新核心大学英语B版听说教程Unit2Energy.ppt

Unit 2 EnergyIn this unit you will:1. learn about some enerty-related problems and pressures human beings face;2. familiarize yourself with the words/expressions related to the theme of the unit;3. learn to use these words and expressions;4. learn more about the ABCs of news reporting;5. practice listening with other non-theme-related audio and video materials;6. learn to use the proper expressions and sentence structures to ask permission.Learning objectivesPart I Theme-Related ActivitiesPart I Theme-Related ActivitiesPart II Listening StrategiesPart II Listening Strategies Part III Extensive ListeningPart III Extensive ListeningPart IV Communication SkillsPart IV Communication SkillsPart V Assessment LogPart V Assessment LogPart I Theme-Related ActivitiesPart I Theme-Related Activities Section I Talk Section II Feature Section III Talk1. What measures should be taken to raise people’s awareness of energy conservation?2. What have you done to adopt or popularize a more energy-efficient lifestyle?Lead-in questions:Unit 2 》》Part I 》》Section I 》》Lead-in questionsWord Bankunderpin /ˌʌndəˈpɪn/ v.支撑，支持支撑，支持arc /ɑːk/ n.弧，弧形物弧，弧形物extraction /ɪkˈstrækʃn/ n.抽出，取出抽出，取出refinement /rɪˈfaɪnmənt/ n.精炼，提炼精炼，提炼entropic /ˈentrəpɪk/ adj.熵的，熵态的熵的，熵态的ecologist /ɪˈkɒlədʒɪst/ n.生态学家生态学家liter /ˈliːtə(r)/ n.升，公升升，公升( (容量单位容量单位) )metric /ˈmetrɪk/ adj.公制的，米制的，十进制的公制的，米制的，十进制的Unit 2 》》Part I 》》Section I 》》Word Bankphytoplankton /faɪtəʊ’plæŋktən/ n.浮游浮游生物生物photosynthetic /fəʊtəʊsɪn’θetɪk/ adj.光光合的合的come upon偶遇偶遇, , 突袭突袭, , 突然产生突然产生humanly /hjuːˈmeɪnli/ adv.富人情地，仁富人情地，仁爱地，人道地爱地，人道地mitigate /ˈmɪtɪɡeɪt/ vt.镇静，缓和，减轻镇静，缓和，减轻Unit 2 》》Part I 》》Section I 》》Word BankNotesUnit 2 》》Part I 》》Section I 》》Notes1. And so then I went out to develop a whole series on the landscape of oil. Then I started to make a series on the situation of oil.2. And that’s one chapter. And that’s only one part of the whole thing.3. The whole world at 1.2 trillion estimated reserves, only gives us about 45 years. The estimated reserves of oil is 1.2 trillion for the whole world, which would only sustain our life for about 45 years.4. peak oil a period which sees an extremely large consumption of oil.Task 1 Watch the video clip and then complete the following comprehension questions.TaskUnit 2 》》Part I 》》Section I 》》Task 11. What, most likely, is the speaker’s occupation? A. Writer. B. Photographer. C. Social activist. D. Ecological researcher.2. Why did the speaker decide to photograph the landscape of oil? A. Oil reflects the scale of change and the speed we take resources. B. Oil is the most basic support of our daily activities. C. We have run into the most serious oil crisis in decades. D. Such a landscape demonstrates our exploitation of the Earth.√√Unit 2 》》Part I 》》Section I 》》Task 13. What does the speaker intend to document with his photos? A. How people celebrate their cars. B. Overexploitation of limited natural resources. C. The day when everything built on oil collapses. D. Consumption of oil in our motor cultures.4. According to the speaker, how long will the present oil reserves last? A. Approximately 30 years. B. Approximately 40 years. C. Approximately 45 years. D. Approximately 50 years.√√Unit 2 》》Part I 》》Section I 》》Task 15. What is the purpose of this talk on photographing the landscape of oil? A. To alert the audience of the dire consequences of the end of oil. B. To call on people to take action regarding the energy crisis. C. To impart the knowledge of oil conservation. D. To advocate for a more eco-friendly lifestyle.