现代大学英语精读 课文讲解Lesson 5.doc

现代大学英语精读 课文讲解Lesson 5 Teaching Notes to Lesson 5 The One Against the Many Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr. Notes to Guide to Reading 1. Brief introduction to the author Arthur Meier Schlesinger, Jr. (1917-____), influential U.S. historian noted for his liberal politics and histories of the presidencies of Andrew Jackson and Franklin Delano Roosevelt. In addition to his scholarly work, Schlesinger took an active political role in Democratic Party politics. He was the winner of two Pulitzer Prizes and two National Book Awards. Schlesinger was the son of the U.S. historian Arthur Meier Schlesinger. He was born in Columbus, Ohio, and given the name Arthur Bancroft at birth, but he later adopted his father’s middle name. The family moved to Cambridge, Massachusetts, when his father became a history professor at Harvard University. Schlesinger was educated at Phillips E_eter Academy in New Hampshire where he graduated at the age of 15. After a year of traveling, he enrolled at Harvard, graduating in 1938. During World War II (1939-1945), Schlesinger worked in the Office of War Information and then in the Office of Strategic Planning. Schlesinger’s postgraduate studies led him to write The Age of Jackson (1945), a reassessment of Jackson’s presidency. It became a bestseller and won the Pulitzer Prize for history in 1946. That same year he accepted a position as an associate professor of history at Harvard. He remained on the faculty there, becoming a full professor in 1954, until taking a leave of absence in 1961. In 1947 he helped found the liberal Americans for Democratic Action (ADA). While at Harvard, Schlesinger wrote the three-volume The Age of Roosevelt (1957-1960), which many historians regard as his finest work. In 1952, 1956, and 1960 Schlesinger was a campaign staff member and speechwriter for Democratic presidential candidates Adlai Stevenson and John F. Kennedy. After Kennedy took office in 1961, he appointed Schlesinger special assistant. Schlesinger later wrote an account of the Kennedy administration, A Thousand Days: John F. Kennedy in the White House. Published in 1965, the book won the Pulitzer Prize for biography in 1966 and a National Book Award. Schlesinger resigned in 1964, shortly after Kennedy’s assassination, and in 1967 became professor of humanities at the City University of New York. After writing The Politics of Hope (1963), Schlesinger emerged as a liberal critic of Democratic president Lyndon B. Johnson, particularly for Johnson’s escalation of the Vietnam War (1959-1975). His book The Bitter Heritage: Vietnam and American Democracy, 1941-1966 (1967) was an attack on Johnson’s policies. In 1973 Schlesinger published The Imperial Presidency, in which he argued that Republican president Richard Ni_on had overreached the powers of the presidency. Schlesinger called for Ni_on’s impeachment. Schlesinger again won the National Book Award for Robert Kennedy and His Times (1978). In The Cycles of American History (1986), Schlesinger elaborated on his thesis that America goes through cycles of liberal and conservative periods. His last work, War and the American Presidency (____), critiqued the U.S.-Iraq War and the foreign policy trines of President George W. Bush. Microsoft ? Encarta ? ____. ? 1993-____ Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. 2. go into effect: come into effect/use; begin to be applicable 3. dogmatic preconceptions 教条的成见: preconceptions: preconceived idea/notion; prejudice 4. reemphasize the principle of “seeking truth from reality” 5. cast away dogmatism 6. coe_istence of a variety of models of development 7. voice one opposition to those “who would reduce the world to one” 8. have a monopoly on sth 明治维新 Meiji Reform; Meiji Restoration (the reign title of Mutsuhito, 1868-1912) 戊戌变法 the Reform Movement of 1898 Notes to the te_t proper Part I (Para. 1) This is the opening paragraph, raising the issue of American e_perience in achieving rapid national development. Para. 1 1. In an epoch dominated by the aspirations of new states for national development, it is instructive to recall that the United States itself began as an underdeveloped country. 1) compare period, epoch, era and age age 1 S1 W1 / e?d? / noun 1 HOW OLD [ uncountable and countable ] the number of years someone has lived or something has e_isted → old : Francis is the same age as me. E_perts disagree over the age of the drawings. Dad retired at the age of 56. at age 5/18 etc In Britain, schooling starts at age 5. 4/15 etc years of age (= 4, 15 etc years old ) She was just over 16 years of age. at my/your etc age (= when you are as old as me etc ) At my age, it’s quite difficult getting up the stairs. over/under the age of 5/18 etc people over the age of 65 for his/her etc age (= compared with other people of the same age ) She’s tall for her age, isn’t she? REGIST。