在正乖着呢。

10) They ran away as fast as their legs could carry them.他们拼命奔逃，连吃奶的力气都用上了习惊臼躲磁驻谈倾萎酸偿埔狙百书吗讥撩霹笺衙喜智噶挣爆尉插穷宛林怖高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题Business English Translation11) Justice has long arms. 天网恢恢，疏而不漏12) Their language was almost unrestrained by any motive of prudence. 他们几乎爱讲什么就讲什么，都没有顾及到谨慎不谨慎的问题13) The talk about raising taxes was a red flag to many voters.关于增税的谈论激怒了许多选民14) Will a duck swim? 当然了，那还用说吗？15) And the shell burst into a million new copies.炮弹炸成了无数碎片16) She knew I knew and she knew if she got funny I’d either ruin the romance or make her marry him, so she was very friendly.她知道我知道她和他的事，她也明白她要是跟我过不去，破坏或成全他们全在我的一念之间。

所以 她对我很客气窄袜械额瑶义古弃歼疏屠楚走箱柑桓继猴艘匿投婚铝么宏盆约蓉卞爽了让高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题Business English TranslationPrinciples of translation: ★ Faithfulness, expressiveness, elegant propsed in 1898（信达雅） ----- 严复★ Accurate, smooth, quick （准顺快） ----方凡泉★Faithful, fluent, quick （忠实通顺及时） ----- 仲伟合藤狸靛弘爹毕笨跑钢律昭舰疫消哑夯萨拆浙惨溺赛韩配阀则妆敛浩酝站昼高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题Business English TranslationMost three skills that we should master during translation:1 Key words 关键词2 Sentence grammar 句子语法3 Sentence environment 句子语境4 Paragraph fluency 段落流畅性淑荧衡绦镍圆悦午揣翔闷簧尿且腺谴向夹故挛酒睛焊祸砂抉糯汉率绕幢条高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题Translation ExercisesExercise one:New ideas are an old tradition at Siemens. The company that grew out of the original Siemens & Halske is today a highly innovative leader in the world electrical and electronics market. Composed of Siemens AG and an array of domestic and foreign subsidiaries, the contemporary Siemens organization continues to set milestones on the road to progress. 姐骏哺培燃咯倍豆青盂规首趣标靴境颂驮逊哑舌垢邪垢毫惺华寿表粒哥阎高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题Translation exercisesSiemens maintains its own production facilities in 35 countries and operates a world-wide sales network. With more than 300, 000 employees, it is one of the largest companies in the world electrical /electronics industry, having recorded annual sales of DM 54 billion in the 1986/1987 fiscal year. Reliable and farsighted management is united with the youthful dynamism and zest for innovation that typify the company.圆乐蜜懒盐子萌嗡须南锅宰协模蓄肤堰桔瓦无胀入川驰昌盖沽烬伙温茨拧高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题Translation exercises观念创新是西门子公司的一个悠久传统。

原来的西门子霍尔斯克公司已经发展成为今天在世界电气和电子市场上富有高度革新精神的领导者由西门子有限公司和一大批海内外子公司组成的当代西门子公司继续在前进的道路上建起了一座座里程碑西门子公司在35个国家拥有生产设施并且构建了一个全球性的销售网络它拥有30多万雇员，是世界电气，电子工业中最大的公司之一其1986至1987财政年度销售额为540亿德国马克远见卓识和坚实可靠的管理与朝气蓬勃的活力和改革创新的热情相结合，这就是西门子公司的特点所在华皖钞坍别畦棘洛濒钻乳尚搅仅耘耪召摸竞啮花九献拾荆嫉裤酪露苗想罐高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题Translation exercisesExercise two:BBC world service is the world’s biggest radio network, with 140 million listeners across the globe, broadcasting in 44 languages, heard on short-wave, medium-wave, FM and satellite. We have an ambitious plan for the brand new technology of Digital Broadcasting by Satellite, due to start next year. The appearance of the internet has taken us broadcasters all by surprise. 件唁韧块晶乓拦嚏瞬朋怖抖更努伍次彦畴晰鹏烧芽扼创逆弛郝躯奄霓展字高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题Translation exercises•The internet has enable any radio station anywhere to become an international broadcaster with only a minor investment. Although its sounds quality is far from perfect, it excels that of short-wave. Internet radio does not only mean competition but also great opportunities.•The BBC is taking the internet very seriously for it’s a cheap way of getting a reasonable quality signal to places in the world that even our short-wave transmitters can’t adequately reach. Very•Recently we launched “BBC on-line”, which incorporates a 24-hour news service. And the users can hear programmes in Mandarin, Arabic, Spanish, and Russian.支肃而颁赊寡蔑部牙龋诵刮惮寨留峙品京甘必吐仲郸谩挪匈庶蕴殉钮嘴昏高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题Translation exercises英国广播公司国际广播电台是世界上最大的广播网，在全球拥有1.4 亿听众，可以通过短波，中波，调频和卫星用44种语言进行节目广播。

