高考英语大二轮 （直击考点+把脉高考+突破难点）完形填空 第1讲 记叙文专题复习课件（含调研、真题）.ppt

第一讲　记叙文记叙文是高考完形填空题的常用体裁，作者通过叙述的方式表达对某一特定人物的情感或评价2013·湖北卷)Zigfried，a little mouse，blew his breath on the frosty window of the farmhouse and rubbed it to see the outside.Still nobody came.Maybe today，he thought__31__.It was only a few days before Christmas and he was watching for a miracle (奇迹)．真题示例This farmhouse had been 32 too long.It needed a family.Zigfried’s 33 made a noise.He realized that he hadn’t eaten anything since yesterday.He jumped from the windowsill (窗沿)，grabbed a 34 from his home，and went next door to Farmer Mike’s.Farmer Mike’s house had been a great place for the little mouse 35 the farmer married a wife who had a cat.Zigfried 36 when he thought of it.He looked around cautiously as he 37 into the room where grain was stored and was quite 38 as he filled his bag with wheat.He was turning to leave when suddenly he 39 a hot breath about his ear.His heart beat 40 ，and without thinking he started to run and luckily 41 the cat’s paws (爪子)．Zigfried’s Christmas miracle did arrive!The house came 45 the next few days.Zigfried 46 every single hour of them. 47 ，the day before Christmas when he was drinking hot chocolate with a 48 smile at the door of his home，he heard the 49 of the children of the family about what they might get for Christmas.What？A cat？The 50 froze on his face；his mouth fell wide open.After a long while，he at last found his voice：“Hey！Whose Christmas miracle is this？”31．A.carefully　　B．excitedly　　 C．hopefully　　D．proudly32．A.shabby B．noisy C．messy D．empty33．A.mouth B．nose C．stomach D．throat34．A.bag B．stick C．bowl D．coat35．A.although B．until C．whereas D．unless36．A.leapt B．sniffed C．trembled D．withdrew37．A.broke B．marched C．paced D．stole38．A.curious B．nervous C．pitiful D．sensible39．A.took B．released C．felt D．drew40．A.strongly B．irregularly C．slowly D．wildly41．A.escaped B．seized C．rubbed D．scratched42．A.close B．happy C．new D．young43．A.celebrate B．communicate C．compete D．compromise44．A.across B．from C．off D．up45．A.alive B．loose C．open D．still46．A.counted B．enjoyed C．missed D．wasted47．A.However B．Instead C．Moreover D．Therefore48．A.bitter B．forced C．polite D．satisfied49．A.introduction B．discussion C．comment D．debate50．A.blood B．smile C．tear D．sweat 1．记叙文一般都有较为完整的六个要素，即时间、地点、人物、事件(经过)、原因、结果。

2．记叙文叙事方式有所不同，有的记叙文按照时间顺序叙述，最后点破故事的结局，有的记叙文采取倒叙的手法，先点明故事的结局和影响，然后再叙述故事的发生和发展3．记叙文往往有较强的故事趣味性，有情节跌宕起伏和情感细腻变化等特点，信息量很大作者在叙述过程中往往会融入人物语言、行为、心理的描写，这在一定程度上增加了考生理解文章的难度文本特点一、4个应试策略1．理清文章所用人称本文以第三人称“Zigfried”，一只小老鼠的角度进行叙述，读者可从字里行间感受到作者的态度和情感2．了解文章结构形式本文按时间先后顺序安排情节和内容，其优点是条理清楚、层次分明但是在有些记叙文中作者可能会采用插叙甚至倒叙的写作手法技法应用3．知晓记叙文六大要素这篇文章的六个要素为：事件：小老鼠过圣诞节；人物：Zigfried；时间：a few days before Christmas；地点：the farmhouse；原因：饥肠辘辘的小老鼠在圣诞节前觅食无果，但它没有放弃希望，等待着奇迹的出现；结果：Zigfried过上了富足的生活，但是好景不长，圣诞节这家的孩子会有一只猫作伴4．明确作者写作目的就事论事肯定不是记叙的目的，而是通过叙述阐明一个道理。

这篇文章的写作目的在文章的结尾处，“Whose Christmas miracle is this？告诉大家一个幽默故事”二、3个解题步骤第一步：速读全文，理清主线，把握主旨本文的主线：小老鼠Zigfried住在空荡荡的农舍，没吃没喝——圣诞节快到了，新主人的到来，Zigfried过上了富足的生活——好景不长，孩子有猫陪伴第二步：逐句推敲，瞻前顾后，顺藤摸瓜(1)逐句推敲，理清联系，找出主题句本句主题句：It was only a few days before Christmas and he was watching for a miracle(奇迹)．(2)瞻前顾后，锁定信息词，比对选项文中第一段的信息词为：miracle3)顺藤摸瓜，敲定答案由第一段所提供的信息词可知31空答案，圣诞节快到了，它满怀希望地想，或许今天有人来￿第三步：通读全文，统筹兼顾，重点击破带着已选答案，迅速通读全文，着眼一个“通”字，保证语义通顺，逻辑顺畅，符合作者情感历程轨迹；否则，不通则变，重点击破，重新考虑所选选项语篇解读　这是一篇幽默诙谐的小故事小老鼠Zigfried住在一座空荡荡的农舍，没吃没喝。

