高级英语课本第PPT课件.ppt

Lesson 2 Hiroshima—the “Liveliest” City in Japan#ContentsI.Teaching ObjectivesII.Background InformationIII.Warming-upIV.Detailed Study of the TextV.Summary and Homework #I. Teaching Objectives•To know the background of “Hiroshima”•To grasp the main idea and the theme of this essay•To master the language points#II. Background Information1. About Hiroshima2. Atomic BombHiroshima##Hiroshima Hiroshima, city on southwestern Honshû Island, Japan, capital of Hiroshima Prefecture, is at the head of Hiroshima Bay, an arm of the Inland Sea. The city was founded in 1594 on six islands in the Ôta River Delta. The name Hiroshima means broad Island. Hiroshima grew rapidly as a castle town and commercial city, and after 1868 it was developed as a military center.  On August 6, 1945, during World War II (1939-1945), the first atomic bomb was dropped on the city of Hiroshima, a military center, by the United States Army Air Forces. According to U.S. estimates, 60,000  to  70,000 people were killed or missing as a result of the bomb and many more were made homeless. (In 1940, the population of Hiroshima was 343,698.) Atomic Bombing over Hiroshima# Many more later died of injuries and the  effects  of  radiation.  Casualties numbered  nearly  130,000.  Survivors are still dying of leukemia, pernicious anemia  and  other  diseases  induced by radiation. The Bomb Called “Little Boy” (H1.47m)Though the bomb was long and thin in shape, it grew shorter over the course of the project. Hence, the final bomb was called “Little Boy ”.The Bomb Called “Little Boy”The bombing team had the picture taken after their task had been finished, well before the plane “enola gay”.The Scorched Plain of HiroshimaThe T-shaped Aioi Bridge in the center of the photo is the target of the bombing. The land mass lying behind the bridge and sandwiched between two rivers is Nakajima-cho (the present Peace Memorial Park). Mushroom Cloud Black Rain After the explosion, a huge mushroom-shaped cloud towered over Hiroshima. Twenty or thirty minutes later, it was picked up by a westward wind and drifted northeast. The cloud rained black rain on the areas it passed over. The rain contained mud and dust stirred up by the explosion, soot from the fires, and radioactive materials.   Hiroshima after the atomic bombardment  three hours after the explosion over Hiroshima Time seemed to have frozen after the explosion. Bird view of Hiroshima 3 weeks after the explosionA man burned by the heat ray except where his waistband covered himAugust 7, 1945This man exposed within a kilometer of the hypocenter was critically burned over his whole body except where his waistband covered him. This woman’s kimono pattern was burned into her skin.Around August 15, 1945Because dark colors absorb heat more readily than light colors, the heat ray burned the dark parts of this woman’s kimono pattern into her skin. The injured citizens waiting to be examinedA badly burnt back of a Japanese manRadiation left eternal scars on these people.  In 1949 the Japanese dedicated Hiroshima as an international shrine of peace. After the war, the city was largely rebuilt, and commercial activities were resumed. Machinery, automobiles, food processing, and brewing are the main industries. Hiroshima after the War The Japanese dedicated post-war Hiroshima to peace. A destroyed area named “Peace City” has been set aside as a memorial. A peace park was build. A special hospital built here treats people suffering from exposure to radiation and conducts research into its effects. Atomic Bomb DomeThe Atomic Bomb Dome is one of the few buildings around the explosion’s epicenter that partially survived the blast, and the city’s only remaining bomb damaged building. Peace Memorial Park and the Heart of Hiroshima High-rise buildings line the downtown streets, but the park is filled with green, an appropriate place to pray for world peace. Peace Memorial Museum The Peace Memorial Park was built to commemorate the atomic bomb on August 6, 1945 and to promote a peaceful world. It is located in the area around the atomic explosion’s epicenter. Memorial Cenotaph Between the museum and the Atomic Bomb Dome stands the Memorial  Cenotaph  for Atomic Bomb Victims. It contains a list of all the people who were killed by the explosion or died due to the bombing’s long-term effects such as cancer caused by radiation. #Discussion•What is your attitude towards the atomic bombing over Hiroshima?•According to you, is a bombing or a battle an appropriate way of solving problems? Why? Why not?III. Warming-up1.Why Hiroshima was bombed?2.Why the word “Liveliest” is put in quotation marks?3. Where had the author gone while he was in Hiroshma?1. Some important datesØ1938: Munich Pact, which sacrificed Czechoslovakia to GermanyØAug. 