2008考研英语真题英语一阅读部分(共9页).doc

精选优质文档-----倾情为你奉上Text 1①While still catching up to men in some spheres of modern life, women appear to be way ahead in at least one undesirable category. ②“Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men,”according to Dr. Yehuda, chief psychiatrist at New Yorks Veterans Administration Hospital.①Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affect the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions.②In several of the studies, when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries (the female reproductive organs) removed, their chemical responses became equal to those of the males.①Adding to a womans increased dose of stress chemicals, are her increased“opportunities”for stress.②“Its not necessarily that women dont cope as well. ③Its just that they have so much more to cope with,”says Dr.Yehuda. ④“Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than mens,”she observes,“its just that theyre dealing with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner.”①Dr.Yehuda notes another difference between the sexes. ②“I think that the kinds of things that women are exposed to tend to be in more of a chronic or repeated nature.③Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress. ④Men are exposed to more acts of random physical violence. ⑤The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family members, and they tend not to be one-shot deals. ⑥The wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating.”①Adeline Alvarez married at 18 and gave birth to a son, but was determined to finish college. ②“I struggled a lot to get the college degree. ③I was living in so much frustration that that was my escape, to go to school, and get ahead and do better.”④Later her marriage ended and she became a single mother.⑤“Its the hardest thing to take care of a teenager, have a job, pay the rent, pay the car payment, and pay the debt. ⑥I lived from paycheck to paycheck.”①Not everyone experiences the kinds of severe chronic stresses Alvarez describes.②But most women today are coping with a lot of obligations, with few breaks, and feeling the strain.③Alvarezs experience demonstrates the importance of finding ways to diffuse stress before it threatens your health and your ability to function.21.Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs?[A] Women are biologically more vulnerable to stress.[B] Women are still suffering much stress caused by men.[C] Women are more experienced than men in coping with stress.[D] Men and women show different inclinations when faced with stress.22.Dr. Yehudas research suggests that women __________.[A] need extra doses of chemicals to handle stress[B] have limited capacity for tolerating stress[C] are more capable of avoiding stress[D] are exposed to more stress23.According to Paragraph 4, the stress women confront tends to be __________.[A] domestic and temporary[B] irregular and violent[C] durable and frequent[D] trivial and random24.The sentence“I lived from paycheck to paycheck.”(Para. 5) shows that __________.[A] Alvarez cared about nothing but making money[B] Alvarezs salary barely covered her household expenses[C] Alvarez got paychecks from different jobs[D] Alvarez paid practically everything by check25.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] Strain of Stress: No Way Out?[B] Responses to Stress: Gender Difference[C] Stress Analysis: What Chemicals Say[D] Gender Inequality: Women Under StressText 2①It used to be so straightforward.②A team of researchers working together in the laboratory would submit the results of their research to a journal.③A journal editor would then remove the authors names and affiliations from the paper and send it to their peers for review.④Depending on the comments received, the editor would accept the paper for publication or decline it.⑤Copyright rested with the journal publisher, and researchers seeking knowledge of the results would have to subscribe to the journal.①No longer.②The Internet—and pressure from funding agencies, who are questioning why commercial publishers are making money from government-funded research by restricting access to it—is making access to scientific results a reality. ③The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has just issued a report describing the far-reaching consequences of this.④The report, by John Houghton of Victoria University in Australia and Graham Vickery of the OECD, makes heavy reading for publishers who have, so far, made handsome profits. ⑤But it goes further than that. ⑥It signals a change in what has, until now, been a key element of scientific endeavor.①The value of k。