圣诞节快到了，这座房子搬来了新主人，Zigfried过上了富足的生活可惜好景不长，圣诞节这家的孩子就会有一只猫陪伴他们了那么，Zigfried这个圣诞节会过得怎么样呢？31．解析：　从语境的叙述看，这只小老鼠在窗户上哈气，然后把窗户擦亮，它满怀希望地想，或许今天会有人来这里用hopefully指它的一种心情其中关键词maybe(或许，有可能)说明对奇迹是否在今天出现不能十分肯定，只是“有希望”B项excitedly(激动地，兴奋地)在这里描述小老鼠的心情是不合适的答案：　C32．解析：　下文说“这座农舍需要有一家人住下”，由此可知这里表示这座农舍空荡荡的，没有人住，因此选D项答案：　D33．解析：　下文说它意识到自己从昨天起就没有吃东西了，根据常识可知，饿的时候是“肚子”叫，而不是“嘴巴”“鼻子”或者“喉咙”，因此选C项答案：　C34．解析：　下文第三段第38空所在句说它把口袋装满了小麦，这是很重要的提示，因此选A，它从自己的窝里拿起一个袋子就跑到隔壁的农民迈克家去了答案：　A35．解析：　从语境的连贯性判断选B，用until表示“直到”：迈克家一直是这只小老鼠的天堂，直到迈克娶了妻子，而他的妻子带来了一只猫。

猫是老鼠的天敌，猫来了对老鼠来说并不是一件好事，也就是说老鼠的好日子到头了答案：　B36．解析：　leap跳跃；sniff闻，嗅；tremble颤抖，发抖；withdraw撤退老鼠害怕猫是常识句意为：一想到他家的那只猫，Zigfride就(害怕得)浑身发抖答案：　C37．解析：　这里用steal(into)描述小老鼠小心翼翼的神态和动作：它一边谨慎地向四周看，一边蹑手蹑脚地溜进存放谷物的房间其中cautiously(小心翼翼地)是解题的关键点答案：　D38．解析：　前面提到，因为害怕那只猫，它很小心，因此在往袋子里装粮食的时候“很紧张”nervous形象地描述了老鼠当时害怕的心理答案：　B39．解析：　就在老鼠转身准备离开的时候，它感觉到耳旁有呼出的热气这里用feel表示“感觉”到外来的呼吸答案：　C40．解析：　老鼠知道形势不妙，猫来了，就在它旁边，面对危机，老鼠的心怦怦乱跳，因此选Done’s heart beat wildly心怦怦乱跳答案：　D41．解析：　老鼠赶紧逃窜，幸运地躲过了那只猫的抓捕其中，luckily是解题的提示答案：　A42．解析：　上文提到，这座农舍很长时间空荡荡的，没有人居住，既然是要搬来人家，那么应该选C表示“新来的”，而不是“密切的”“快乐的”“年轻的”。

答案：　C43．解析：　文章提到圣诞节，那么应该是celebrate庆祝，因此选A项语境表示奶奶要来跟它一起庆祝这个圣诞节答案：　A44．解析：　这里用介词up描述动作由远及近的方向，come up the road沿着这条路驶来句意为：不久，一辆汽车沿着通向这座房子的路驶来，载着黄油三明治、奶酪和巧克力答案：　D45．解析：　这座农舍因为有人的搬入，有了人气，开始充满活力，因此选A，表示“有生气，有活力”其他各项不符合语境答案：　A46．解析：　句中的them指前面提到的days，有人搬进来了，接下来的几天里，房子里面又开始活跃起来了，Zigfried尽情享受着每时每刻用enjoy表示“喜欢，享受”答案：　B47．解析：　从下文“What？A cat？”可知，孩子们是讨论圣诞节用猫做礼物的信息，老鼠的好日子到头了，故用转折副词however，表示“可是，然而”答案：　A48．解析：　这家原先没人居住，老鼠总是挨饿，而现在，它在自家门口喝着热巧克力，当然是觉得很满足了a satisfied smile满足的笑容，因此选D答案：　D49．解析：　这里用discussion指这些孩子七嘴八舌地在讨论他们圣诞节会得到什么礼物。

