抓住机遇开拓创新努力提高国土资源对可持续发展保障能力.ppt

中国国土资源管理与可持续发展中国国土资源管理与可持续发展中国国土资源管理与可持续发展中国国土资源管理与可持续发展Management and Sustainable Management and Sustainable Development of China’s Land and Development of China’s Land and ResourcesResources中华人民共和国国土资源部中华人民共和国国土资源部Department of Planning of the MinistryDepartment of Planning of the Ministry of Land and Resources, China of Land and Resources, China一、中国国土资源基本形势The Basic Situation of China’s Land and Resources（一）中国国土资源状况The status of China’s Land and Resource 一、中国国土资源基本形势一、中国国土资源基本形势 The Basic Situation of China’s Land and Resources二、中国国土资源管理体系二、中国国土资源管理体系 The Management System of China’s Land and Resources三、中国国土资源管理工作现状和未来三、中国国土资源管理工作现状和未来 The Present Situation and the Future of Land and Resources Management of China内容提纲内容提纲Outline of Presentation中国位于亚洲东部，陆地面积中国位于亚洲东部，陆地面积960万万km2，内海和边海，内海和边海水域面积约水域面积约470多万多万km2。

有有37个个省级行政区省级行政区2006年，年，国内生产总值国内生产总值210871亿元，总人口亿元，总人口131448万人China is situated at the east of the Asia . It has a land area of 9,600,000 km2. Its inner and border sea water area is about 4,700,000 km2. Its 37 provincial administration regions. In 2006, its gross domestic product was RMB 21.0871 trillion Yuan, with the population of 1,314,480,000 persons. 中国自然资源在总体上呈现出四个特点中国自然资源在总体上呈现出四个特点：资源总量大，：资源总量大，类型齐全；人均资源占有量少；资源空间分布不均衡，类型齐全；人均资源占有量少；资源空间分布不均衡，资源组合结构不匹配；资源开发难度大，节约集约程资源组合结构不匹配；资源开发难度大，节约集约程度不高。

度不高China’s natural resources generally has four characteristics: big volume of the total resource with full types, small amount of per man resource occupancy, unbalanced spatial distribution of resources and mismatching of resource combination structure as well as difficulty of being developed.土地资源特点一：土地资源特点一：总量大，人均占有量小总量大，人均占有量小The first characteristics of land resource : big total volume with small occupancy. q中国陆地面积和耕地面积都位居世界第中国陆地面积和耕地面积都位居世界第3 3，耕地占世，耕地占世界耕地的界耕地的9.3%9.3%；多年生牧场面积占世界；多年生牧场面积占世界11.5%11.5%，居世，居世界第界第1 1。

20062006年，全国耕地面积年，全国耕地面积12177.5912177.59万公顷，人万公顷，人均耕地均耕地0.0930.093公顷，不到世界平均水平的公顷，不到世界平均水平的40%40%qIts cultivable land area accounts for 9.3% of the world, ranking the third in the world. Its perennial pasture area accounts for 11.5% of that of the world, ranking the first in the world. By 2006, the cultivated lands of the whole country was 121,775,900 hectares, but there was only 0.093 hectare per man cultivated land, even less than 40% of the world’s average level. 2006年全国土地利用年全国土地利用 the land-use of China in 200625.925.913.113.110.910.92.852.852.12.11.431.43人均耕地（亩）人均耕地（亩）per man cultivated land （（mu））(2005 year)加拿大加拿大Canada俄罗斯俄罗斯Russia美国美国American印度印度India德国德国German中国中国China土地资源特点二：土地资源特点二：耕地总体质量不高。

耕地总体质量不高The Secondly characteristics of land resource : the general quality of the cultivated area was poor. q高高产产田田仅仅占占28%，，中中产产田田为为40%，，低低产产田田为为32%优优质质耕耕地地占占用用过过快快，，耕耕地地污污染染退退化化比比较较严严重重，，全全国国每每年年因因水水土土流流失失、、土土壤壤盐盐碱碱化化和和沙沙化损失的耕地仍在增加化损失的耕地仍在增加qHigh yielded field accounted for only 28%, medium yielded field for 40% and low yielded field accounted for 32%. Good quality cultivated land was occupied too fast, resulting in a bit serious recession due to pollution of cultivated land. Each year, the loss of cultivated land in the country due to soil erosion, salinization and desertification is still increasing. 2001-20062001-2006年全国灾毁耕地情况年全国灾毁耕地情况The loss of cultivated land area due to natural disasters 2001-2006 year土地资源特点三：土地资源特点三：土地资源特点三：土地资源特点三：土地资源区域差异显著。