√√√√√Task 2 Watch the video clip a second time and then identify which of the following topics the speaker mentioned in the talk. Tick those you heard in the talk.TaskUnit 2 》》Part I 》》Section I 》》Task 21. How oil is extracted and refined.2. Monitoring the consumption of oil.3. The possible end of oil.4. Interacting with more ecologists.5. Supporting organic material and organic lifestyles.6. The biggest oil suppliers in the world.7. The amount of oil consumed every year.8. Be responsible to future generations.________________________________Task 3 Watch the video clip again and then have a group discussion based on the following questions. After the discussion, each group will give a brief report to the class.TaskUnit 2 》》Part I 》》Section I 》》Task 3【【Script】】ScriptUnit 2 》》Part I 》》Section I 》》ScriptWord Bankplunge /plʌndʒ/ v.跳入，栽进跳入，栽进span /spæn/跨度，跨距，间距跨度，跨距，间距swine flu猪流感猪流感simultaneously /saɪməlˈteɪniəsli/ adv.同时地同时地grab /ɡræb/ n.抓取物，抓抓取物，抓catastrophic /ˌkætəˈstrɔfɪk/ adj.悲惨的，灾难的悲惨的，灾难的analogy /əˈnælədʒi/ n.相似，类似，类比相似，类似，类比fossil /ˈfɒsl/ adj.化石的化石的Unit 2 》》Part I 》》Section II 》》Word Banksuicidal /ˌsuːɪˈsaɪdl/ adj.自杀的，自杀性的，自我毁减的自杀的，自杀性的，自我毁减的compact /kəmˈpækt/ adj.紧凑的紧凑的sprout up涌现涌现pull back拉回，撤回拉回，撤回enchant /ɪnˈtʃɑːnt/ v.施魔法，使迷惑；使喜悦，使陶醉施魔法，使迷惑；使喜悦，使陶醉dragonfly /ˈdræɡənflaɪ/ n. 蜻蜓蜻蜓harness /ˈhɑːnɪs/ vt.利用利用( (产生动力产生动力) )cling to抱住；固守；贴近抱住；固守；贴近strip mall零售店零售店ripple /ˈrɪpl/ vi.呈波浪状，起伏前进呈波浪状，起伏前进Unit 2 》》Part I 》》Section II 》》Word BankNotesUnit 2 》》Part I 》》Section II 》》NotesTask 1 Watch the video clip and then complete the following table.TaskUnit 2 》》Part I 》》Section II 》》Task 1Lucy…was born in 2009 into a world that was running out of , , and a lot of other things. Back then human beings were faced with challenges such as , , food, population and .…didn’t notice any of the abnormal phenomena. Instead she was .… for the city at the age of six.She and her parents were going to liveof an apartment building in Miami.water oil landenergy climateeconomic pressureenchanted by her small worldleft the suburbon the top floor____ __ ________ ______________________________________________________________Unit 2 》》Part I 》》Section II 》》Task 1Lucy’s parents…were aware of what was happening. Therefore, they had and .In 2015…the world has gone greener. A wave farm off Scotland is . In America, cars are running cleaner and more efficiently.With the price of oil going up,…the large spread out suburbs, malls, stores are becomingfor people.a compact carrecycled harnessing the ocean’s energyless desirable places___________________ __________________________________________1.Why are the challenges we are facing today especially difficult for the government to cope with?2. What abnormal phenomena can be observed in plants?3. Why was Lucy’s mother puzzled when she saw the dragonflies?Task 2 Watch the video clip a second time and then give a short answer to each of the following questions.TaskAll these challenges are happening at the same time.Flowers are blooming earlier; trees are leafing earlier._____________________________________________________________________________________Unit 2 》》Part I 》》Section II 》》Task 2They were supposed to be in Cuba, not in Miami._______________________________________Unit 2 》》Part I 》》Section II 》》Task 24. What could happen to the oil price by 2015?5. What is the basic assumption behind the American way of life?6. How is the American agriculture system heavily dependent on oil?It could double or triple.Oil will be plentiful forever.Planting, harvesting and transporting all depend on the consumption of oil.