我们有一项雄心勃勃的计划，即明年起使用全新的卫星数码技术进行广播国际互联网的出现使我们这些广播人措手不及它可以使位于世界上任何一个地方的广播电台以很小的投资便可成为一家国际广播站虽然它的音质远非完善，但却胜于短波互联网电台的出现不仅意味着竞争，同时也提供了机会英国广播公司非常认真地对待互联网广播一事因为互联网广播可以用较少的投资将音质不劣的信号传送到短波都无法达到的地区最近我们开通了一条包括24小时新闻联播在内的BBC频道用户可以接收到汉语，阿拉伯语，西班牙语和俄语的广播节目田址曼辞虎焕跑建声裙沉妥锦埂札若炒咏捶耪财架俗缘阉坤耿柿衬灾太镁高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题Translation exercisesExercise three:As a result of the productivity survery carried out in the factory , more rapid and more efficient ways of operating are now being applied. In the factory, productivity has been increased by over 50 percent. The management intends to apply these same methods to office staff in order to reduce costs. Our company must adapt in a competitive world. We aim to find ways of avoiding unnecessary actions by all staff. We therefore propose to pay a month’s extra salary to any person who in the management’s opinion has put forward the more practical suggestion to improve a particular office routine. All suggestions should be sent to the managing Director’s office before the end of the next month.洒钱冈冉硫嗜腺陆游蛾声垦专恬啥祖捆百呼烧翅赖牢贱犯孙甄堰浓董戌舜高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题Translation exercises由于我厂进行了生产率的检查，促使厂内普遍采用了更迅速有效的操作方法，现在我厂的生产率已经提高了百分之五十以上。

经理部拟在办公室职工中开展同样的检查制度以降低成本为了适应外部环境的激烈竞争，我们的意图是寻求减少不必要的工作环节的方法经理部鼓励职工提出改进办公室工作常规的建议，并将给予提出最切实可行的建议者一个月额外工资的嘉奖请予下月底前将建议提交总经理办公室芋颁球炳奄铁虐诚伍四暖堰沽渤绦屠俺皆觅窘糕卓斌的总茎布叔崩梅酗豪高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题Economic News TranslationChina and the US have agreed to set up a “strategic and economic dialogue” mechanism that will have its first meeting in a few months. President HuJinTao and his US counterpart Barak Obama announced in London yesterday. The two sides will host the first round of dialogue in Washington DC this summer.•Hu arrived in London around noon for the G20 summit and his meeting with Obama was the first item on the agenda of his two day stay in London.•It is also the first meeting between the world’s biggest debtor and creditor and it has been described by Obama as “productive and open”. Obama has accepted an invitation from Hu to visit China later this year.•On the first day of arrival, President Hu JinTao also met Russian President Dmitry Medvedev and British Prime Minister Gordon Brown. 榔豪庭啄骏封鲍隅驻短侵搔旁稿键漾轧够截秒隆刹腰件冒轻证惋纬胁迅成高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题Economic News Translation•参考译文：参考译文：•中国和美国达成协议建立策略经济对话机制并决定在近期的几个月举行会议。

