2022年考博英语-西安建筑科技大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）套卷81.docx

2022年考博英语-西安建筑科技大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题I’m surprised they are no longer on speaking terms. It’s not like either of them to bear a （ ）.问题1选项A.disgustB.curseC.grudgeD.hatred【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析A选项disgust“厌恶，嫌恶”；B选项curse“诅咒；咒骂”；C选项grudge“怨恨；不满”；D选项hatred“憎恨；怨恨；敌意”由本句“I’m surprised they are no longer on speaking terms”（我很惊讶他们不说话了）可知他们之前的关系是很好的，所以这里的语义最有可能是不满，没有到有敌意那么严重句意：我很惊讶他们不再说话了，他们俩不像是对对方不满因此C选项正确2. 单选题Since his loyal supporters are all entrenched in powerful and key positions, to overturn his military regime will not be an easy thing.问题1选项A.estrangeB.emergedC.fixedD.lingered【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。

entrench“确立，牢固；挖掘”；A选项estrange“使疏远；离间”；B选项emerge“浮现；摆脱；暴露”的现在分词；C选项fix“使牢固；修理；安装；固定”；D选项linger“徘徊；苟延残喘”句意：由于他忠实的支持者都牢固地处于强有力且关键的位置，所以去推翻他的军事政权将不是一件容易的事情题干说到“to overturn his military regime will not be an easy thing去推翻他的军事政权将不是一件容易的事情”，可知entrench在这里有“牢固”的意思，因此C选项正确3. 单选题The continuous rain was（ ）for the exceptional poor harvest.问题1选项A.blamedB.condemnedC.accusedD.charged【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析A选项be blamed for“因……被责备；归咎于”；B选项be condemned for“因……受到谴责或被追究责任”；C选项be accused for“因……被指控”；D选项be charged for“因……被指控或收费”。

句意：罕见的歉收归咎于持续的下雨根据句中“continuous rain持续的下雨”与“poor harvest歉收”可知“归咎于”符合语境，因此A选项正确4. 单选题Stressful environment leads to unhealthy behaviors such as poor eating habits, which ______ increase the risk of high blood pressure and heart disease.问题1选项A.in turnB.by chanceC.by fortuneD.in case【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析A选项“in turn”意为“反过来；转而；轮流”；B选项“by chance”意为“偶然；意外地”；C选项“by fortune”意为“由于幸运”；D选项“in case”意为“万一；假使”句意：压力大的环境会导致不健康的行为，如不良的饮食习惯，而这些行为反过来增加了患高血压和心脏病的风险由题干可知，unhealthy behaviors（不健康的行为）是由压力大的环境导致的，但它反过来又导致了high blood pressure and heart disease（高血压和心脏病）。

因此A选项符合题意5. 单选题Jimmy earns his living by（ ）works of art in the museum.问题1选项A.recoveringB.restoringC.renewingD.reviving【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析A选项recovering“恢复；再生”；B选项restoring“恢复，重建；正在恢复”；C选项renewing“重新开始；恢复；使……更新；延长……的期限”；D选项reviving“振兴”recover/restore 都有康复的意思，但是用法不同一般用法分别为：sb recovers（不及物）、sb restores his health（及物），所以restore与语义相对应句意：吉米靠修复博物馆里的艺术品谋生因此B选项正确6. 单选题The Austrian manufacturing industry consists of a few large organizations, many of which operate under government auspices.问题1选项A.supervisionsB.orientationsC.regulationD.sponsorship【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。

auspice“赞助，主办”；A选项supervision“监督，管理”；B选项orientation“方向；适应；向东方”；C选项regulation“管理；规则；校准”；D选项sponsorship“赞助；发起”句意：奥地利的制造业由几个大型组织组成，其中许多是在政府的支持下运作的auspice本身有“赞助”的意思，因此D选项正确7. 单选题Compared to the angry, blaming American stance, the Chinese were paragons of compromise, finding fault on both sides and looking for solutions that moved both sides to the middle.问题1选项A.facilitatorsB.inheritorsC.predecessorsD.models【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析横线单词paragons意为“模范；完美之物”；A选项“facilitators”意为“服务商；促进者”；B选项“inheritors”意为“继承人；后继者”；C选项“predecessors”意为“前任，前辈”；D选项“models”意为“模型；典型；模范；样式”。

句意：与美国人愤怒、指责的立场相比，中国人是和解的典范，他们会发现双方的问题，寻找能让双方走到中间的方案由题干可知，looking for solutions that moved both sides to the middle（寻找能让双方和解的方案）说明中国一贯的做法都是妥协，寻找让双方和解的方法可推测出中国是和解的典范由此可知，paragons在此处最可能是“模范”的意思因此D选项符合题意8. 单选题As there was no road, the travelers （ ）up a rocky slope on their way back.问题1选项A.ranB.hurriedC.scrambledD.crawled【答案】C【解析】考查词组辨析四个选项均与up搭配，分别是run、hurry、scramble、crawl的过去式A选项ran up“匆匆制成；积欠；迅速积累；向上跑”；B选项hurried up“（使）赶快”；C选项scrambled up“攀爬；巴结；搅混起来”；D选项crawl up“爬上；爬到”由本句关键词“a rocky slope”（岩石边坡）可知，旅行者们需要攀爬边坡，才能返回，所以攀爬的意思在此处符合题意。

句意：因为没有路，旅行者们在返回的路上攀爬了一个岩石斜坡因此C选项正确9. 不定项选择题The marvelous telephone and television network that has now enmeshed the whole world, making all men neighbors, cannot be extended to space. It will never be possible to converse with anyone on another planet. Even with today’s radio equipment, the messages will take minutes ― sometimes hours ― on their journey, because radio and light waves travel at the same speed of 186,000 miles a second.Twenty years from now you will be able to listen to a friend on Mars, but the words you hear will have left his mouth at least three minutes earlier, and your reply will take a corresponding time to reach him. In such circumstances, an exchange of verbal message is possible — but not a conversation.To a culture which has come to take instantaneous communication for granted, as part of very structure of civilized life, this “time barrier” may have a profound psychological impact. It will be a perpetual reminder of universal laws and limitations against which not all our technology can ever prevail. For it seems as certain as anything can be that no signal — still less any material object ― can never travel faster than light.The velocity of light is the ultimate speed limit, being part of the very structure of space and time. Within the narrow confines of the solar s。