__________________________________________________________________________________________________Task 3 Watch the video clip again and make a two-minute comment on the topic of the video clip. Prepare to answer one or two questions raised by the class or your teacher after your presentation.TaskUnit 2 》》Part I 》》Section II 》》Task 3For Reference:Unit 2 》》Part I 》》Section II 》》Task 3Questions:1. What are some of the problems human beings are faced with now?2. Do you have any idea what renewable energy is? Why does renewable energy attract much attention these days?Temperature change, plunging stock markets, the shortage of drinking water, diseases/epidemics, energy, climate, food, population, economic pressures, rising sea levels, drought, etc.Renewable energy comes from natural resources that are not depleted by use or are quickly replenished such as energy from the wind and sun. The idea of renewable energy is particularly appealing these days because more people worldwide are aware of the fact that our current energy resources are not endless. We will ultimately run out of them.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Unit 2 》》Part I 》》Section II 》》Task 33. What is the so-called American way of life discussed in the video?4. Do you admire the American way of life? Please give your reasons.The kind of life that depends on the belief that oil will be plentiful forever.Not really. The American way of life is based on a false belief. In fact, our oil reserve will not last forever. Many Americans prefer bigger cars which consume more oil and larger servings of food, which contain higher calories and cholesterol. But more does not necessarily mean better. Instead I prefer a moderate lifestyle.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Unit 2 》》Part I 》》Section II 》》Task 3【【Script】】5. Do you want to live in a small town or in the countryside where you can lead a more self-reliant sort of life? Please elaborate. Answers will vary.6. Will human beings one day outsmart themselves? Why or why not? Answers will vary.ScriptUnit 2 》》Part I 》》Section II 》》ScriptWord Bankspin /spɪn/ v.( (使使) )旋转，疾驰旋转，疾驰fill in提供消息提供消息snapshot /ˈsnæpʃɒt/ n.快照，印象快照，印象take up占去，占据占去，占据slack /slæk/ n.淡季，中止淡季，中止decarbonize /diːˈkɑːbənaɪz/ v.除去碳素除去碳素progressively /prəˈɡresɪvli/ adv.渐进渐进地，逐渐地地，逐渐地excursion /ɪkˈskɜːʃn/ n.远足，短途旅行远足，短途旅行Unit 2 》》Part I 》》Section III 》》Word Banklimestone /ˈlaɪmstəʊn/ n.石灰石石灰石molecule /ˈmɒlɪkjuːl/ n.分子分子neat /niːt/ adj.< <口口> >绝妙的，很棒的绝妙的，很棒的abalone /ˌæbəˈləʊni/ n.鲍鱼鲍鱼iridescent /ˌɪrɪˈdesnt/ adj.彩虹色的，闪光的彩虹色的，闪光的Marble Falls马布尔马布尔··福尔斯（得克萨斯福尔斯（得克萨斯州州中部一城市）中部一城市）Unit 2 》》Part I 》》Section III 》》Word BankNotesUnit 2 》》Part I 》》Section III 》》Notes1. I’ll try to spin a story about energy. I’ll try to tell you a story about energy, in which imagination is involved.2. M.I.T. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Founded in 1861, is a private research institute located in Cambridge, Massachusetts. MIT has five schools and one college, containing a total of 32 academic departments with a strong emphasis on scientific and technological research.Task 1 Watch the video clip and then decide whether the following statements are true or false.TaskUnit 2 》》Part I 》》Section III 》》Task 11. In the talk the speaker covers several sources of energy in addition to oil.2. The speaker says oil is marvelous because it is energy-dense and easy to find on Earth.(Oil is very energy-dense and very easy to refine into a number of very useful products and fuels.)TF________Unit 2 》》Part I 》》Section III 》》Task 13. In the last 25 years oil consumption has dropped from 50 percent to 35 percent.4. There is no difference between limestone, chalk and abalone shells because they are all made of the same material: calcium carbonate.5. Like the Stone Age, the age of oil will also end because one day we will run out of oil.