
高考英语二轮复习 专题10 连词和状语从句教学案(含解析).doc
18页专题10 连词和状语从句状语从句包括时间状语从句、地点状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句和结果状语从句状语从句的考查主要集中在连接词的掌握上,尤其要重视as, until, before, since, when, in case等连词的各种语义功能和语法功能其考点主要包括: 1.考查状语从句的连接词要掌握每个连词的含义及其用法,还有它们之间的一些区别如:时间状语从句的连词有while, when,as,as soon as,until,not…until,before, after,since等; 条件状语从句的连词有 if,unless, in case, on condition that, provided (that), supposing, suppose (that)等; 结果状语从句的连词有so…that(如此……以至于),such…that(如此……以至于)等 2.考查固定搭配和习惯用法的连接词如:no sooner…than/hardly…when(一……就……); the moment/minute,directly等的连词功能3.考查不同性质的连词在不同的语境中所表现的不同意义,如as既能引导时间状语从句,又能引导原因状语从句和让步状语从句; where引导地点状语从句和定语从句等。
4.考查状语从句的时态主要考查时间、条件、让步状语从句用一般现在时表将来,以及一般过去时代替过去将来时的用法5.考查状语从句的省略在时间、原因、条件、方式、让步等状语从句中,常常省略相同的主语或作主语的代词it以及be动词,保留现在分词、过去分词、介词短语、不定式等成分如果从句中有“it is+形容词”,也可以省略it is连词的考查主要集中在并列句和各种复合句中,主要考查连词的意义辨析如:and, but, or或while以及其他连接名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句的连接词、关联词 一、时间状语从句(一)when,while与as引导的时间状语从句1.when,while与as引导时间状语从句的区别连词谓语动词用法点津when延续性动词非延续性动词从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生,也可以先后发生while延续性动词从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生as延续性动词强调主从句动作相伴发生,可译为“一边……一边……;随着”When they heard the news that Shenzhou Ⅸ had been sent up into space successfully,they jumped with joy.听到“神舟”九号成功发射的消息,他们高兴地跳了起来。
While I was reading,he came in.我正在看书时,他进来了The students sang as they walked.学生们边走边唱2.while还可以作并列连词,表示对比,意为“而,却”Liu Wang is from Shanxi while Liu Yang comes from Henan.刘旺来自山西,而刘洋来自河南3.when也可以作并列连词,意为“这时,那时”We were having a meeting when someone broke in.我们正在开会这时突然有人闯了进来二)before与since引导的时间状语从句1.before与since的常用句式连词词义常用句式before在……之前,还未……就……;……才……;.趁……,还没来得及……It will (not) be+一段时间+before...(没有)过……时间才..It was not long before...不久……就It was+时间段+before...过了……(时间)才……since自从……以来It is/has been+一段时间+since...(从句用一般过去时)It was+一段时间+since...(从句用过去完成时)It will be two years before he leaves the country.再过两年他才会离开这个国家。
It wasn't two years before he left the country.不到两年他就离开了这个国家2.since引导的从句如果用非延续性动词,所表示的动作自从句谓语动作算起;若用延续性动词,所表示的动作自动作或状态的完成或结束时算起It's two years since we arrived here.我们到这儿两年了It's three years since we lived here.我们不住在这里有三年了三)表示“一……就……”含义的词(短语)引导的时间状语从句1.引导时间状语从句,且表示“一……就……”含义的词或短语有:as soon as,the moment,the minute,immediately,directly,hardly/scarcely... when,no sooner... than...2.hardly/scarcely... when,no sooner... than...中主句应用过去完成时,从句应用一般过去时;当no sooner...和hardly/scarcely...位于句首时,主句要部分倒装四)until与till引导的时间状语从句1.until与till引导时间状语从句的区别连词位置用法点津until可以放在句首not...until可用于强调句型till不可放在句首一般不用于强调句型2.not until位于句首时,主句要部分倒装。
五)引导时间状语从句的其他常见连词(短语)1.其他常见的引导时间状语从句的连词(短语)还有after,whenever,every time,each time,next time, the first/last time, any time, by the time, the day/year等Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help us.每当我们遇到困难,他们就来帮忙2.by the time引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时,主句用将来完成时;by the time引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时,主句用过去完成时By the time you come back, we'll have finished the job.到你回来的时候,我们将已经完成这项工作They had planted ten trees by the time we arrived.我们到的时候,他们已经种了10棵树了二、条件状语从句1.引导条件状语从句的常见从属连词有if,unless,as/so long as,in case(万一),once,on condition that,provided/providing (that),supposing(that)等。
You'll fail the exam unless you study hard.除非你努力学习,否则你会考试不及格As long as you don't lose heart,you will succeed.只要你不灰心,你就会成功In case there is a fire,what will we do first?万一发生火灾,我们首先做什么?2.在条件状语从句中,用一般现在时代替一般将来时,一般过去时代替过去将来时三、让步状语从句(一)although,though,as与while引导的让步状语从句1.although引导让步状语从句时,只能用正常语序;though引导让步状语从句时,可用正常语序,也可用倒装语序;as引导让步状语从句时只能用倒装语序,即从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首,若表语是单数名词,前置时要省略冠词Although the sun is shining, it isn't very warm.尽管艳阳高照,天气并不是很暖和Happy as they were, there was something missing.尽管他们快乐,但总缺少点什么。
2.although与though都可以与yet,still连用,但不能和but连用3.though还可以作副词,意为“可是,然而”,置于句末I've a bit of cold.It is nothing much,though.我有点感冒,不过不太严重4.while引导让步状语从句时,一般置于句首While I admit that there are problems,I don't agree that they cannot be solved.尽管我承认有问题存在,但我不同意说这些问题不能解决二)even if与even though引导的让步状语从句even if与even though表示“即使,纵然”,有退一步设想的意味,多用于书面语中I'll do it, even if it takes me all the afternoon.我要做这件事,即使它将花去我整个下午的时间Even if I were in your place, I wouldn't take the job.即使我处于你的位置,我也不会接受这份工作三)“no matter+疑问词”与“疑问词+ever”引导的让步状语从句1.“no matter+疑问词”相当于“疑问词+ever”,二者都可以引导让步状语从句。
Don't trust him, no matter what/whatever he says.无论他说什么,不要相信他2.whoever, whatever, whomever, whichever还可以引导名词性从句四)whether...or...引导的让步状语从句Whether you believe it or not, it is true.不管你相信与否,那都是真的四、地点状语从句1.引导地点状语从句的从属连词where, wherever指具体地点时,从句可位于主句之前或之后;表示抽象条件的含义时,从句需放在主句之前如:Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者,事竟成You are free to go wherever you like.你愿意去哪里就去哪里2.注意区分where引导的定语从句与状语从句如:You'd better make a mark where you have any questions.(状语从句)You'd better make a mark at the place where you have any questions. (定语从句)你最好在有问题的地方做一下标记。
五、原因状语从句1.引导原因状语从句的从属连词有:because, as, since, now that, seeing that, considering that,每个连词的含义不尽相同 区别项目 位置内涵语气能否回答why能否被强调because(因为)主句前或。












