考研大趋势之一：考研英语基础复习必备1998.docx

考研大趋势之一：考研英语基础复习必备1998 Text 11/381998年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试试题Text 1题材：社会生活类词数：3551. ❶Few creations of big technology capture the imagination like giant dams. ©Perhaps it is humankind' s long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought that makes the idea of forcing the waters to do our bidding so fascinating. ©But to be fascinated is also, sometimes, to be blind. ©Several giant dam projects threaten to do more harm than good.2. ❶The lesson from dams is that big is not always beautiful. ©It doesn' t help that building a big, powerful dam has become a symbol of achievement for nations and people striving to assert themselves. ❸ Egypt' s leadership in the Arab world was cemented by the Aswan High Dam. ❹Turkey' s bid for First World status includes the giantAtaturk Dam.3. OBut big dams tend not to work as intended.❷The Aswan Dam, for example, stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left——all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity.4. ❶And yet, the myth of controlling the waters persists. ©This week, in the heart of civilized Europe, Slovaks and Hungarians stopped just short of sending in the troops in their contention over a dam on the Danube. ©The huge complex will probably have all the usual problems of big dams. ❹But Slovakia is bidding for independence from the Czechs, and now needs a dam to prove itself.5. ❶ Meanwhile, in India, the World Bank has given the go-ahead to the even more wrong-headed Narmada Dam. ❷And the bank has done this even though its advisors say the dam will cause hardship for the powerless and environmental destruction. ©The benefits are for the powerful, but they are far from guaranteed.6. ❶Proper, scientific study of the impacts of dams and of the cost and benefits of controlling water can help to resolve these conflicts. ©Hydroelectric power and flood control and irrigation are possible without building monster dams. ©But when you are dealing with myths, it is hard to be either proper, or scientific. 01t is time that the world learned the lessons of Aswan. ©You don' t need a dam to be saved.Text 1文章内容全解一、试题出处分析本文是一篇观点论证型文章，文章通过列举多个例子指出人们过去与现在都非常迷恋建造大坝，但建造大坝可能弊大于利，因此，作者建议人们在建造大坝的时候谨慎行事，科学建坝。

二、原文深度解读Para 11. Perhaps it is humankind' s long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought状语强调句型主句主语介词短语作后置定语that makes the idea of forcing the waters to do our bidding so fascinating.(P1S2)考研大趋势之一：考研英语基础复习必备1998 Text 12/38强调句型主句谓语主句宾语介词短语作后置定语宾语补足语翻译可能正是因为人类长期遭受旱涝灾害的摆布才使得人们如此痴迷于治理江河、供我驱策的理想解析本句是复合句，且是一个强调句，句子的主干为…humankind' s long suffering,,emakes the idea,,, so fascinating oat the mercy of任由 摆布，在 面前毫无办法flood/flAd/n.(l)洪水；水灾(2)(因雨)涨潮，涨水(3)(流出或发出的)一大阵，一批，大量；滔滔不绝II v.(l)淹没；(使)泛滥(2)涌到，涌进；充满，充斥真题例句 The Aswan Dam, for example, stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left-all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity.以阿斯旺大坝为例，它阻止了尼罗河洪水泛滥，但也使埃及失去了洪水冲击过后所留卜•的肥沃淤泥——换回来的却是一个疾病滋生的水库，现在这个水库积满了淤泥，几乎不能发电了。

1998阅读textl para3 s2) drought/draut/n.(l)干旱季节：旱灾(2)(长期的)缺乏do oneJ s bidding听从某人的吩咐 Para 22. It doesn' t help I that building a big, powerful dam has become 形式主语主句谓语主语从句标志词从句主语系表结构作从句谓语 a symbol of achievement for nations and people striving to assert themselves.(P2S2) 介词短语作后置定语现在分词短语作后置定语翻译但这个教训也无法阻止修建高大雄伟的大坝已成为那些力求得到自我肯定的国家和人民的伟大成就的象征解析本句为复合句，句子的主干为It doesn* t help that--*o It是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句dam/daem/n.水坝，水堤，水闸symbol/Dsimbsl/ n.⑴象征(2)符号；记号；代号串记同族：symbolism(n.象征主义；象征手法)symbolic(al)(adj.象征的，象征性的；符号的)symbolize”.象征；用符号表示)strive/straiv/vi.(l)努力，奋斗,力求(2)斗争；反抗真题例句①We learn from the beginning of the passage that Web business has been striving to expand its market.从本文的开头我们知道，网络商业正在努力扩大自己的市场。

1999阅读 text2 Q55)②But in earlier times it meant a friendly but competitive striving for fame and excellence.而在早期，它却意味着为名誉和优秀而进行友好、竞争的拼搏1996阅读text4 para9 s3) 搭配strive after为了 而奋斗strive for努力获得 strive to do sth.努力做某事strive against/with 与 作斗争assert/口S3 ： 宣称；断言(2)维护,坚持(观点、权利等)真题例句① He was willing to assert that “I have a fair share of invention, and of common sense or judgment, such as every fairly successful lawyer or doctor must have, but not, I believe, in any higher degree.”他倒乐意称自己“我有些发明的天分，有常识，也有判断力，就像每位成功的律师或医生都必须有的，但我相信，并不比他们更好”。

2008翻译paral slO) ②The author asserts that scientists shouldn' t neglect to speculate on unpredictable things.作者断言科学家们不应该忽视在不可预测的事情上的推断1999阅读text5 Q68)考研大趋势之一：考研英语基础复习必备1998 Text 13/38③During the discussion of rock singing verses at last month' s stockholders' meeting, Levin asserted that a music is not the cause of society * s ills “ and even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to communicate with students.在上个月就摇滚乐歌词进行讨论的股东会议上，列文宣称“音乐不是社会弊病的根源”，他甚至还以自己的儿子为例， 他儿子是纽约州布朗克斯的一名教师，上课时用说唱的形式与学生进行交流。

1997阅读 text4 para4 s2)④He asserted, also, that his power to follow a long and pu。