(There is a difference, and the difference lies in howthe molecules are put together.)TF________F____(The Stone Age ended not because we ran out of stones. Ideas, innovation and technology will endthe age of oil long before we run out of it.)Task 2 Watch the video clip a second time and then complete the following statements.TaskUnit 2 》》Part I 》》Section III 》》Task 21. Sears took oil as the starting point of his story about energy because of its .2. You can get the marvelous liquid of oil by putting about and 20 hydrogen atoms together in .3. For most of the past 150 years, oil has been of our energy system.4. Oil has been playing in global energy system for the last 25 years, and gasoline consumption is and will continue to .convenienceeight or so carbon atomsexactly the right waya dominant partless and less of a roledecline___________________________________________________________________________________Unit 2 》》Part I 》》Section III 》》Task 25. In the last few decades, what has taken the place of oil are a lot of and a little bit of energy.6. An observable trend in our energy system is that it is becoming .7. Limestone and chalk are made of chemical elements, and their difference rests in the way .8. Abalone shells are tougher than chalk because abalone lays down calcium carbonate crystals .9. The future of truly sustainable, carbon free energy lies in of some simple stuff differently.10. It is that will bring a promising future in terms of energy.natural gasnuclearprogressively less carbon intensethe same the molecules are put together3,000 timesin layersrearranging the moleculesideas, innovations and technology_____________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________【【Script】】ScriptUnit 2 》》Part I 》》Section III 》》ScriptPart II Part II Listening StrategiesListening Strategies Section I News—SourcesNews—SourcesUnit 2 》》Part II 》》Section I▲ News media includes newspaper, magazine, radio, television, the Internet, etc. They are important vehicles for conveying information.▲ In Britain, important newspapers are the Daily Express, Daily Mail, Daily Mirror, Daily Telegraph, Financial Times, Guardian, the Sun, the Times, while in US leading newspapers include the Chicago Daily Tribune, Christian Science Monitor, International Herald Tribune, Los Angeles Times, New York Times, Wall Street Journal, etc. In Canada primary newspapers include the Globe and Mail, Montreal Star, Ottawa Journal, Toronto Star, Vancouver Sun, etc. In Australia and New Zealand leading newspapers are the Evening Post, Herald, the Australian, Auckland Star, New Zealand Financial Times, etc.Unit 2 》》Part II 》》Section I▲ Leading English radio and television stations are British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), AmericanBroadcasting Company (ABC), Australian Broadcasting Commission (ABC), Cable News Network (CNN), Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC), Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS), National Broadcasting Corporation (NBC), National Public Radio (NPR), New Zealand Broadcasting Corporation (NZBC), Radio Australia (RA), Radio Canada International (RCI), Voice of America (VOA), etc.Unit 2 》》Part II 》》Section IListening Skill—Listen for Source of Information and Reporter’s VoiceApart from the six basic elements of news reports, the source of information and the stance of each report are also important. Since news is never to be fabricated and falsified, the source of the information reported becomes an indispensable guarantee to keep the news objective and persuasive. On the other hand, objective news is not completely objective because the reporter’s voice is rarely 100 percent neutral. Take a look at the following two examples.Unit 2 》》Part II 》》Section Ie.g. The world may soon see the end of Black Guillemot and the Pacific walrus as a result of