土地资源区域差异显著土地资源区域差异显著土地资源区域差异显著The Thirdly characteristics of land resource : The Thirdly characteristics of land resource : the the regional difference of land resources. regional difference of land resources. 宜农、宜林土地主要分布于东部季风区，宜农、宜林土地主要分布于东部季风区，宜农、宜林土地主要分布于东部季风区，宜农、宜林土地主要分布于东部季风区，80%80%以上的以上的以上的以上的草地分布在西北干旱区草地分布在西北干旱区草地分布在西北干旱区草地分布在西北干旱区Lands suitable for agriculture and forest are mainly Lands suitable for agriculture and forest are mainly distributed over the east seasonal wind areas. Over 80% distributed over the east seasonal wind areas. Over 80% of grass lands are distributed over the northwestern dry of grass lands are distributed over the northwestern dry areas.areas. 土地资源特点四：土地资源特点四：土地资源特点四：土地资源特点四：可供开发利用的土地面积小可供开发利用的土地面积小可供开发利用的土地面积小可供开发利用的土地面积小The The fourthfourth characteristics of land resource : characteristics of land resource : the the developable and applicable land area is smalldevelopable and applicable land area is small 耕地后备资源不足，仅耕地后备资源不足，仅耕地后备资源不足，仅耕地后备资源不足，仅1 1亿亩左右。

亿亩左右亿亩左右亿亩左右the cultivated backup land resource is insufficient (only the cultivated backup land resource is insufficient (only about 100,000,000 mu).about 100,000,000 mu).  中国矿产资源总量丰富，但人均资源量少；中国矿产资源总量丰富，但人均资源量少；资源禀赋较差，利用难度大资源禀赋较差，利用难度大 China is rich in total volume of mineral resources，， But the per man resource volume is little；；The resources are not of natural endowment, with difficulty of utilization q中国矿产资源总量约占世界的中国矿产资源总量约占世界的12%12%，居世界第，居世界第3 3位；位；人均资源量仅为世界水平的人均资源量仅为世界水平的58%58%，居世界第，居世界第5353位，位，主要矿产探明人均储量不到世界平均水平的主要矿产探明人均储量不到世界平均水平的1/41/4。

The total volume of mineral resources of China accounts for about 12% of that of the world, ranking the third in the world. the per man resource volume is only at 58% of the world’s level, ranking 53 in the world. The major proven per man deposit of mineral resources is not up to 1/4 of the average world level. q矿物能源结构不良，优质能源少大型矿床和容矿物能源结构不良，优质能源少大型矿床和容易选冶的矿产地少，中小矿和共生伴生矿多探易选冶的矿产地少，中小矿和共生伴生矿多探明矿产中，明矿产中，1/3在现有经济技术条件下难利用在现有经济技术条件下难利用 The mineral energy is of poor structure, lack of good quality energy. Large-sized mineral beds and easy selecting and smelting mineral lands are little, but there are many medium-sized and paragenous and associated mines. Among the proven minerals, 1/3 are very difficult to utilize under existing economic and technical conditions. 已探明储量的已探明储量的159种矿产分类表种矿产分类表159 minerals with identified resources and reserves in China in 2006种类种类 kind名名 称称 name能源矿产（能源矿产（10种种)10 energy minerals煤、石油、天然气煤、石油、天然气、煤层气、天然沥青、油页岩、石煤、、煤层气、天然沥青、油页岩、石煤、铀、钍、地热铀、钍、地热金属矿产（金属矿产（54种）种）54 metallic minerals 铁铁、、锰锰、、铬铬、釩、、釩、钛、铜、铅、锌、铝土、钛、铜、铅、锌、铝土、镁、镁、镍、钴、镍、钴、钨、锡钨、锡、铋、、铋、钼钼、汞、、汞、锑、铂族金属锑、铂族金属（（铂、钯、铱、铑、铂、钯、铱、铑、锇、釕）、金、银锇、釕）、金、银、铌、钽、铍、锂、锆、、铌、钽、铍、锂、锆、锶锶、铷、铯、、铷、铯、钇、钇、 镝、铈、镧、鐠、釹、钐、铕、锗、镓、铟、铊、镝、铈、镧、鐠、釹、钐、铕、锗、镓、铟、铊、铼、镉等铼、镉等非金属矿产（非金属矿产（92种）种）92 nonmetallic minerals金刚石、石墨、硫铁矿金刚石、石墨、硫铁矿、透辉石、明矾石、、透辉石、明矾石、重晶石、芒重晶石、芒硝、菱镁矿硝、菱镁矿、、水泥灰岩水泥灰岩、砂岩、、砂岩、硅藻土、高岭土、膨润硅藻土、高岭土、膨润土、耐火粘土土、耐火粘土、碘、溴、砷、、碘、溴、砷、硼矿、磷矿、稀土、硫、硼矿、磷矿、稀土、硫、钾、石棉、石膏、滑石、石材、硅灰石、玻璃硅质原料、钾、石棉、石膏、滑石、石材、硅灰石、玻璃硅质原料、水晶、云母、刚玉等水晶、云母、刚玉等其他水气矿产（其他水气矿产（3种）种） mineral water, groundwater and carbon dioxide gas矿泉水、地下水、二氧化碳气矿泉水、地下水、二氧化碳气中国海洋资源种类繁多。

