最新pset能源名词09风能.doc

pset能源名词-09风能風能 Wind Energy9.1物理名詞9.1 Physical Terms9」.1動力係數 軸所產生之機械動力與在特 定環境同速通過掃動面積所構成之動力 比（見 9.1.17）9.1.2鄰近效應 從某一部風力機量起，在某 一特定距離之另一部或更多部之風力機 之存在，而引起該部風力機之動力減弱 的效應9.1.3氣翼上昇 在葉片斷面上與相對風速方 向垂直方向上風合力之分力9.1.4柯若利士力 為坐標系內的一種力，係 由旋轉運動與線性運動之相互作用而產 生的註）風力方面應使用如下定義：當風在地 球表面上某一高度移動至另一高度及產 生切線和離心加速度時，為繼續保持或 企圖保持其初期線速度所施的力9丄5推力 葉片斷面上風合力之分力，其方 向與葉片斷面之運方向相同9丄6氣翼拖拉力葉片斷面上風合力之分 力，其方向與相對風速之方向相同9.1.7正交力 葉片斷面上風合力之分力，其 方向與葉片斷面位之方向垂直9.1.8等風口 等平均風速之線徑註）當測定等風口時使用之標準狀況需加 以註明9.1.9貝茲法則 對一理想風力機而言，轉子 具有一掃動面積A,在周遭風速Voo下 之最大輸出動力理論值（見9.1.17） 為：9.1 ・ 1 Power coefficient The ratio of the mechanical power at the shaft to the power constituted by a given ambient wind velocity across the swept area (see 9.1.17).9.1.2 Proximity effect Effect whereby the power of a wind turbine is diminished due to the presence of one or more other wind turbines at a given distance as measured from the first turbine・9.1.3 Aerofoil lift The component of the resultant wind force on a blade section in a direction perpendicular to the direction of relative wind velocity・9.1.4 Coriolis force The force, within a moving frame of reference, that results from the interaction of a rotational motion and a linear motion・Note In the case of the wind, the following definition applies: The force exerted by the wind in maintaining or attempting to maintain its initial linear velocity when being moved from one latitude to another on the surface of the earth and resulting in tangential and centrifugal acceleration・9.1.5 Thrust The component of the resultant wind force on a blade section in the direction of movement of the blade section.9.1.6 Aerofoil drag The component of resultant wind force on a blade section in the direction of relative wind velocity.9.1.7 Normal force The component of the resultant wind force on a blade section perpendicular to the blade section chord・9.1.8 Isovent Line of constant average wind velocit y.Note The standard conditions applied when determining the isovent must be specified・9.1.9 Betz^s Law For the case of an ideal wind turbine rotor having a swept area A. the theoretical maximum power output with ambient wind velocity Vx(see 9」.17) is:8/7pAVoo38/27 pAVoo3其中P為空氣密度。

註）空氣系統之有效動能（KE）為：KE=l/2 pAVoo3風力機軸產生之有用輸出動力與理論有效動 力KE之比例式為動力係數Cp （或效率 H）：Cp=Cp- KECp之最大值為16/27O9.1.10風壓；速度壓 在某物定位置，於垂直 於風向表面上測得之單位面積所承受之 風力9.1.H尖速比 葉片尖端之最大切線速度與週 遭風速之比值C（註）此種比率之經驗可使用於不同種類間 風力機之比較C9.1.12貝茲效率風力機軸之輸出動力與由貝 茲法則（見9.1.9）所計算而得之最大理 論有效功之比9.1.13截風面積 附於轉子上之旋轉物體於與 週遭風向垂直之平面上之投影9.1.14啟動風速 對一特定風力機能够開始供 應有用的輸出軸動力時，此風力機葉片 尖端之速度9.1.15啟斷風速 對一特定風力機而言，葉片 端之速度達到此速度時，風力機停止產 生有用的輸出軸動力where p is the density of the air.Note The kinetic energy KE available in an air stream is given by:KE=l/2pAVa>3The ratio of the useful power output P at the wind turbine shaft to the theoretically available power KE is termed the power coefficient cp(or efficiency q):The maximum value of9.1.10 Wind pressure: velocity pressure The force per unit area exerted by the wind at a given location measured upon a surface perpendicular to the direction of the wind.9.1.11 Tip velocity ratio The ratio of the maximum tangential velocity of the blade tip to the ambient wind velocity・Note Knowledge of this ratio enables comparisons to be made between different types of windmills・9.1.12 Betz，s efficiency The ratio of the power output at the wind turbine shaft to the theoretical maximum power available as calculated according to Betz^ law (see 9.1.9).9.1.13 Swept area The projection on to a plane perpendicular to the direction of the ambient wind of the body of revolution described by the rotor.9.1.14 Cut-in wind velocity The wind speed referred to a specific blade-tip velocity in the case of a specific turbine, at with the wind turbine starts supplying useful output power at the shaft・9.1.15 Cut-off wind velocity The wind speed, referred to a specific blade-tip velocity in the case of a specific turbine, above which the wind turbine ceases to produce useful output power at the shaft・9.1.16 cut-out wind velocity: furling speed The wind velocity at which the protective9.1.16最大承受風速；摺起速度 風力機上所 裝設之保護裝置能真正發生防止機器受 到機械損害功同時之風速。

9.1.17周遭風速 在風力機前端而不受風力機 擾亂之風速9.1.18額定風速；最適合周遭風速 為一週遭 風速，在此風速下風力機所掃動之單位 面積之輸出動力為最大9.1.19地轉風 單獨由壓力梯度和柯若利士力 所產生的風device fitted to a wind turbine is actuated to prevent mechanical damage to the machine.9.1.17 Ambient wind velocity The wind velocityin front of the wind turbine and not disturbed by it.9.1.18 Rated wind speed: optimum ambient wind velocity The ambient wind velocity at which maximum power output is developed per unit area swept by the turbine rotor.9.1.19 Geostrophic wind Wind resulting solely from pressure gradients and Coriolis forces・9.2術語9.2 Technology921氣力發電機為一種風力機之轉子與發電 機幺士△的驻骨（註）諾發希V應用在需要中小量電力 之地方，特別是在偏遠地區。

922風力機；風車一種將風能轉換成機械 能的裝置註）風車應用於需要固定之電力或機械動 力之地方非常有利，但見921之氣力發 電機C923葉片風力機轉子上之元件，其為風所 驅動，藉著空氣動力而在轉子軸上產生 有用之轉矩註）帆及翼板為經常用來描述葉片。