sea ice loss in the Arctic, according to scientists meeting at the Arctic Science Conference in Fairbanks, Alaska.e.g. Newsweek has learned that Pentagon analysts are still aggressively hunting for evidence that might tie Atta, or any of the other hijackers, to Saddam’s agents. It may yet turn up, but for now, at least, the much touted “Prague connection” appears to be an intriguing, but embarrassing, mistake. In the first example, the source of information comes from “scientists”. They are more persuasive than the reporter for the issue of species extinction due to ice loss. The second example uses “might”, “may yet”, “at least”, “appears” to show the reporter’s lack of evidence to reach a conclusion.Unit 2 》》Part II 》》Section I▲Rule of Thumb 1Sources of information have various linguistic realizations in news reports. Some typical expressions are: according to, as the official puts it, it is reported, data shows, authorities said, the spokesman announced, etc.▲Rule of Thumb 2The reporter’s word choice and inflection can reveal their own stance on a subject. Some typical expressions can help us find the reporter’s voice. They include: in all possibility, it is doubtful, it is fully justifiable, it is likely, there is good evidence that, there is no doubt that, it seems /appears that. Besides that, modals also help pinpoint the reporter’s voice: may, might, can, could, should, and ought to.carbohydrate/ˌkɑːbəʊˈhaɪdreɪt/￿n.碳水化合物碳水化合物colon /ˈkəʊlən/ n.结肠结肠bladder /ˈblædə(r)/ n.膀胱膀胱acrylamide /ækriˈlæmaɪd/ n.丙烯酰胺丙烯酰胺epidemiology /ˌepɪˌdiːmiˈɒlədʒi/ n.传染病学；流行病学传染病学；流行病学starchy /ˈstɑːtʃi/ adj.含淀粉的含淀粉的detoxify /ˌdiːˈtɒksɪfaɪ/ vt.解毒解毒Word BankUnit 2 》》Part II 》》Section I 》》Task 1Task 1 Listen to the following news for key words that realize the source of information and the reporter’s stance. Then fill in the blanks with the exact words you heard.TaskUnit 2 》》Part II 》》Section I 》》Task 1No Link Between Some High-Carbohydrate Foods and Cancer Researchers say there 1) to be no link between a substance found in some high-carbohydrate foods and the development of some types of cancer. 2) researchers compared the diets of 1,000 people with colon, bladder and kidney cancer with the diets of nearly 550 healthy individuals.appearsUS and Swedish____________________Unit 2 》》Part II 》》Section I 》》Task 1Researchers looked at how much potato chips, French fries and bread, and certain types of cereal they consumed. Those are all foods found to contain higher levels of acrylamide. The 3) then compared those who ate foods containing a lot of acrylamide to those who consumed less of the substance. Lorelei Mucci of Harvard University’s Department of Epidemiology in Boston is the study’s lead author. The results are published in the current issue of the British 4) . “We found that none of the food items that have high or medium levels of acrylamide 5) to increase the risk of cancer. And then also that the total acrylamide dose that someone takes in through their diets was not associated with any excess risk of these four cancers.”investigatorsJournal of Cancerseem__________________________Unit 2 》》Part II 》》Section I 》》Task 1 Swedish researchers sparked international alarm last year, when they 6) that they had found high levels of acrylamide in certain foods. Researchers 7) acrylamide can cause cancer in animals, raising concern that it 8) cause cancer in humans. 9) say the substance is produced when starchy foods, such as potatoes, are cooked at very high temperatures, such as frying. But Ms. Mucci said her study suggests acrylamide 10) not be as harmful as first thought. “... 