其中，海洋石油资源量约中国海洋资源种类繁多其中，海洋石油资源量约240240亿吨，天然气资源量亿吨，天然气资源量1414万亿立方米，滨海砂矿资源储万亿立方米，滨海砂矿资源储量量3131亿吨，海洋可再生能源理论蕴藏量亿吨，海洋可再生能源理论蕴藏量6.36.3亿千瓦，水亿千瓦，水深深0 0至至1515米的浅海面积米的浅海面积12.412.4万平方千米万平方千米China has many types of marine resources. Among them, the amount of marine petroleum resources is about 24 billion tons, that of natural gas resources is about 14 trillion m3, coastal sand mineral resources deposit is 3.1 billion tons and the theoretical ocean reproducible energy deposit is about 0.63 billion kilowatts, the shallow sea area with water depth from 0 to 15 m is about 124 thousand km2. （二）国土资源在促进经济社会发展（二）国土资源在促进经济社会发展中发挥了重要作用中发挥了重要作用The land and resources played an important role in promoting development of economic society严格保护耕地，对保障国家粮食安全和维护社严格保护耕地，对保障国家粮食安全和维护社会稳定发挥了重要作用。

耕地为中国农民提供了会稳定发挥了重要作用耕地为中国农民提供了60%的经济收入和的经济收入和60～～80%的生活必需品土地供应有力的生活必需品土地供应有力支持了城乡建设，保证了国家经济发展的需要支持了城乡建设，保证了国家经济发展的需要Strictly protecting cultivated land has played an important role in guaranteeing national grain safety and safeguarding social stability. The cultivated land in China provides farmers 40 to 60% of economic incomes and 60 to 80% of life necessities. The land supply has strongly supported the urban and rural construction and guaranteed the need of national economic development. 矿产资源是经济发展重要的物质基础。

中国矿产资源是经济发展重要的物质基础中国90%90%左右的能源、左右的能源、80%80%以上的工业原材料、以上的工业原材料、70%70%以上以上的农业生产资料和的农业生产资料和30%30%以上的生活用水来自矿产资以上的生活用水来自矿产资源，有力地支持了国民经济和社会发展源，有力地支持了国民经济和社会发展The mineral resource is an important material base of economic development. About 90% of China’s energy, over 80% of industrial raw material, over 70% of agricultural production material and over 30% of living water come from mineral resources that has strongly supported the national economy and social development.海洋日益成为经济社会发展的重要空间和资源海洋日益成为经济社会发展的重要空间和资源宝库，海洋资源在中国经济社会发展中的作用日益显宝库，海洋资源在中国经济社会发展中的作用日益显著，海洋经济已成为新的经济增长点。

著，海洋经济已成为新的经济增长点The ocean is increasingly becoming the important space and resource treasure-house for the development of economic society. The role of ocean resources in development of China’s economic society increasingly obvious and the marine economy has become the new economic growth point. The total output value of China’s main marine industries The total output value and the ratio of added value to GDPThe total output value and the ratio of added value to GDP（三）土地、矿产资源与经济社会发展（三）土地、矿产资源与经济社会发展的矛盾加剧的矛盾加剧 The contradiction between land, mineral resources and economic development is agravated土地方面，耕地面积大量减少。

土地粗放利土地方面，耕地面积大量减少土地粗放利用的现象也比较普遍，进一步加剧了土地供用的现象也比较普遍，进一步加剧了土地供求矛盾 the cultivated land area greatly decreased. The phenomenon of extensive utilization of land also existed widely, which further deteriorated the contradiction between the supply and demand of the land. 2001-20062001-2006年全国耕地面积变化情况年全国耕地面积变化情况The changing of cultivated land area 2001-2006 year 7 7 7 7年内，全国净减少耕地上亿亩年内，全国净减少耕地上亿亩年内，全国净减少耕地上亿亩年内，全国净减少耕地上亿亩 矿产供需矛盾进一步加剧矿产资源开发利用粗矿产供需矛盾进一步加剧。