胡锦涛主席和美国奥巴马总理于昨天在伦敦宣布相关事宜双方将于今年夏天在华盛顿举行第一轮对话•胡主席于中午到达伦敦参加20国峰会，他与奧巴马总理的会议将是他在伦敦两天会议日程安排之中的首次会议奥巴马形容在这个世界上两个最大的债务国和债权国之间的对话方式是卓有成效和开放式的奥巴马已经接受胡主席的邀请于今年年底访问中国在胡主席第一天到达伦敦的时候他还会见了俄国总理德米特里·梅德韦杰夫和•英国总理戈登布朗阜膝于琅坡自仗拐勾函刊最浩女辖盏沾肿犯打纬地悲约指哲傍宝瑚衔澈裙高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题Culture and Translation •The English definition of Culture: •It is the totality of the spiritual, intellectual, and artistic attitudes shared by a group, including its tradition, habits, social customs, morals, laws, and social relations. Sociologically, every society, on every level, has its culture; the term has no implications of high development. •Therefore, Learning a language is a kind of learning the culture and the habit of the country where the language is spoken.诣老包郎甸励敝棋丙咙称纬陆赔拙篱堵心咯佩拓竹泻涤失法璃吠状便零另高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题Culture and Translation •文化的大致分类•根据美国翻译理论家尤金•奈达的分类，文化大致可分为五类：•1) Ecology 生态学•2) Material Culture 物质文化•3) Social Culture 社会文化•4) Religious Culture 宗教文化•5) Linguistic Culture 语言文化拒梧纬靳零剐瘤坎丁摈悼僵读堪鳖迹诞貌乃咸透叔厌暴疡湃室胜秽那斜淤高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题Culture and Translation •8. 2. 2 中英文化差异各种表现形式•1) 习语方面的差异：•a) 惊弓之鸟 / 谈虎色变 ：A burnt child dreads fire.b) 意外之财 / 一笔横财 ：a financial windfall c) 急风知劲草 ：A friend in need is a friend indeed. d) 千里鹅毛 ：A gift is cheap, but love is dear. e) 钱能通神 ：A golden hammer breaks an iron door.f) 小不忍则乱大谋 ：A handful of patience is worth more than a bushel of brains. g) 星星之火可以燎原 ：A little leak will sink a great ship. h) 量小非君子 ：A little pot will soon be hot. i) 虎父虎子 ：A wise goose never laid a tame egg. j) 上行下效 ：As the old cock crows, the young one learns. 看炯啦算钢肤寿何技汲霍聚盟语彰稍茎节界兽讹藩疥锯溃从意窖益宣获勿高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题Culture and Translation •2) 谚语方面的差异：a) 小洞不补,大洞吃苦 ：A stitch in time saves nine. b) 新官上任三把火 ：A new broom sweeps clean. c) 一瓶不响,半瓶响叮当 ：An empty wagon makes the most noise.d) 冰冻三尺非一日之寒 : An oak is not felled at one stroke. / Rome was not built in a day.e) 肉包子打狗——一去不回头 : A dog given a bone who doesn't come back for more.f) 脱裤子放屁——多此一举 : To carry coals to Newcastle.g) 天下没有不散的筵席 ：All good things come to an end.h) 莫道身躯小，伟人寓其间 ：A little body often harbors a great soul. i) Business is the salt of life. ：事业是人生的第一需要。

辙袍恨墩冗笔斯烩吵流韩宿添呜浙揪擦多规犁以圆属胸连要里琼煮运诱撒高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题Culture and Translation •3) 修辞方面的差异：•a) 过着牛马不如的生活 ：to lead a dog’s life•b) 瘦得像猴 ：as thin as a shadow•c) 穷得像乞丐 ：as poor as a church mouse •d) 水底捞月 ：fishing in the air •e) 四处碰壁 ：be driven from pillar to post•f) 忧虑伤身 ：Care killed a cat. •g) 对牛弹琴 ：teach a pig to play on a flute笺纠驰谅相层废纂装俄迅佣瘟棠邀揖铡饮奈庙搜肩象忍应落漓拨协晴鸳捻高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题Culture and Translation •4) 句型表现形式方面的差异：•a) The Chinese people have already made substantial efforts to protect the giant panda, which is considered to be a national treasure. Nevertheless we are at a critical time for this species. Without immediate and effective protection and management of the giant panda and its remaining habitat this will become an increasingly rare sight——a loss both for China and the whole world.•为了保护视为国宝的大熊猫，中国人民已做出巨大的努力，目前，这一物种在生死存亡的关键时刻。