11) in the doses that people are taking in through the diet. So, 12) , what’s happening is that, even though you’re taking in acrylamide through your diet, you are able to effectively detoxify it.” But Ms. Mucci says she 13) like to see further study of acrylamide and its 14) links to other cancers.announcedsaycouldScientistsmayAt leastprobablywouldpossible________________________________________________assault /əˈsɔːlt/ n.攻击；突袭攻击；突袭ecosystem /ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/ n.生态系统生态系统hammerhead /’hæməhed/ n.双髻鲨双髻鲨predator /ˈpredətə(r)/ n.掠夺者掠夺者fatality /fəˈtæləti/ n.（事故、战争等中的）死亡（事故、战争等中的）死亡burglary /ˈbɜːɡləri/ n.盗窃行为盗窃行为pest /pest/ n.害虫害虫detrimental /ˌdetrɪˈmentl/ adj.有害的有害的Newfoundland /ˌnjuːfəndˈlænd/ n.纽芬兰纽芬兰( (加拿大东海岸的岛屿加拿大东海岸的岛屿) )Brazil /brəˈzɪl/ n.巴西巴西the Gulf of Mexico墨西哥湾墨西哥湾Word BankUnit 2 》》Part II 》》Section I 》》Task 2NotesDalhousie University in Halifax, Canada Located in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Dalhousie is a leading, research-intensive university offering over 180 degree programs in 11 diverse faculties.Unit 2 》》Part II 》》Section I 》》Task 2Task 2 Listen to the following news for key words that indicate the source of the information and the reporter’s stance. Then fill in the blanks with the exact words you heard.TaskUnit 2 》》Part II 》》Section I 》》Task 2Decrease in Shark Population Harms Ocean Ecosystems 1) say one of the world’s most feared, but misunderstood, creatures is under assault by fishermen. A new study of all types of sharks 2) that there are fewer of them than there used to be, and that is harming oceans’ ecosystems. A study in this week’s journal 3) is one of the first to look at the shark population. Researchers 4) sharks in the northwest Atlantic, a vast area that encompasses Newfoundland to the north and northern Brazil to the south, and stretches from the Gulf of Mexico to a distant point east off the coast of South of America.ExpertsfindsSciencesurveyed_______________________Unit 2 》》Part II 》》Section I 》》Task 2 5) Julia Baum says fisherman using long lines with up to a thousand hooks, designed to catch swordfish and tuna, are also snaring sharks. And Ms. Baum says this has resulted in huge shark declines. “For hammerhead sharks, an 89 percent decline is what we are estimating for the past 15 years. That is a phenomenal decline 6) , the thresher shark, we estimate has declined by an 80 percent decline.” The study also 7) a 79 percent drop for white sharks and a 65 percent decline in tiger sharks since 1986. Ms. Baum and colleagues at Dalhousie University in Halifax, Canada used 8) from logbooks kept by fishermen, and they plugged it into a model to arrive at the estimates.Lead authorSimilarlyfounddata_______________________Unit 2 》》Part II 》》Section I 》》Task 2 Ms. Baum says the use of hooked long lines is common all over the world, so it’s safe to 9) that shark populations are in steep decline globally. While many sharks are caught by accident in long lines, she says shark fins are prized throughout Asia to make soup, so there’s a deliberate effort to catch them as well. Many people might 10) why it’s important to worry about fewer sharks because they’re predators and will attack humans. “The number of attacks throughout the world is fairly minimal.” Malcolm Smale is a marine biologist with the Port Elizabeth Museum in South Africa. “For example, in South Africa, we only have about three to five attacks per year on average. Less than one per year is fatal. And this is a much lower number than any other cause of either injury or fatality, for example, road accidents, people getting shot in burglaries, people drowning, people struck by lightning and so on.”assumeask_________Unit 2 》》Part II 》》Section I 》》Task 2 But sharks are the oceans’ top predator. As such, Mr. Smale says they eat