矿产资源开发利用粗放和破坏浪费严重矿山放和破坏浪费严重矿山““小、散、多小、散、多””问题突问题突出，矿产资源总回收率、共伴生矿的利用率低出，矿产资源总回收率、共伴生矿的利用率低　　In the aspect of mineral resources, the contradiction between supply and demand of minerals has been further worsened. The phenomenon of extensive development and utilization, sabotage and waste of mineral resources was worsening. The problems of “small, disperse and excessive” mines stood out. The total recovery ratio and availability of common associated minerals of mineral resource were low. 石油生产与消费状况石油生产与消费状况the output and consumption of oil in China 1990-2006矿产品进出口总额China’s total trade volume of mineral commodities 海洋资源开发利用程度还不高，海洋调查勘探程度低，海洋资源开发过度与不足并存，近岸海域污染和海洋灾害损失严重。

The level of exploitation and use of marine resources were still not high while the marine survey level was still low. The over exploitation and lack of exploitation of marine resources coexist. The off-shore sea water areas were seriously polluted and serious loss was suffered from marine disasters. 二、中国国土资源管理体系The Management System of China’s Land and Resources（一）国土资源部的管理职能（一）国土资源部的管理职能The Management Function of Ministry of Land and Resources of China  中国国土资源部组建于1998年，主要职能是：土地资源、矿产资源、海洋资源等自然资源的规划、管理、保护与合理利用。

The Ministry of Land and Resources of China was set up in 1998, The major function of Ministry of Land and Resources is: planning, management, protection and rational utilization of natural resources such as land, mineral and marine resources.  国土资源部的主要职责包括国土资源部的主要职责包括12项：项： The Ministry of Land and Resources has following 12 major responsibilities:  1. 拟定有关法律法规，发布土地资源、矿产资源、海拟定有关法律法规，发布土地资源、矿产资源、海洋资源等自然资源管理的规章；研究拟定管理、保洋资源等自然资源管理的规章；研究拟定管理、保护与合理利用土地资源、矿产资源、海洋资源政策；护与合理利用土地资源、矿产资源、海洋资源政策；制订土地资源、矿产资源、海洋资源管理的技术标制订土地资源、矿产资源、海洋资源管理的技术标准、规程、规范和办法。

准、规程、规范和办法 To enact relevant laws and regulations and promulgate the rules governing the management of natural resources such as land, mineral and marine resources to develop policies regarding the management, protection and rational utilization of land, mineral and marine resources; to formulate the technical criteria, rules, standards and measures for land, mineral and marine resources;  2. 组织编制和实施国土规划、土地利用总体规划和其他专项组织编制和实施国土规划、土地利用总体规划和其他专项规划；参与报国务院审批的城市总体规划的审核，指导、规划；参与报国务院审批的城市总体规划的审核，指导、审核地方土地利用总体规划；组织矿产资源、海洋资源的审核地方土地利用总体规划；组织矿产资源、海洋资源的调查评价，编制矿产资源和海洋资源保护与合理利用规划、调查评价，编制矿产资源和海洋资源保护与合理利用规划、地质勘查规划、地质灾害防治和地质遗迹保护规划。

地质勘查规划、地质灾害防治和地质遗迹保护规划 To compile and implement the national comprehensive planning for land and resources, overall plan for land use and other specific plans; to participate in the examination and verification of urban overall plans submitted to the State Council for approval, instruct and verify local overall plans for land use; to organize the survey and evaluation of mineral and marine resources; to develop plans for the protection and rational utilization of mineral and marine resources, for geological survey, for the prevention and mitigation of geological hazards and for the protection of geological remains;  3. 监督检查各级国土资源主管部门行政执法和土地、监督检查各级国土资源主管部门行政执法和土地、矿产、海洋资源规划执行情况；依法保护土地、矿矿产、海洋资源规划执行情况；依法保护土地、矿产、海洋资源所有者和使用者的合法权益，承办并产、海洋资源所有者和使用者的合法权益，承办并组织调处重大权属纠纷，查处重大违法案件。