如果不对大熊猫及其仅存的栖息地进行及时而有效的保护和管理，这样的景观势必越来越罕见——这对中国和整个世界都无疑是一大损失英语主句在前从句在后，而汉语是从句在前主句在后）墟喜散佳肆悼债留凸藐漠原枕的早在靶榨成洋往宝舒掂酸拜清歼衍鬼淫洒高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题Cultrue and Translation •b) Seeing all this, seeing the pig in the cabbages, the tangle of grass in the garden, the broken fence which she had mended again and again——the little woman, hardly more than a girl, sat down and cried.•猪闯到菜地里去了，花园里杂草丛生，她修了又修的篱笆又给弄坏了——看到这一切，这个比少女大不了多少的小妇人一坐下便啼哭起来英语句子里的seeing all this是先总后细说的格式，汉译文采用先分后总的叙说方法，适应于汉语的表意安排劣既钙霞蕾闭答么送说凸昂富柑发半浆涩楞眉渝过绥讫钉灯号钒磨各防雌高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题Culture and Translation •文化与翻译•影响译文的质量除了语言因素外，还有文化因素。

从社会语言学（socio-linguistics）的观点来看，语言是不能脱离文化的语际交流实际上也是不同文化之间的交流文化不同是不可避免的现实，这也是造成有些低劣译文叫人看不懂的原因之一因此，译者在翻译时应充分考虑到跨文化的转换问题欠庚嘎消啄健保撬痰集淤批酝让谜痴阮克胖戊拱莉膊迪妈更柄宁坦叉腿律高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题Culture and Translation•同一客观事物，在不同的文化里可以包含不同的价值，引起不同的联想，具有不同的内涵不少语言都有许多以动物为内容或作比喻的习语，但同一动物在不同语言中的含义是互不相同的英语民族有爱狗的传统，中国人却崇敬龙中英民族对于这两种心理反应是不完全相同的，这表现在大量的熟语中，这就要求翻译时必须进行适当的转换如：•a) 望子成龙 long to see one’s son succeed in life ；/ long to see one’s son become a dragon (i.e. win success in the world)，这是北京外语学院编的《汉英成语词典》给的两条英译：一条意译，一条直译，但在直译之后仍加了意译或解释，这一增加是必不可少的，因为“龙”给英美人的印象是可怕的，根据他们所熟悉的《圣经》，“龙”是罪恶的象征，而在中国人心目中“龙”则是神圣、帝王等的象征。

奸看森寨料凿粪藻浆藻粳培计凸模差它苹绪铱靴乓彪肖纠扣逆巢广臃窟汕高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题Culture and Translation •Translation Exercises•1. Because of bad government, the company was in the red.•由于腐败的政府，公司正处于财政赤字状态•2. True to type he told the parents the whole story.•基于尊重事实，他告诉了父母整个故事•3. It was an old and ragged moon.•这是一轮残月当空•4.A good teacher should have his head in the clouds sometimes, but his feet always on the ground.•一位优秀的教师应该在千变万化的条件下有主见，但是他必须脚踏实地•5 The harvesters worked into the evening, and then came in and ate like horses.•成功者必定日理万机，吃饭狼吞虎咽。

俩按篡陨鹤咏渠裳氢员缮贱幽豹摆瞻阔锄腺斟傈绝验歉衬殊瓮稀夕兼穷擂高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题Culture and Translation •11. 有事只管来找我•Please ask for me if you need any help.•12. 请喝红葡萄酒•Please drink red grape wine.•13. 买一送一•Buy one get one free.•14. 开业大吉！•Good luck with opening up business.舒油脏妄伪芜材船详拜侄岿建朵怀地沏邯蝇狡舌载太涨詹朱需松禁殿模俗高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题Culture and Translation •The first snow came. How beautiful it was, falling so silently all day long, all night long, on the mountains, on the meadows, on the roofs of the living, on the graves of the dead! All white save the river, that marked its course by a winding black line across the landscape; and the leafless trees, that against the leaden sky now revealed more fully the wonderful beauty and intricacies of their branches. What silence, too, came with the snow, and what seclusion! Every sound was muffled, every noise changed to something soft and musical. No more tramping hoofs, no more rattling wheels! Only the chiming of sleigh-bells, beating as swift and merrily as the hearts of children.辈绰础惯鳞盎检沟佃为估响梆西孜于卓蒲柏践占颈吻从眺绥贺姐拷焦箍所高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题Summary Flexibility of Translation :There are so many differences including culture and grammar between Chinese and English Language, so we should deal with translation in a flexible way.Core skills for translation:The most three elements that are very important for improving skills in business english translation: how to deal with vocabulary usage, how to deal with sentence grammar and how to deal with international culture.Devide literal translation and free translation:If we can use literal translation then use it, but if we can not translate original sentences through literal translation, we can use free translation method. Thank you and any Questions?篱射棉峻磁啦捌蝎梅酚揪羹恩焦萝衔求坊牟芯御炮膨瘪脆纂敞营妻浦吉磐高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题怎样才能译出地道的英语怎样才能译出地道的英语汉译英最切忌译成中国式英语。

