希腊神话之奥德修斯.ppt

vOdysseusvPenelopevIthacavTrojan War The OdysseusThe introduction of OdysseusOdysseus was the king of the rocky island of Ithaca ,where he lived with his wife Penelope and his son Telemachus .When Agamemnon asked the Greek princes to the war against Troy, Odysseus.to escape going ,pretended to be mad ,ploughing the sands and sowing salt .Palamedes ,however,discovered the trick ,for he placed Telemachus in the field and Odysseus turned the plough aside to save his inflant son .In the Trojan War ,it was by his plan of the wooden horse that Troy was captured .After the fall of Troy the Greek heroes returned home ,but none suffered so many hardships as Odysseus.For ten years he had fought at Troy ,but it was ten years more before he came to Ithaca .During this time he passed through the adventures which are recorded in Home’s poem The Odyssey .You may have heard of him as Ulysses ,the name by hich he is known in Latin poetry .The introduction of PenelopePenelope is the wife of the king of Ithaca, Odysseus (Ulysses in Roman mythology), and daughter of Icarius and Periboea.she is the cousin of Helen .She only has one son with Odysseus, Telemachus, who was born just before Odysseus was called to fight in the Trojan War. She waits twenty years for the final return of her husband, during which she has a hard time snubbing marriage proposals from 108 odious suitors .so she is a model image that is faithful to her husband.Ithaca is a beautiful island in ancient Greece on the Aegean Sea, 3200 BC, King Odysseus in the battle of Troy victory, after 17 years of dangerous temptation, overcome numerous difficulties, and finally returned to his hometown to meet thehis faithful wife and a wise and brave son. Ithaca, from the belief of an eternal home.The introduction of IthacaHelen of Sparta was the most beautiful woman on earth. When it was time for her to get married, many kings, princes and other powerful suitors from all over Greece came to Sparta to seek her hand. Odysseus was one of them. Helen´s father, king Tyndareus of Sparta was afraid, that when Helen´s husband was chosen, the other suitors would get angry and start to cause trouble. Clever Odysseus made a deal with Tyndareus, that he would tell him how to avoid the problem, if Tyndareus, in turn, helped him to get Penelope as his wife. Why Odysseus switched from being Helen´s suitor to wanting Penelope instead is unclear and, as it often is the case with myths - there are many different versions of the same story (some say, that he never was Helen´s suitor in the first place). Tyndareus agreed and Odysseus told him to exact an oath from all the suitors, that they would defend Helen´s husband (whoever he would be), if anyone ever caused trouble in respect of his marriage. Everybody, including Odysseus took the oath. Menelaus, the king of Mycenae was chosen to be Helen´s husband. Then Helen´s father, king Tyndareus helped Odysseus to win the hand of Penelope. Paradoxically, the same thing, that helped him to win Penelope - that fateful oath - would later force the two of them apart.The reason of Trojan War The meet of Odysseus with his wifeThe hardships of returning home Wandering on the seaWandering on the seaThe island of the Lotus-Eatersthe Cyclops Polyphemus: a one–eyed giantThe sorceress CirceThe Sirens' Song Between Scylla and CharybdisThe cattle of the sun god Heliosnymph CalypsoPrincess NausicaaOdysseus sails past the island of the lotus eatersThe-Lotus-Eatersthe island of the Lotus-Eatersv“I was driven by winds for 9 days upon the sea, but on the tenth day we reached the land of the Lotus-eaters, who live on a food that comes from a kind of flower. Here we landed to take in fresh water, and our crews got their mid-day meal on the shore near the ships. vWhen they had eaten and drunk I sent two of my company to see what manner of men the people of the place might be. They started at once, and went about among the Lotus-Eaters, who did them no hurt, but gave them to eat the lotus, which was so delicious that those who ate of it left off caring about home, and did not even want to go back but want staying with the Lotus-eaters without thinking further of their return. vNevertheless, though they wept bitterly, I forced them back to the ships and made them fast under the benches. Then I told the rest to go on board at once, lest any of them should taste the lotus .“ Odysseus’ Story of Lotus-eatersOdysseus blinding PolyphemusOdysseus Blinding Polyphemus Hiding underneath the sheepOdysseus’ Blinding PolyphemusvIn Homer’s Odyssey (Book 9), Odysseus lands on the Island of the Cyclops巨人 during his journey home from the Trojan War. He takes with him twelve men to find food and drink, and they eventually find a large cave, which is the home of the great Cyclops Polyphemus. When Polyphemus returns home with his flocks羊群 and finds Odysseus and his men, he blocks the cave entrance with a gre。