组织调处重大权属纠纷，查处重大违法案件 To supervise and inspect the law enforcement of the departments for land and resources management at various levels and the implementation of plans for land, mineral and marine resources; to protect the lawful rights and interests of the owners and users of land, mineral and marine resources according to the law, to undertake and organize the arbitration of major disputes over rights and ownership and the investigation of major law-breaking cases; To develop and implement policies on special protection of cultivated land and encouraging the development of cultivated land; to enforce the control over the different purposes on agricultural land; to organize the protection of capital farmland; to instruct the development of unused land and cultivated land, the land revitalization and reclamation and supervise the development of cultivated land, so as to ensure the increase of cultivated land without any decrease.4. 4. 拟定实施耕地特殊保护和鼓励耕地开发政策，实施农地用途拟定实施耕地特殊保护和鼓励耕地开发政策，实施农地用途管制，组织基本农田保护，指导未利用土地开发、土地整理、土管制，组织基本农田保护，指导未利用土地开发、土地整理、土地复垦和开发耕地的监督工作，确保耕地面积只能增加、不能减地复垦和开发耕地的监督工作，确保耕地面积只能增加、不能减少。

少  5. 制订地籍管理办法，组织土地资源凋查、地藉调查、制订地籍管理办法，组织土地资源凋查、地藉调查、土地统计和动态监测；指导土地确权、城乡地籍、土土地统计和动态监测；指导土地确权、城乡地籍、土地定级和登记等工作地定级和登记等工作 To formulate cadastral management regulation; to organize land and resources survey, cadastral survey, land statistics and dynamic monitoring; to instruct the works on land titles, urban and rural land recording, land grading and registration; 6. 拟定并按规定组织实施土地使用权出让、租赁、作价出资、拟定并按规定组织实施土地使用权出让、租赁、作价出资、转让、交易和政府收购管理办法，制订国有土地划拨使用转让、交易和政府收购管理办法，制订国有土地划拨使用目录指南和乡（镇）村用地管理办法，指导农村集体非农目录指南和乡（镇）村用地管理办法，指导农村集体非农土地使用权的流转管理。

土地使用权的流转管理 To develop and organize to implement the regulations for the assignment, lease, evaluation, transfer, transaction and governmental purchasing of the right to use the land; to work out catalogue guideline for the allocation of the state-owned land and management measures on the land for villages and townships usage, to instruct the transfer of right to use non-agricultural land owned by rural collectives. 7.指导基准地价、标定地价评测，审定评估机构从事土地评估的资格，确认土地使用权价格承担报国务院审批的各类用地的审查报批工作 To administrate the evaluation of reference and standard land prices, verify and assess the qualification of organizations engaging in land evaluation and appraisal, confirm the price of land-use right; to undertake the verification and approval of applications for various land utilization submitted to State Council for approval. 8.依法管理矿产资源探矿权、采矿权的审批登记发证和转让审批登记；依法审批对外合作区块；承担矿产资源储量管理工作，管理地质资料汇交； To administer the approval, registration and licensing of the rights to explore and to mine the mineral resources and the rights to transfer them according to the law; to verify and approve the blocks for cooperation with foreign investment according to law; to undertake the management of mineral resource reserves and the collection and compilation of geological data; 9.组织监测、防治地质灾害和保护地质遗迹；依法管理水文地质、工程地质、环境地质勘查和评价工作。

To organize the monitoring prevention and mitigation of geological disasters and the protection of geological remains; to supervise the hydrogeological, engineering and environmental geological explorations and evaluations according to law; 10.安排并监督检查国家财政拨给的地勘费和国家财政拨给的其他资金 To arrange, supervise and inspect the use of geological exploration funds allocated by the state and other funds allocated through state finance.11.组织开展土地资源、矿产资源、海洋资源的对外合作与交流 To organize and carry out international cooperation and experience exchange on land, mineral and marine resources. 12. 承办国务院交办的其他事项。

To fulfill other duties assigned by the State Council. （二）国土资源管理制度（二）国土资源管理制度Management System of Land and Resources 当前中国国土资源管理制度的核心当前中国国土资源管理制度的核心是土地资源管理和矿产资源管理是土地资源管理和矿产资源管理Presently, the core of management system of land and resources of China is the land and mineral resources management. 土地资源管理的基本制度：中国实行土地社会主土地资源管理的基本制度：中国实行土地社会主义公有制，即全民所有制和劳动群众集体所有制实行义公有制，即全民所有制和劳动群众集体所有制实行土地有偿使用、土地用途管制、农用地转用、建设用地土地有偿使用、土地用途管制、农用地转用、建设用地统一供应制度统一供应制度The content of the fundamental system on land resource management is: China implements socialist public ownership, namely, the ownership by the whole people and the collective ownership of mass laborers. She enforces systems of compensable use and utilization control of land, usage transfer of agricultural land and unitively supply of construction land．形成了土地利用总体规划、土地利用年度计划、农用形成了土地利用总体规划、土地利用年度计划、农用地转用和土地征收审批、土地执法监察和国家土地总地转用和土地征收审批、土地执法监察和国家土地总督察等一系列具体的管理制度。