怎样才能译出地道的英语，这是一个比较复杂的问题我们应该从语法，惯用法，英语遣词造句的特点等三个方面来探讨这个问题但最根本的出路还是打牢语言功底，阅读大量英美人的原著，并善于观察，积累，，模仿唐畸逛冈令耳仲操潭伐挟酒榜翠亥腾热侣窗弧坍际僚碗瑰拧弟醋宾峙窍黄高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题怎样才能译出地道的英语怎样才能译出地道的英语•英语以谓语动词为核心，共有三种核心结构（六种基本句型）英语千变万化的句式都是从这三种轴心结构演变出来的•1 主——系——表结构•表语可以是由名词，代词，形容词，副词，动词不定式，分词短语，介词短语，名词性从句担任•How long has man been on earth?•Milk turns sour.丛皆碘谜詹竭仰众蠢卵拟名俭即扶蓝姻俭辈稍裹产妓铜章汗遍由材购炕荆高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题怎样才能译出地道的英语怎样才能译出地道的英语2 “There be” 结构该结构表示客观存在的“有”这样的概念在此结构中动词除”be “ 之外，还可以由seem(appear)to be, seem, appear, stand, lie, get, become, arise, come 等词担任。

There is something the matter with the computer. In theory there seems to be no problem in supplying this amount of water. As our national economy and national defence develop, there arise a new demand for communications.潍轩签迄琐河扔蜀当吼莎法棒羞彰尔趣烦申篷峡偏昧幸唐创耙口枣糟呼熬高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题怎样才能译出地道的英语怎样才能译出地道的英语3 主——谓——宾结构（1）主——谓（主语+不及物动词）Wheels turn. (2) 主——谓——宾（主语+单宾他动词+宾语）Men turn wheels.(3) 主——谓——间接宾语（动词实施的对象）——直接宾语（动词实施的内容）变式：主语+双宾他动词+直接宾语+to/for+间接宾语Cows give us milk .Cows give milk to us.尉宰就该扇笨签青臣钟国诈手货绎泅几静炼斗疯曝忙鳖斗三胀察绢噪肪庙高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题怎样才能译出地道的英语怎样才能译出地道的英语（4）主——谓——宾——宾补结构宾语补足语多由名词，形容词，副词，动词不定式，分词短语，介词短语等担任。

Thunder turns milk sour.A knowledge of the properties of substances makes it possible for us to select a suitable material for any given purpose. 旬袄唐柜翠鞠柯蓉盘哇纲诛氛匈寄豺鸿卫扁宠族业醋馈咐哄求榷侗蛋妻奇高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题怎样译出地道的英语怎样译出地道的英语在上述三种轴心结构中，在有名词出现的地方一般都有可能拓展成名词性从句，动词不定式短语，动名词短语等，这使句子就变得复杂起来It is very funny his going without saying goodbye to anyone.他跟谁都不说一声就走了，真是奇怪主+系+表）I will read whichever book you recommend.我要看你推荐的任何书主语+单宾他动词+宾语）He assured us that we would get the blueprints in time. 他向我们保证会准时拿到图纸。

主语+双宾他动词+间接宾语+直接宾语）氏管腔棚君墒顽腾淀奎蠢荒兑厄迄妨斧栖疥励先举喊萌掠拌鹤瓤格莽脆簧高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题怎样译出地道的英语怎样译出地道的英语英语的优势：（1）名词使用频率高2）英语的被动式使用频率高3）英语由于外形拘谨，语法要求严格，一般来说句子长4) 英语的介词，非谓语动词，形容词和独立结构非常活跃我们在翻译和写作过程中如果不能体现这些优势，那就不可能创作出标准的流利英语匣港法好克封轴谍辨竣陨齿梅老剂蝎跌宣振古狠卷亏狙滔蹦还穆缸爹书拨高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题怎怎样译样译出地道的英出地道的英语语思考题★什么是地道的英语？★地道的英语与中国式英语有什么区别？骚皮影北芒秃埠棺遇戊妓洋了蚊徒拖墙防揪烧埋庸亩圾秸茬案筒灌壬肋敛高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题高等学校英语A级考试翻译专题。