其他各项不符合语境答案：　B50．解析：　听说这家的孩子圣诞节就会有只猫了，老鼠Zigfried脸上原本满意的笑容一下子僵住了，这里用smile与第48空后的smile呼应答案：　BI would always turn to the crossword，but that day it didn’t 31 .I’d been doing it for 30 odd years，but trying to read this one was like treading through syrup (糖浆)： 32 slow and hard.I thought I must be tired.I said to my assistant.The 33 colleague contacted my wife，Beth，and she drove me straight to hospital.There，confirmation came that I’d had a stroke in the part of my brain that is in 34 of communication.I was now in a condition that means it’s difficult or 35 to receive and produce language.It was the only time I 36 .I was back home a week later，and my goal was to get better and 37 work in a couple of months.The way to 38 my language ability was rough.I’d look at simple pictures and try to describe them as my mind 39 round and round in the darkness，looking for words.As the months passed，it became 40 that I wasn’t going to be able to go back to my old job.For 25 years，I had 41 myself as a publisher.I was used to a busy day of meetings.I enjoyed colleagues and the 42 I’d had.I didn’t feel ready to say goodbye to my old self.There were times when I felt incredibly 43 .In the darkest months，I devoted myself to 44 .I couldn’t manage novels or newspapers， 45 I tried reading poetry，and found the shorter lines less overwhelming.My speech came back，and I learned how to read again，though much more slowly.I also learned the 46 to keep up.I allowed myself to slow down，and started to enjoy it. 47 ，I rid of my old skin.I grieved the past and started to 48 it.Now,10 years later，I look after my grandson a day a week，and my relationship with my family is deeper than ever.If you’d asked me 15 years ago to 49 the importance of the things in my life，I might have said work was the most important，but now I’m no longer a high­achieving publisher.I’m a 50 man.语篇解读　作者不幸患病不得不告别心爱的工作，由最初的难以割舍到逐渐妥协，最终作者接受了现实。

31．A.wear off　　　　B．make any senseC．make any difference D．pay off解析：　根据31空后面的“but trying to read this one was like treading through sysup(糖浆)”可知，此处应选B，make sense表示“易于理解”答案：　B32．A.temporarily B．scarcelyC．incredibly D．normally解析：　根据上下文内容可知，此处表示令人难以置信地(incredibly)慢temporarily暂时；scarcely简直不，勉强；normally通常，正常情况下答案：　C33．A.curious B．reservedC．annoyed D．kind­hearted解析：　根据常识可知此处表示好心的(kind­hearted)同事联系了作者的妻子答案：　D34．A.favor B．chargeC．defence D．need解析：　此处表示大脑的一片区域控制语言交流，in charge of负责，符合语境in favor of赞成；in defence of保卫；in need of需要。

答案：　B35．A.practical B．absurdC．impossible D．innocent解析：　根据35空前面的“difficult or”可知，四个选项中只有impossible不可能与之符合，故选C答案：　C36．A.prayed B．criedC．failed D．withdrew解析：　根据上下文内容可知，此处表示这是作者唯一的一次哭，故选cried答案：　B37．A.contribute to B．agree toC．return to D．appeal to解析：　根据40空后面的“go back to my old job”可知，作者的目标是几个月以后能回去上班，所以C项正确答案：　C38．A.obtaining B．rebuildingC．revealing D．acting解析：　此处表示作者想要恢复(rebuilding)自己的语言能力很难答案：　B39．A.slipped B．doubtedC．wandered D．wondered解析：　根据39空后面的“round and round in the darkness”可知，此处应选wandered，表示“游荡”。

答案：　C40．A.messy B．flexibleC．straightforward D．obvious解析：　很明显(obvious)作者不能回到原来的工作岗位了答案：　D41．A.informed B．estimatedC．reflected D．defined解析：　25年来，作者一直把自己划定为一个出版人，define...as...为固定搭配，表示“把……划定为……”答案：　D42．A.extinction B．rewardC．award D．status解析：　根据42空前面的“I was used to a busy day of meetings”可知，作者享受他曾拥有的地位(status)答案：　D43．A.angry B．ashamedC．prejudiced D．merciless解析：　有时候，作者会感到极其生气(angry)答案：　A44．A.describing B．tryingC．writing D．managing解析：　根据45空后面的“tried”可知，此处应用trying答案：　B45．A.since B．untilC．so D．as解析：　根据上下文语境可知，此处表示“所以”，故用so。