督察等一系列具体的管理制度————form a series of management systems such as the comprehensive and annual plans for land utilization, usage transfer of agricultural land and expropriation and approval of land, supervision on law enforcement and national land general supervision. ◆◆土地利用总体规划是城乡建设、土地管理的纲土地利用总体规划是城乡建设、土地管理的纲领性文件，是加强宏观调控、发挥市场配置土地资源基领性文件，是加强宏观调控、发挥市场配置土地资源基础性作用的重要前提，是实行土地用途管制、落实最严础性作用的重要前提，是实行土地用途管制、落实最严格的土地管理制度的基本手段格的土地管理制度的基本手段the comprehensive plans of land utilization is the programmatic document for urban and rural construction and land management, the important premise for strengthening macro regulation and control and playing the basic role of market configuration of land resources and the means for implementing land-use control and putting in effect the most strictest land management system.◆◆土地利用年度计划是国家对计划年度农用地转土地利用年度计划是国家对计划年度农用地转用量、土地开发整理补充耕地量和耕地保有量的具体安用量、土地开发整理补充耕地量和耕地保有量的具体安排，它既是实施土地利用总体规划的重要手段，又是用排，它既是实施土地利用总体规划的重要手段，又是用地审批的重要依据。

地审批的重要依据The annual plan for land use is the practical arrangement of the amount of annual transferred volume of agricultural land, amount of the land exploitation, arrangement and supplementation of cultivated land and the amount of retained cultivated land. This plan acts as not only an important means to enforce comprehensive land plans, but also the important basis for land use verification and approval. 　　◆◆农用地转用和土地征收审批是土地利用总体规划和农用地转用和土地征收审批是土地利用总体规划和土地利用年度计划得以落实的关键环节，是土地供应土地利用年度计划得以落实的关键环节，是土地供应的的““闸门闸门””。

The verification and approval of usage transfer of agricultural land and expropriation of land is the key link that the comprehensive plan for the verification and approval of transfer of agricultural land and land expropriation and the annual plan for land use. It is also the “gate valve” of land supply. ◆◆土地执法监察和国家土地总督察是土地政土地执法监察和国家土地总督察是土地政策得以贯彻落实的重要保障策得以贯彻落实的重要保障　　The law enforcing police for the land and national land general supervisor is the important guarantee for implementing land policy. 　　矿产资源管理基本制度内容：矿产资源管理基本制度内容：国家对矿产资源的基本方国家对矿产资源的基本方针是坚持针是坚持““在保护中开发，在开发中保护在保护中开发，在开发中保护””的总原则；的总原则；执行对矿产资源的勘查、开采实行统一规划、合理布执行对矿产资源的勘查、开采实行统一规划、合理布局、综合勘查、合理开采和综合利用的方针；实施对局、综合勘查、合理开采和综合利用的方针；实施对矿产资源严而又严的管理制度。

矿产资源严而又严的管理制度 The content of basic system for management of mineral resources: the basic policy of the state for mineral resources is to keep the general principle of “seeking development in protection while entreating protection in development”; to implement the policy of unitize planning of exploration and exploitation, rational arrangement, comprehensive survey, rational mining and comprehensive utilization of mineral resources; to implement more and more strict management system. 　　矿产资源属于国家所有，由国务院行使国家对矿产资源的矿产资源属于国家所有，由国务院行使国家对矿产资源的所有权，这是中国制定矿产资源管理制度的基础。

所有权、所有权，这是中国制定矿产资源管理制度的基础所有权、使用权分离是制定管理制度的原则矿产资源的使用权分使用权分离是制定管理制度的原则矿产资源的使用权分为探矿权和采矿权国家对矿产资源实行统一规划管理为探矿权和采矿权国家对矿产资源实行统一规划管理Mineral resources belong to the state, the ownership of which is to be exercised by the State Council. This is the basis of mineral resources management system established by China. Separating the servitude from the ownership is the principle of developing management system. The servitude of mineral resources is divided as prospecting right and mining right. The state practices the unitive planning management. （（三三））当前国土资源管理工作重点当前国土资源管理工作重点The Stress of Current Land and Resources Managementq第一，加强土地管理特别是耕地保护工作，第一，加强土地管理特别是耕地保护工作，实现土地资源永续利用。

实现土地资源永续利用　　The first is to strengthen the land management, especially the protection of cultivated land and realize the permanent and continuous utilization of land recourses;q第二，加强国土资源的调查评价和科学规划，第二，加强国土资源的调查评价和科学规划，为国民经济发展作出贡献为国民经济发展作出贡献　　The second is to enhance investigative assessment and scientific planning of land and resources and make contributions to national economic development. q第三，加强国土资源信息系统建设，实现信第三，加强国土资源信息系统建设，实现信息服务社会化息服务社会化　　The third is to strengthen the construction of information system for land and resources, to realize socialization of information service. q第四，建立适应社会主义市场经济的国土资第四，建立适应社会主义市场经济的国土资源管理新体制、新机制。