smaller, weaker fish and those that 11) be unfit for human consumption. “Now, one might 12) it’s not such a bad thing. But in reality, what we 13) call pest species—those with very rapid life cycles, in other words, they breed within a year or two—are 14) to become more common. And on the one hand, that might be thought to be a good thing ifthey’re edible, but in many cases these species might be pest species, in other words, not suitable for human consumption. And so this is detrimental to both humans and the food web.”maythinkwouldlikely________________Unit 2 》》Part II 》》Section I 》》Task 3Task 3 Read the following passage after the clip. pay particular attention to pronunciation and intonation.Task Swedish researchers sparked international alarm last year,↗ when they announced that they had found high levels of acrylamide in certain foods.↘ Researchers say acrylamide can cause cancer in animals,↗ raising concern that it could cause cancer in humans.↘ Scientists say the substance is produced when starchy foods,↗ such as potatoes, are cooked at very high temperatures,↗ such as frying.↘ But Ms. Mucci said her study suggeste acrylamide may not be as harmful as first thought.Part III Part III Extensive Listening I News Reports II Talk III Science Report IV Conversations V Passage Listening VI Compound Dictationban /bæn/ n.禁令；禁止禁令；禁止pragmatic /præɡˈmætɪk/ adj.务实的，实用的务实的，实用的go cold turkey戒除坏习惯戒除坏习惯proportion /prəˈpɔːʃn/ n.比例；比率比例；比率ambient /ˈæmbiənt/ adj.周遭的，环绕的周遭的，环绕的proliferation /prəˌlɪfəˈreɪʃn/ n.( (生物）增殖；激增，扩散生物）增殖；激增，扩散sinusitis /ˌsaɪnəˈsaɪtɪs/ n.窦炎窦炎Word BankUnit 2 》》Part III 》》 I News Reports 》》I1. What is the talk mainly about? A. The environmental benefits of using less air conditioning. B. It is outrageous to enforce an air-conditioning ban on examinees. C. Poor air conditioning may cause diseases. D. Bad habits are not too difficult to get away with.Listen to the report and then do the following exercise.√Unit 2 》》Part III 》》 I News Reports 》》I2. Why is there an air-conditioning ban for students taking examinations in hot weather? A. To greatly reduce greenhouse gas emission. B. To promote public awareness of energy conservation. C. To help toughen examinees’ mind and increase their tolerance. D. To ensure fairness for examinees across exam locations.3. What conclusion does the speaker draw from the ban on air conditioning for students? A. People, especially the youth, have high adaptability. B. The general public can also manage without air conditioning. C. People can turn off their air conditioners even in summer. D. It’s time for people to get rid of their addiction to air conditioning.√Unit 2 》》Part III 》》 I News Reports 》》I√【【Script】】ScriptUnit 2 》》Part III 》》 I News Reports 》》Ithermometer /θəˈmɒmɪtə(r)/ n. 温度计温度计thermostat /ˈθɜːməstæt/ n.恒温器恒温器furnace /ˈfɜːnɪs/ n.炉子，熔炉炉子，熔炉bimetallic coil双金属线圈双金属线圈strip /strɪp/ n.长条长条, , 条状条状curl /kɜːl/ vi.变卷变卷, , 弯曲弯曲slide /slaɪd/ vt.使滑动使滑动Word BankUnit 2 》》Part III 》》 I News Reports 》》II1. How is a thermostat different from a thermometer? A. The former reads air temperature. B. The former regulates indoor temperature. C. The former has a furnace attached to it. D. The former can forecast temperature.Listen to the report and then do the following exercise.√Unit 2 》》Part III 》》 I News Reports 》》II2. How can the thermostat cool temperature down in a house? A. The free end curls away from the metal contact and shuts off the furnace. B. The free end curls toward the metal contact and shuts off the furnace. C. The bimetallic coil tightens at the fastened end. D. The bimetallic coil loosens at the fastened end.3. Which of the following is NOT an element in a thermostat’s system? A. Metals expand when heated and contract when cooled. B. Different substances expand and contract at different rates. C. The brass expands and contracts a bit more than the steel. D. The bimetallic coil tightens or loosens the furnace.