初中英语代词讲解及练习2.docx

完整版本初中英语代词优选讲解及练习代 词【是什么】1. 人称代词主格、宾格形式及其主要用法；2. 名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的形式、差别及其主要用法；3 反身代词的形式、意义及其主要用法；4 常有不定代词的一般用法；5. 指示代词的一般用法，并认识其在上下文中的指代用法；6. 互相代词的基本用法；7. 疑问代词的基本用法8. 关系代词的基本用法知识点】代词是取代名词、形容词和数词的词按其意义、特点及其在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、互相代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词等一 . 人称代词1.人称代词的人称、数和格，以下表所示主格宾格第一单数I 我me 我人称复数we我们us我们第二单数you你you你人称复数you你们you 你们第单he他him 他三数she她her 她人it它it 它称复they 他们、them 他们、数她们、它们她们、它们2.人称代词有主格和宾格之分往常主格作主语，宾格作宾语如：I like table tennis.（作主语）Do you know him? （作宾语）3.人称代词还可作表语作表语时用宾格如：---Whos is knocking at the door?--- It ’sme.4.人称代词在than 以后与其余人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都能够。

如：He is older than me.He is older than I am.二 . 物主代词1.表示所相关系的代词叫物主代词物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，以下表所示物主代词形容词型名词型第一人称mymine单数youryours第二人称hishis第三人称herhersitsits第一人称ourours复数第二人称youryours第三人称theirtheirs2. 形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语比如：Our teacher is coming to see us.This is her pencil-box.3. 名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语Our school is here, and theirs is there. （作主语）--- Is this English-book yours? （作表语）--- No. Mine is in my bag.I've already finished my homework. Have you finished yours?（作宾语）三. 指示代词指示代词包含：this，that ， these， those 。

1. this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人，that和those则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人，比如：This is a pen and that is a pencil ．We are busy these days ．In those days the workers had a hard time ．2. 有时 that 和 those 指前面讲到过的事物，到的事物，比如：this和these则是指下边将要讲I had a cold. That's why I didn't come.What I want to say is this ; pronunciation is very important in learning English3. 有时为了防止重复提到的名词，常可用that 或 those 取代，比如：Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai ．4. this在用语中代表自己，that 则代表对方比如：Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking?．四.反身代词英语顶用来表示" 我自己 " ， "你自己"， " 他自己 " ， "我们自己"， " 你们自己"等意义的代词称为反身代词，也有人称之为自己代名词，其形式如表所示。

反身代词第一人称myself第二人称yourself单数himself第三人称herselfitself第一人称ourselves复数第二人称yuorselves第三人称themselves反身代词能够在句中作宾语，表语，同位语1. 作宾语，表示动作的蒙受者就是动作的发出者，主语和宾语指同一个人或一些人He called himself a writer ．Would you please express yourself in English?2. 作表语It doesn't matter． I'll be myself soon ．The girl in the news is myself ．3. 作主语或宾语的同位语，表示亲身或自己I myself washed the clothes ．（ =I washed the clothes myself. ）（作主语同位语）You should ask the teacher himself ．（作宾语同位语）五 . 不定代词不是指明朝替任何特命名词的代词叫做不定代词，在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语现将几个常用的不定代词举例说明以下：1. some 与 any 的差别1） some 多用于一定句，表示“一些，几个”作形容词时，后边能够接①不行数名词+单数动词；②可数名词+复数动词。

Look! Some of the students are cleaning the library.. Some rice in the bag has been sold out.2）any 多用于疑问句、条件句和否认句中，表示“一些，任何”用作形容词时，后边能够接①不行数名词 +单数动词；②可数名词 +复数动词If you have any questions, please ask me.There isn't any orange in the bottle.Have you got any tea?3）any 和 some 也能够作代词用，表示“一些”any 多用于疑问句或否认句中， some多用于一定句中How many people can you see in the picture?I can't see any.If you have no money, I'll lend you some.注意：与 some, any 联合的词如 something, somebody, someone, anything, anyone,anybody 在一定句、 否认句、 疑问句、 条件句中的用法，大概和 some, any 的用法同样。

2. few, a few, little, a little在用法上的差别1）用作形容词：含义表示一定表示否认用法用于可数名词a few 虽少，但有几个few用于不行数名词a little ，虽少，但有一点littleI'm going to buy a few apples.He can speak only a little Chinese.There is only a little milk in the glass.He has few friends.They had little money with them.2） a little 和 little 也能够用作副词，a little 表示“有点，略微”，不多，几乎没有不多，没有什么little 表示“极少”I'm a little hungry. ( 修饰形容词 hungry)Let him sleep a little. ( 修饰动词 sleep)Mary, go a little faster, please. ( 修饰副词比较级 )She slept very little last night.3. other, the other, another, others, the others 的差别。

用 法代名词形容词单数复数单数复数不定anotherothersanother (boy)other (boys)另一个他人，其余人另一个（男孩）其余男孩特定the otherthe othersthe other (boy)the other (boys)另一个其余那些人、物另一个男孩其余那些男孩1） other 能够作形容词用，后边能够跟单数或复数名词，意思是“其余的、其余”Where are his other books?I haven't any other books except this one.2） other 也能够用作代词，与冠词 the 连用组成“ the other”，表示两个人或物中的“另一个”常与 one 搭配组成“ one ..., the other ...”句型He has two brothers. One is 10 years old , the other is 5 years old.She held a ruler in one hand and an exercise-book in the other.3）other 作代词用时，能够有复数“others”，泛指“此外的人或物”。

常与成“ some ...., others ...”句型some 搭配构Some went to the cinema, others went swimming.This coat is too large. Show me some others, please.4）“ the others”表示特指某范围内的“其余的人或物”We got home by 4 o'clock, but the others didn't get back until 8 o'clock.In our class only Tom is English, the others are Chinese.5） another 能够作形容词用，修饰后边的名词，意为“另一个”，还能够跟代词You can see another ship in the sea, c。