1939: Germany and USSR concluded a non-aggression pactØSept.1, 1939: Hitler invaded Poland. France and Britain declared war on Germany immediately, officially beginning World War II. At the same time, USSR annexed Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia.ØJun.22, 1941: Germany invaded USSRØDec. 7, 1941: Japan attacked Pearl Harbour, bringing the US into the war ØSept. 1943: Italy surrenderedØMay 7, 1945: Germany surrendered unconditionallyØAug. 6, 1945: the first A-bomb exploded in HiroshimaØAug. 8, 1945: USSR declared war on Japan and occupied ManchuriaØAug. 9, 1945: the dropping of the second A-bomb on NagasakiØAug. 14, 1945: Japan announced its surrender 2. Is Hiroshima really the “liveliest” city in Japan? The word “liveliest” is put in quotation marks to show that this is what the city is said to be and the writer perhaps considers it ironic to use the word “liveliest” to describe a city that had been atomized. 3. Complete the following flowchart (showing what places in Hiroshima the author went to).1) Getting off the train in Hiroshima2)3)4)City HallRestaurant (boat)HospitalIV. Detailed Analysis of the TextPara 1. Question: How did the author feel when he stepped on the soil of Hiroshima?1. And secondly, because I had a lump in my throat and a lot of sad thoughts on my mind…might say: lump: a mass of sth. solid without a special size of shape   ①① a lump of lead, sugar   ②② a hard swelling lump on the body   ③③ She was afraid when she felt a lump in her waist.1) I had a lump in my throat:     I  was  choked  with  emotion;  I  was  so overcome with emotion that I could not speak or think clearly.     a lump in one’s throat:     a feeling of pressure in one’s throat, caused by  repressed  emotion,  such  as  sorrow  or gratitude    ①① All during her husband's funeral, she had a lump in her throat.     ②② John’s mother had a a lump in her throat at his college graduation.  2) A lot of sad thoughts on my mind:     I was troubled about some sad events; I was occupied with some sad thoughts.    on  my  mind:  troubling  one’s  thoughts, causing  anxiety,  unhappiness.  When  you have sth. on your mind, you can’t get rid of it, you are completely preoccupied, and obsessed.     ①① His failure weighs heavily on his mind.    ②② He has got too much on his mind to worry about your problem.    The strong sensation sorrow made me unable to breathe or  to speak as if my throat was choked, /  as  if  my  throat  got  blocked  by something solid and there was no relation between my thoughts and the words of a Japanese railways official.   Question:   Why  did  the  author  have  such  a sad  feeling  before  he  got  off  the train?   (partially, it is related to the next sentence)2. the very act of stepping on this soil:    act and action: Action refers primarily to  the  process  of  acting;  act  to  the result,  the  things  done.  An  action  is usually  regarded  as  occupying some time  and  involving  more  than  one step;  an  act  is  more  frequently thought of as momentary of instantaneous and as individual.   on this soil: on this land, on this earth, ground.  The  word  SOIL  conveys  a strong  emotion,  and  it  is  an  emotive word. Here it suggests the emotion of the  author.  He  thinks  his  country  is responsible for the A-bomb destruction.  He  is  preoccupied.  He has  the  feeling  of  atoning  (making repayment) for the crime.3. Was I not at the scene of the crime?1) scene: place of an actual event2) the crime: the dropping of the A-bomb on Hiroshina3) He was preoccupied with some sad thoughts—the crime of the A-bomb. He was tortured by a guilty conscience. #Rhetorical Question Was I not at the scene of the crime?•It is for effect.•It needn’t an answer.#4.  slipped  to  a  stop:  came  to  a  stop smoothly and effortlessly, in a gliding manner  (alliteration  /  initial  rhyme  / head rhyme)   slide, slip, glide •slide implies accelerated motion without loosing contact with the slippery surface.#•slip often suggests involuntary rather than voluntary, sometimes even definitely implying a loss of footing and a fall. •glide, rather close to slide, means to move smoothly, quietly and continuously, as is characteristic of dances.    E.g. The  plane glided down to the airfield. Information provided in the Para. 1.1) The author was here on a reportorial mission. 2) Hiroshima  was  not  the  author’s  first assignment. 3) He  was  preoccupied  with  some  sad thoughts—the crime of the A-bomb. He was tortured by a guilty conscience.4) He didn’t understand Japanese. #Summary•Background Information about Hiroshima and the Atomic Bombing•Language Points#Homework•Paraphrase the following sentence:   The very act of stepping on this soil, in breathing this air of Hiroshima, was for me a far greater adventure than any trip or any reportorial assignment I’d previously taken.•Preview the left part of Lesson 2.。