源管理新体制、新机制　　The fourth is to establish new systems and mechanisms for land and resources management adaptable for socialist market economy. q第五，健全法制，依法行政第五，健全法制，依法行政　　 The fifth is to perfect the legal system and administer according to law三、中国国土资源管理工作现状和未来The Present Situation and the Future of Land and Resources Management of China（（一一））““十五十五””时期国土资源管理工作时期国土资源管理工作The management of land and resources During the “Tenth Five-Year-Plan” period q贯彻落实最严格的土地管理制度，严格控制建设占用贯彻落实最严格的土地管理制度，严格控制建设占用耕地的总规模，实现了建设占用耕地占补平衡，保证耕地的总规模，实现了建设占用耕地占补平衡，保证了国家粮食安全。

了国家粮食安全　　It is required to put in effect the strictest land management system for strictly controlling the overall scope of cultivated land occupied by construction to realize the balance between the occupation and compensation of cultivated land occupied by construction and guarantee the grain safety of the state. q治理整顿土地市场秩序，耕地保护力度进一步加大全面清理各治理整顿土地市场秩序，耕地保护力度进一步加大全面清理各类开发区，压缩规划面积，初步遏制了违法乱批滥占耕地的势头类开发区，压缩规划面积，初步遏制了违法乱批滥占耕地的势头耕地占补平衡制度逐步完善国家重点工程建设用地得到保障耕地占补平衡制度逐步完善国家重点工程建设用地得到保障　　It is required to improve and rectify the land market order and reinforce the cultivated land protection. Various development zones have been comprehensively put in order and the planned areas compressed, which has preliminarily kept the tendency of illegally and disorderly approving and excessively occupying cultivated land within the limits. The balance system for occupation and compensation of cultivated land has been consummated step by step. The land used for national key project construction has been guaranteed. 土地违法案件查处情况punishment for illegal act on land q加强重要矿产资源勘查开发，有效扩大了能源原材料供应。

加强重要矿产资源勘查开发，有效扩大了能源原材料供应加强石油等重要资源勘查新发现大中型矿产地近加强石油等重要资源勘查新发现大中型矿产地近700700处处, ,探探获一批新的资源量危机矿山资源勘查工作已经启动多数获一批新的资源量危机矿山资源勘查工作已经启动多数矿产品产量持续增加矿产品产量持续增加　　The exploitation and prospecting of important mineral resources has been strengthened and supply of raw energy materials has been effectively enlarged. Prospecting of important resources such as petroleum has been strengthened. Approximately 700 places of large and medium-sized mineral land have been discovered and a batch of new resource volume been explored. The prospecting of crisis mine resources has already started and the yield of majority of mineral products has a sustained increase. 2006年地质调查和矿产资源勘查新发现大中型矿产地213处Geological investigations and mineral resources explorations in 2006 resulted in the discovery of 213 large and medium-sized mineral occurrences or prospectsq完成新一轮全国地下水资源评价，西部严重缺水地区地下水完成新一轮全国地下水资源评价，西部严重缺水地区地下水勘查示范工程取得显著效果。

公益性地质工作稳步推进大勘查示范工程取得显著效果公益性地质工作稳步推进大陆科学钻探顺利完成加强海洋监测预报，南极科学考察、陆科学钻探顺利完成加强海洋监测预报，南极科学考察、北极站建设和国际海底资源调查取得新进展北极站建设和国际海底资源调查取得新进展qA new round of nationwide groundwater resources assessment has been completed and the demonstration projects for groundwater prospecting in western areas seriously lack of water have obtained remarkable effects. Public geologic work advanced steadily and the scientific drilling in the mainland has been successfully finished. New progresses have been made on strengthening marine monitoring and forecast, South Pole research, North Pole station building and international seabed investigation. q国土资源科技创新取得新进展，关键技术研国土资源科技创新取得新进展，关键技术研发取得突破。

