
人教版必修五1-3单元单词变形及重点短语总结 (1).doc
2页Unit 1-3 期末复习资料一、单词变形1. character n. 性格;特性;角色;文字→characteristic n. 特征;特性2. science n. 科学;理科→scientist n.科学家→scientific adj. 科学的3.conclude vt.&vi. 结束;推断出→conclusion n. 结论;结束4.challenge n. 挑战 vt.向……挑战→challenging adj. 具有挑战性的;考验能力的5.absorb vt. 吸收;吸引;使专心→absorbed adj. 全神贯注的;被……吸引的6.pollute vt. 污染;弄脏→polluted adj. 受污染的→pollution n. 污染7.announce vt. 宣布;通告→announcement n. 公告;宣布8.instruct vt.命令;指示;教导→instruction n. 命令;用法说明 9.responsible adj.有责任的;负责的→responsibility n. 责任;职责10.construct vt.建设;修建→construction n.建设;建筑物11.contribute vt.&vi.捐献;贡献;捐助→contribution n.贡献;捐赠12.movement n.移动;运动;动作→move v.移动;搬动13.enthusiasticadj.热情的;热心的→enthusiasm n.热情;热心14.caution n.小心;谨慎→cautious adj.小心的;谨慎的15.reject vt.拒绝;不接受;抛弃→rejection n.拒绝;16.unite vt.&vi.联合;团结→union n.联合;联盟;结合;协会→united adj. 联合的;团结的17.analyse vt.分析→analysis n.分析→analyses (pl.)18.will n. 意志;意愿→willing adj.愿意的,乐意的→unwilling adj.不愿意的→willingness n. 乐意;心甘情愿19.accomplish vt.完成;达到;实现→accomplishment n.成就;功绩20.rough adj.粗糙的;粗暴的→roughly adv.粗略的;粗暴的21.convenience n.方便;便利→convenient adj.方便的;便利的22. attract vt.吸引;引起注意→attraction n.吸引;吸引人的事物→attractive adj.吸引人的23. collection n.收藏品;珍藏;收集→collect v.收集24.description n.描写;描述→describe vt.描写;描述25.enjoy vt.欣喜;享有→enjoyable adj.令人愉快的;使人高兴的→enjoyment n. 愉快;令人愉快的事26.furnished adj.配备好装备的;带家具的→furniture n.家具27.possibility n.可能(性)→possible adj.可能的→possibly adv.可能地28.arrange vt.筹备;安排;整理→arrangement n.安排;筹备工作29.delight n.快乐;高兴;喜悦 vt. 使高兴;使欣喜→delighted adj.高兴的;喜悦的→delightful adj.令人喜悦的30. consideration n.体谅,体贴;考虑;(作计划或决定时)必须考虑的事→consider v.考虑,细想→considerable adj.值得考虑的→considerate adj.考虑周到的,体贴的31.impression n.印象;感想;印记→impress vt. 给……留下深刻印象→impressive adj. 给人印象深刻的32.constant adj.时常发生的;连续不断的→contantly adv.不断地33.guide n.指导;导游;向导vt. 指引;指导→guidance n.指引;指导34.surroundings n.周围的事物;环境→surrounding adj. 周围的→surround vt. 包围;环绕35.adjustment n.调整;调节→adjust vt.调整;调节bination n.结合;组合→combine vt.结合;组合37.press vt.&vi.按;压;逼迫 n. 按;压;印刷;新闻→pressure n.压力;挤压38.optimistic adj.乐观的→optimistically avj.乐观地→optimism n.乐观;乐观主义39.efficiency n.效率;功效→efficient adj.效率高的;有能力的40.ecology n.生态;生态学→ecologist n.生态学家→ecological adj. 生态的41.greedyadj.贪吃的;贪婪的;贪心的→greed n. 贪吃;贪婪;贪心42.recycle vt.回收利用;再利用→recycling n. 回收利用;回收的物品→recyclable adj.可循环的43.settlement n.定居;解决→settle v.解决;定居→settler n. 移居者;拓荒者44.motivation n.动机→motivate vt. 激发;激励45.dispose vt. 布置;安排→disposal n. 清除;处理二、常见搭配1.put forward 提出 put out 扑灭;熄灭 put up 举起;张贴;搭建;提供食宿2. to conclude 总而言之,最后 in conclusion 最后,总之 bring sth. to a conclusion 结束…… draw/reach/arrive at/come/to a conclusion 得出结论3. expose…to…使……暴露于…… be exposed to 暴露于;接触 4. demand sth. of/from sb. 向某人要某物 demand of sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 demand to do sth. 要求做某事 demand that…(从句用虚拟语气)5. a cure for sth. 医治某种病的方法 cure sb. of sth. 治愈某人的病6. announce sth. to sb.=announce to sb. sth.向某人宣布某事 It’s announced that… 据宣布……. make an announcement (to sb.) (向某人)发表声明7. absorb … from 从……中吸收 absorb…into…把…..吸收入 absorb oneself in= be absorbed in 专心于;全神贯注于 8. be made up of = be composed of = consist of (无被动及进行时)由……组成/构成 make up for 弥补,补偿 make full use of=make the most of 充分利用 make sense 有意义,讲的通 make a difference 起作用,有影响 make up one’s mind 下定决心 make it 获得成功;渡过难关e down to 可归结为;(风俗、习惯等)流传到;沦落为(to为介词) come across (偶然)遇到;(偶然)发现 come up (无被动语态)被提及come up with提出;提供(主意,建议,答案等) come out 出版,发表;显示;出现10.be delighted to do/ that… 高兴做某事 be delighted with 对…….感到满意/高兴take (great) delight in doing sth.= delight in doing sth. 乐于做某事;以做某事为乐with delight 高兴地 to one’s delight 使某人高兴的是“to one’s +名词”结构 使某人……的是to one’s surprise= to one’s amazement 使某人惊讶的是. to one’s joy使某人高兴的是to one’s disappointment 是某人失望的是 11.arise (arose, arisen, arising) vi. 出现,发生;产生;(由……)引起;起床,起身 arise from 由…….产生,由…….引起 rise (rose, risen, rising) vi. 升起,上升;增长;起身,起床 raise(raised,raised,raising)vt. 举起;唤起;提高;饲养;抚养=bring up12. sb. be to blame某人应受责备(主动表被动) blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人 blame sb. for sth. 因某事责备某人13. instruct sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 instruct sb. in (doing) sth. 指导某人(做)某事 14. concentrate on(doing)sth. 专心(做)某事 focus on(doing)sth. 专心(做)某事 concentrate/focus/fix one’s mind/attention on… 集中注意力…;致力于…;15. make a contribution/contributions to…为……做贡献;给…….捐款 contribute…to…向……捐……;为…….撰稿 contribute to (doing) sth.有助于…….16. It is convenient for sb. to do sth. 某人方便做某事 at one’ convenience 在某人方便的时候 for convenience 为了方便 when it is convenient for you 当你方便的时候17. attract one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力/目光 attract sb. to sth. 吸引某人关注某事18. make/ leave an(…) impression on sb. 给某人留下……印象have an (…)impression of sb.对某人有……印象 be impressed with/by 对……印象深刻;被……所打动 19. take up 拿起;接受;开始;继续;占据 take in 接受;收留。












