长难句每日一练.doc

4月23日（周四） 1、They also serve who only stand and wait.结构分析：关键是对who引导的从句进行性质定位，多数同学第一反应是把who引导的从句视作成serve的宾语从句，这样理解一方面句意略有瑕疵，另一方面who引导宾语从句时多是疑问词义“谁”，表示疑问，例如：I wonder who stole my wallet.我不知道谁偷了我的钱包 因此，可以转而想到分隔结构，定语和所修饰的名词有三种关系“前定”、“后定”和“分定”，前两种情况大家比较熟悉，“分定”比较陌生，例如：He laughs best (who laughts last).（笑到最后的）人笑得最好此句本应写成：He (who laughs last) laughs best.，但出于避免头重脚轻，句式结构平衡的需要，将定语从句后置，和前面的名词发生了分隔 本句话就属于“分定”的情形，who引导定语从句修饰主语they参考译文：那些站在一旁等候的人们也在帮忙 此句话出自大学英语第二册第六课，本是约翰尔顿诗句（This quotation is often used to comfort those who did not take direct part in an activity but only provided support.）。

2、They should have known better than to ask about this.结构分析：a\此句话中包含有一个比较结构句型：know better than to do.意思是“（某人）明事理不会做某事”或者“不至于愚蠢到做某事”b\注意时态的使用should have done，“本应该做某事（但没做）”，表示责备参考译文：我本该知道，不应多此一问4月27日（周一）Why people are prepared to tolerate a four-hour journey each day for the dubious privilege of living in the country is beyond me.  词汇注解：be prepared to do愿意做某事；准备做某事tolerate vt. 容忍dubious adj. 可疑的privilege n. 特权，好处the country 乡下，农村beyond sb. 超出某人的能力范围Why people are prepared to tolerate a four-hour journey each day for the dubious privilege of living in the  country is beyond me.  为了得到生活在乡下的那些难以确定的好处，人们愿意每天忍受四小时的旅途，这让我难以理解！ {Why people are prepared to tolerate a four-hour journey each day for the dubious privilege of living in the   country} is beyond me .本句话是主系表结构，括弧里面是why引导的名词性从句，作主语（即主语从句），系动词是is，表语是beyond me.此句话也可以调整为：It is beyond me {why...}此句话翻译的难点是括弧里面的从句，要记得课堂上所讲的状语前置这一原则，先翻译for...这一目的状语更恰当一些。

周二参考答案：A culture {in which citizens share similar religious beliefs and values} is more likely to have laws {that represent the wishes of the people} than is a culture {where people come from diverse backgrounds}.结构分析：本句的主干是A culture ...is more likely to have laws ... than is a culture ...，括弧表达是定语从句定语从句可以翻译为“...的”参考译文1公民们拥有相似宗教信仰和价值观的文化比公民们来自不同背景的文化更有可能产生代表民意的法律参考译文2有的文化中，公民们拥有着相似的宗教信仰和价值观，还有的文化中，公民们来自不同的背景，前一种文化比后一种文化更可能产生代表民意的法律4月29日（周三） 5、With me, nothing illustrates the contrariness of things better than the matter of sleep. 4月29日（周三） 5、With me, nothing illustrates the contrariness of things better than the matter of sleep. 这个句子的要点是nothing ... better than...，即否定词+比较级=最高级内容。

 with me 做范围状语，表示“对于我而言”，再比如：with some children, a small sum of money can go a long way.（新概念3，15课）对于一些孩子而言，一小笔钱可以花上很久的时间 things 事物；情况 contrary 相反的；contrariness 相反，矛盾（性） illustrate vt. 阐明，阐述 译文：对我而言，任何东西都不及睡觉能说明事物的矛盾性4月30日（周四） 6、The law cannot legislate filial responsibility any more than it can legislate love.   legislate v. 立法 filial a. 子女的，孝顺的 参考译文：如同法律不能对爱情立法一样，它也不能对孝道立法此句的要点是“not...any more than...”这一比较结构的表达，意思是“不能...如同...不能...”比较结构的相关知识可以参阅《考研英语长难句分类突破与句法速成》）7、For the women of my generation who were urged to keep juggling through the 80's,downing-shifting in the mid 90's is not so much a search for the mythical good life as a personal recognition of your limitations. 词汇注解：urge vt 督促，催促juggle vi 奔波，忙碌down-shifting n. 减档（速度，车速），减缓生活节奏mythical a.神秘的recognition n.承认；认出limitation n.限制参考译文：我们这一代女性在整个八十年代都被迫忙碌地生活，对于我们而言，九十年代中期的减挡（生活方式）与其说是对神话般美好生活的追求，不如说是对自身局限的承认。

结构分析：For the women (of my generation) (who were urged to keep juggling through the 80's),downing-shifting (in the mid 90's) is not so much a search (for the mythical good life) as a personal recognition (of your limitations). 此句话的主干是：For the women ..., downing-shifting..is not so much a search...as a personal recognition...，其它的括弧表达都是后置定语，修饰前面的相关名词本句的关键是对“not so much... as ...”的理解，它的意思是“与其说...不如说...”5月5日（周二） 8.  As long as Michael could remember he had always dreamed of flying.参考译文：从 迈克尔记事起，他就总是梦想飞翔。

结构解析：这句话理解的关键点是as long as，很多同学看到此短语的第一反应是“只要”，例如：      I can lend you the money as long as/so long as you promise to return it       next week.      只要你答应下周还，我就可以借钱给你      但是，as...as...+long还可以表示“...一段时间”，例如：      I'll stay in New York as long as 5 weeks.      （试比较）      I'll stay in New York very long.      我要在纽约待上很久       As long as Michael could remember he had always dreamed of flying.本句中，划线的表达是时间状语，如果置于句尾，结构可以看得更加清楚He had always dreamed of flying as long as Michael could remembe5月6日（周三） 9、I do not admire computer manufacturers much more than I admire the energy industries. 参考译文：我对电脑制造商的钦佩并不比我对能源产业的钦佩多多少。

 结构分析：该句难点是not...more than...结构，即“...不比...多”，将句子分为两部分，第一部分的主语是I，谓语是do not admire，宾语是computer manufacturers；第二部分主语是I，谓语是admire，宾语是the energy industries注意：翻译时应将否定词not由第一部分转移至第二部分 知识链接：admire 仰慕；manufacturer 制造商，energy industry 能源产业5月7日（周四）10、There is,of course,no single pattern of American character any more than there is a single English or Turkish or Chinese. 参考译文：如同不存在单一的英国人、土耳其人和中国人的性格一样，当然也不存在单一的美国人的性格结构分析：句子理解的难点在于no ... any more than...结构，意思是“和...一样没有...”“如同没有...一样，也没有...”知识链接：single单一的；pattern类型，模式；cha。