答案：　C46．A.favor B．patienceC．coincidence D．comfort解析：　根据46空后面的“I allowed myself to slow down，and started to enjoy it.”可知，patience耐心，符合语境答案：　B47．A.Gradually B．HopefullyC．Narrowly D．Annually解析：　渐渐地(Gradually)，作者抛掉了以前的自己答案：　A48．A.keep up with B．come to terms withC．get down to D．live up to解析：　作者缅怀过去并开始妥协接受一切come to terms with表示“接受(令人不快的事情)，适应(困难的处境)”答案：　B49．A.arrange B．compareC．rank D．declare解析：　如果15年前你让作者将生命中的事情按重要程度排序，作者也许会说工作是最重要的rank确定……的地位(等级)答案：　C50．A.genius B．communityC．dignity D．family解析：　根据上文的“and my relationship with my family is deeper than ever”和“but now I’m no longer a high­achieving publisher”可知，此处应用family。

答案：　DLast night she got 33 in Friday evening rush hour.She was going to be 34 for her date.She was already 35 when things seemed to be getting worse and all the traffic stopped.Elaine drove 36 over to the emergency lane.Soon she saw the red flashing lights in the mirror.She had to 37 her car.A good­looking officer walked up.“Officer，my boyfriend left me after he got me pregnant.I have constant morning sickness.I’m just trying to get to the nearest store to buy my 38 .” She looked at the officer with 39 eyes.He looked at her pitifully，then said 40 ，“Okay，ma’am.Take the first exit.I hope you’ll be feeling better.”The officer walked back to his car and Elaine drove on.This was the second time that 41 had worked for her.She had one more thing to do before she got home.She had to mail a package.When she got to the shopping mall at 7 pm，no parking was 42 ，except for the handicapped space.Elaine drove right into it.She would only be a minute，she told 43 .All she had to do was 44 the post office，get the package 45 ，and pay the clerk.Fortunately，there was no 46 in the store.Everything was done so 47 that she was whistling while she walked back out to her car.Then she stopped 48 .There was an envelope on the windshield (挡风玻璃)．She opened it slowly.She knew 49 it was，bat not how much it was.She screamed when she saw the 50 .A dog started barking.语篇解读　本文主要讲述了在晚上回家的途中发生在女推销员Elaine身上的事情。

31．A.depended　　　　B．carriedC．talked D．sold解析：　她在开车时通常打、喝苏打汽水或吃三明治talk(to sb.)on one’s cellphone意为“用(和某人)通话”答案：　C32．A.full B．openC．free D．busy解析：　在开车时她的手、腿和嘴巴总是闲不住busy忙碌的，符合语境答案：　D33．A.stuck B．hurtC．annoyed D．punished解析：　昨晚她赶上了周五晚上的交通高峰期get stuck in意为“陷入……”答案：　A34．A.late B．readyC．excited D．mad解析：　她的约会要迟到了be late for迟到，符合语境答案：　A35．A.satisfied B．angryC．exhausted D．calm解析：　就在事情似乎变得更糟糕，所有的交通都停止的时候，她已经生气了angry生气的，发怒的答案：　B36．A.reluctantly B．immediatelyC．guiltily D．gratefully解析：　Elaine立即(immediately)将车开上应急车道。

此空与文章第一段第二句中的“quickly”相呼应答案：　B37．A.stop B．startC．discard D．speed解析：　她不得不将车停(stop)下答案：　A38．A.gas B．ticketC．medicine D．package解析：　她说她只是想到最近的商店买点儿药(medicine)答案：　C39．A.innocent B．aggressiveC．addicted D．proud解析：　她用无辜的(innocent)眼神望着那名警官答案：　A40．A.softly B．rudelyC．strictly D．skeptically解析：　他满怀同情地看着她，温和地(softly)说：“那行，女士走第一个出口吧我希望你会好起来答案：　A41．A.officer B．excuseC．driver D．mistake解析：　这是那个借口(excuse)第二次奏效了答案：　B42．A.adoptable B．accessibleC．acceptable D．available解析：　当她晚上7点钟到达购物中心的时候，除了残疾人专区外，已没有可供使用的(available)泊车位。

答案：　D43．A.the clerk B．the guardC．the worker D．herself解析：　她告诉自己，只会停一分钟反身代词herself在此作told的宾语答案：　D44．A.take out B．get outC．run into D．push into解析：　她要做的就是跑进(run into)邮局，将包裹称重(weighed)，并付钱给工作人员答案：　C45．A.weighed B．printedC．repaired D．paid解析：　参见上题解析答案：　A46．A.car B．lineC．police D．service解析：　幸运的是，不需要排队line队伍，行列，符合语境答案：　B47．A.quickly B．slowlyC．strangely D．quietly解析：　一切都做得很快(quickly)以至于她往回走向汽车时竟吹起了口哨答案：　A48．A.talking B．drivingC．thinking D．whistling解析：　她停止吹口哨(whistling)答案：　D49．A.how B．whyC．what D．that解析：　她知道那是什么(what)，但她不知道是多少。

答案：　C50．A.letter B．orderC．amount D．invitation解析：　当她看到罚单上的金额(amount)时，她尖叫起来答案：　C。