信息化迈上新台阶发取得突破信息化迈上新台阶qNew progresses have been made on technical innovation on land and resources; breakthroughs have been obtained on key technology study and development. Informatization has stridden onto a new step. 数据交换网络拓扑图Topological Graph of date-change net q地质灾害防治和地质环境保护工作取得新进展成功防治了地质灾害防治和地质环境保护工作取得新进展成功防治了一批重大地质灾害完成三峡库区二期工程地质灾害治理和一批重大地质灾害完成三峡库区二期工程地质灾害治理和地质安全评价任务确定了地质安全评价任务确定了8585处国家级地质公园成功开展处国家级地质公园成功开展地质灾害预警预报地质灾害预警预报qNew progresses have been made on geologic disaster prevention and environmental protection. A group of major geologic disasters have been successfully prevented and treated. The task of safety assessment on prevention and treatment of geologic disaster on second phase project of Three Gorges Reservoir area have been finished. 85 state-level geoparks have been determined and geologic disaster alarm and forecast have been successfully carried out. 成功预报地质灾害安全转移人数the amount of person were transferred Through geologic disaster alarm and forecast q不断深化国土资源管理体制、地质工作体制改革。

省级以下不断深化国土资源管理体制、地质工作体制改革省级以下国土资源管理体制改革稳步实施国土资源法律法规不断完国土资源管理体制改革稳步实施国土资源法律法规不断完善，土地、矿产资源规划作用得到发挥市场配置资源的基善，土地、矿产资源规划作用得到发挥市场配置资源的基础性作用不断增强础性作用不断增强qLand and resources management system and geologic work system have been continually deepened. Land and resource management system reform under province level have been implemented steadily. Laws and regulations on land and resources have been continually perfected, the role of land and mineral resources plans have been effected. The basic role for market to play in resource configuration has been continually strengthened.q海洋、测绘工作取得重要成果。

海洋资源开发力度海洋、测绘工作取得重要成果海洋资源开发力度加大测绘统一监管力度加大，保障服务成效明显，加大测绘统一监管力度加大，保障服务成效明显，地理信息产业快速发展地理信息产业快速发展qImportant fruit on marine and mapping works have been achieved and the effect on exploitation of marine resources has been increased. The work for unitive supervision on mapping has been increased and the effect of guarantee service has been apparent and the geologic information industry has developed in a fast speed. （二）“十一五”时期国土资源管理工作思路 The thoughts on management of land and resources during Eleventh Five-Year Plan period q坚持最严格的土地管理和耕地保护制度，保护坚持最严格的土地管理和耕地保护制度，保护好耕地特别是基本农田；好耕地特别是基本农田； To persist in a system of most strictest land management and cultivated land protection for protecting cultivated land, especially the fundamental farmlands;q保护资源、保障发展、维护权益、服务社会保护资源、保障发展、维护权益、服务社会 Protect resource, guarantee development, safeguard rights and interests, serve the society q坚持节约集约利用资源，提高资源利用效率；坚持节约集约利用资源，提高资源利用效率； To persist in saving and concentrated use of resources for raising the availability of the resources; q坚持国内国外两种资源两个市场并举，立足国内，坚持国内国外两种资源两个市场并举，立足国内，有效提高能源和重要矿产资源供应能力；有效提高能源和重要矿产资源供应能力； To keep in effectively raising the supply of energy and important mineral resources through both home and overseas resource markets but based on home market;q坚持科技创新，提升解决国土资源重大问题的坚持科技创新，提升解决国土资源重大问题的能力；能力； To insist in scientific and technologic innovations for raising the capability of resolving major land and resource problems; q坚持市场调节和政府宏观调控相结合，加强国土坚持市场调节和政府宏观调控相结合，加强国土资源管理；资源管理； Protect resource, guarantee development, to keep the market regulation combined with governmental macro coordination for strengthening the management of land and resources; q缓解资源供应短缺矛盾，解决资源利用效率低、缓解资源供应短缺矛盾，解决资源利用效率低、调查程度低和开发秩序不规范等问题调查程度低和开发秩序不规范等问题 To relieve the contradiction of resource supply short and settle the problems such as low availability, low investigation degree and nonstandard exploitation of resources so as to promote the sustainable development of economic society. q坚持统筹规划，不断提高资源的经济效益、社会效坚持统筹规划，不断提高资源的经济效益、社会效益和环境效益。

益和环境效益 To adhere to overall planning for continually improving the economical, social and environmental benefits.  “ “十一五十一五””期间要努力实现四个方期间要努力实现四个方面的目标面的目标: :To strive to realize four objectives during the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” period: —— —— 保护资源更加严格规范保护资源更加严格规范 More strict regulations on resource protection. —— —— 保障发展更加持续有力保障发展更加持续有力More sustainable and powerful guarantee for the development. ————维护权益更加切实有效维护权益更加切实有效To safeguard the rights and interests more practically and effectively. ————服务社会更加全面优质。

服务社会更加全面优质To serve the society more entirely and with good quality. Thank you!。