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书面表达基础篇.ppt

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    • 书面表达系列复习书面表达系列复习 常见连接词常见连接词•表示罗列增加表示罗列增加 on the other hand, besides / what’s more/ in addition / furthermore/ moreover /another/ also, especially/ In particular, •表示解释说明表示解释说明 now, in addition, for example, for instance, in this case, moreover , furthermore, in fact, actually •表示时间顺序表示时间顺序 now, at present, recently, after, afterwards, after that, after a while, in a few days, at first, in the beginning, to begin with, later, next, finally, immediately, soon, suddenly, all of a sudden, at that moment , as soon as, the moment from now on, from then on, at the same time, meanwhile, till, not...until, before, after, when , while, as, during, •表示转折关系表示转折关系 but, however, while, though, or, otherwise, on the contrary, on the other hand, in contrast, despite, in spite of, even though, except (for), instead, of course, after all, • 表示并列关系表示并列关系 or, and, also, too, not only... but also, as well as, both... and, either ...or, neither...nor•表示条件关系表示条件关系 as (so) long as, on condition that, if, unless •表示因果关系表示因果关系 because, because of, since, now that, as, thanks to..., due to..., therefore, as a result (of), otherwise, so… that, such… that•表示让步关系表示让步关系 though, although, as, even if, even though, whether ...or..., however, whoever, whatever, whichever, wherever, whenever, no matter how (who, what, which, where, when, whom) •表示举例表示举例 for example, for instance, such as..., take... for example•表示比较表示比较 be similar to, similarly, the same as, in contrast, compared with (to)... just like, just as,•表示目的表示目的 for this reason, for the purpose of, so that, in order to , so as to, •表示强调表示强调 indeed, in fact, surely, certainly, no doubt, without any doubt, truly, obviously, above all, •表示概括归纳表示概括归纳 in a word, in short, in brief, on the whole, generally speaking, in my opinion, as far as I know, As we all know, as has been stated,,as I have shown, As far as I am concerned, finally, at last, in summary, in conclusion, We can draw a conclusion that…… 书面表达经典句式书面表达经典句式•是短文写作中使用率最高、覆盖面最是短文写作中使用率最高、覆盖面最广的以下基本句式,每组句式的功能广的以下基本句式,每组句式的功能相同或相似,考生可根据自己的情况相同或相似,考生可根据自己的情况选择其中的选择其中的1--2个,做到能够熟练正个,做到能够熟练正确地仿写或套用。

      确地仿写或套用 •1、表示原因、表示原因 •1))There are three reasons for this. •2))The reasons for this are as follows. •3))The reason for this is obvious. •4))The reason for this is not far to seek. •5))The reason for this is that... •6))We have good reason to believe that... •There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life. Firstly,,people’s living standard has been greatly improved. Secondly,,most people are well paid,,and they can afford what they need or like. Last but not least,,more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life. •注:如考生写第一个句子没有把握,可将注:如考生写第一个句子没有把握,可将其改写成两个句子。

      如:其改写成两个句子如:Great changes have taken place in our life. There are three reasons for this.这样写可以避免套这样写可以避免套用中的表达失误用中的表达失误 •2.表示好处表示好处 •1))It has the following advantages. •2))It does us a lot of good. •3))It benefits us quite a lot. •4))It is beneficial to us. •5))It is of great benefit to us. •例如:例如: •Books are like friends. They can help us know the world better,,and they can open our minds and widen our horizons. Therefore,,reading extensively is of great benefit to us. •3.表示坏处表示坏处 •1))It has more disadvantages than advantages. •2))It does us much harm. •3))It is harmful to us. •例如:例如: •However,,everything divides into two. Television can also be harmful to us. It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching television. •4.表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能 •1))It is important((necessary,,difficult,,convenient,, possible))for sb.to do sth. •2))We think it necessary to do sth. •3))It plays an important role in our life. •例如:例如: •Computers are now being used everywhere,,whether in the government,,in schools or in business. Soon, computers will be found in every home,,too. We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age. •5.表示措施表示措施 •1))We should take some effective measures. •2))We should try our best to overcome((conquer))the difficulties. •3))We should do our utmost in doing sth. •4))We should solve the problems that we are confronted((faced))with. •例如:例如: •The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious. Therefore,,we must take some effective measures to solve it. •6.表示变化表示变化 •1))Some changes have taken place in the past five years. •2))A great change will certainly be produced in the world’s communications. •3))The computer has brought about many changes in education. •例如:例如: •Some changes have taken place in people’s diet in the past five years. The major reasons for these changes are not far to seek. Nowadays,,more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein,,and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins. •7.表示事实、现状表示事实、现状 •1))We cannot ignore the fact that... •2))No one can deny the fact that... •3))There is no denying the fact that... •4))This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in. •5))However,,that’s not the case. •例如:例如: •We cannot ignore the fact that industrialization brings with it the problems of pollution. To solve these problems,, we can start by educating the public about the hazards of pollution. The government on its part should also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment. •8.表示比较表示比较 •1))Compared with A,,B... •2))I prefer to read rather than watch TV. •3))There is a striking contrast between them. •例如:例如: •Compared with cars,,bicycles have several advantages besides being affordable. Firstly,,they do not consume natural resources of petroleum. Secondly,,they do not cause the pollution problem. Last but not least,,they contribute to people’s health by giving them due physical exercise. •9.表示数量表示数量 •1))It has increased((decreased))from...to... •2))The population in this city has now increased ((decreased))to 800,,000. •3))The output of July in this factory increased by 15%% compared with that of January. •例如:例如: •With the improvement of the living standard,,the proportion of people’s income spent on food has decreased while that spent on education has increased. •再如:再如: •From the graph listed above,,it can be seen that student use of computers has increased from an average of less than two hours per week in 1990 to 20 hours in 2000. •10.表示看法表示看法 •1))People have((take,,adopt,,assume))different attitudes towards sth. •2))People have different opinions on this problem. •3))People take different views of((on))the question. •4))Some people believe that...Others argue that... •例如:例如: •People have different attitudes towards failure. Some believe that failure leads to success. Every failure they experience translates into a greater chance of success at their renewed endeavor. However,,others are easily discouraged by failures and put themselves into the category of losers. •再如:再如: •Do “lucky numbers really bring good luck??Different people have different views on it. •注:一个段落有时很适宜以问句开始,考注:一个段落有时很适宜以问句开始,考生应掌握这一写作方法。

      生应掌握这一写作方法 •11.表示结论表示结论 •1))In short,,it can be said that ... •2))It may be briefly summed up as follows. •3))From what has been mentioned above,,we can come to the conclusion that ... 例如:例如: •From what has been mentioned above,,we can come to the conclusion that examination is necessary,,however,, its method should be improved. •12.套语套语 •1))It’s well known to us that ... •2))As is known to us,,... •3))This is a topic that is being widely talked about. •4))From the graph((table,,chart))listed above,,it can be seen that ... •5))As a proverb says,,“Where there is a will,,there is a way. As is well known to us,,it is important for the students to know the world outside campus. The reason for this is obvious. Nowadays,,the society is changing and developing rapidly,,and the campus is no longer an “ivory tower. As college students,,we must get in touch with the world outside the campus. Only in this way can we adapt ourselves to the society quickly after we graduate. •再如:再如: •Does it pay to be honest??This is a topic that is being widely talked about and different people have different opinions on it. 。

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