√Unit 2 》》Part III 》》 I News Reports 》》II【【Script】】√ScriptUnit 2 》》Part III 》》 I News Reports 》》IIbiofuel /baɪəʊˈfju:əl/ n.生物燃料生物燃料citrus /ˈsɪtrəs/ n.柑橘属果树柑橘属果树, , 柑橘属果实柑橘属果实peel /piːl/ n.果皮果皮conversion /kənˈvɜːʃn/ n.转变转变ethanol /ˈeθəˌnɔːl/ n.( (一种主要由变性酒精组成的一种主要由变性酒精组成的) )防冻液防冻液livestock /ˈlaɪvstɒk/ n.家畜家畜, , 牲畜牲畜manure /məˈnjʊə(r)/ n.肥料肥料implement /ˈɪmplɪment/ vt. 实施实施, , 执行执行Word BankUnit 2 》》Part III 》》 I News Reports 》》IIInascent /ˈnæsnt/ adj.新生的新生的, , 尚不成熟的尚不成熟的offset /ˈɒfset/ vt.弥补弥补, , 抵销抵销barrel /ˈbærəl/ n.桶桶, , 一桶的量一桶的量capitalize on利用利用hub /hʌb/ n.中心中心Unit 2 》》Part III 》》 I News Reports 》》IIIListen to the news report and then answer the questions orally afterwards. Compare what you have said with the reference answers provided.1. What are the sources of supply for green energy mentioned in the report?2. What is the principal message from the conference held in Florida? Things like citrus peel, farm waste product, and non-food crops.The US government is investing heavily in renewable energy industry, and the private sector needs to join hands in this effort._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Unit 2 》》Part III 》》 I News Reports 》》III3. What do you think can be done to live an energy-efficient, low- carbon lifestyle?An energy-efficient and low-carbon lifestyle has been actively advocated in recent years by experts. Yet not many people have a clear idea what it really means to lead this kind of life. So, first we need to learn how to life a healthy and eco-friendly lifestyleand implement what we learn. This lifestyle includes practicing energy saving, starting with the trivial things in our daily lives. For example, we can ride or take public transport to work instead of driving cars. Gas emission is one of the main contributors to high fuel consumption. We can also use fluorescent lights, which help save quite a lot of electricity. Second, once we understand eco-friendly living, we can help raise other people’s awareness of its importance._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Unit 2 》》Part III 》》 I News Reports 》》III【【Script】】ScriptUnit 2 》》Part III 》》 I News Reports 》》IIIirreversible /ˌɪrɪˈvɜːsəbl/ adj.不可逆转的不可逆转的mobilize /ˈməʊbəlaɪz/ v.动员动员compulsive /kəmˈpʌlsɪv/ adj.强制的，强迫的强制的，强迫的entrepreneur /ˌɒntrəprəˈnɜː(r)/ n.企业家企业家priority /praɪˈɒrəti/ n.优先权，优先顺序，优先优先权，优先顺序，优先skylight /ˈskaɪlaɪt/ n.天窗天窗massive /ˈmæsɪv/ adj.巨大的，大规模的，大量的巨大的，大规模的，大量的fleet /fliːt/ n.舰队，船队，机群舰队，船队，机群compact fluorescent light小型荧光灯小型荧光灯start up开动，创办开动，创办pay-off /ˈpeɪ￿ɒf/ n.报酬，报偿报酬，报偿Word BankUnit 2 》》Part III 》》 II TalkWatch the video clip and then do the following exercise.1. Why does the speaker mention his daughter and their conversation? A. To illustrate how scared he was at the thought of climate change. B. To highlight the seriousness of the climate problem. C. To prove youth today grow up quickly. D. To capture listeners’ attention.2. What is the aim of the mission the speaker and his partners took through different cities, towns and countries? A. To know more about climate crisis and possible solutions. B. To advocate their proposals dealing with climate change. C. To establish a network of the world’s smartest people. D. To call on policy makers to give due attention to climate crisis.√√Unit 2 》》Part III 》》 II Talk3. What has Wal-Mart done to reduce energy consumption? A. They have installed doors in refrigerators. B. They have stopped using heating systems. C. They have put smart skylights in their stores. D. They have used more energy efficient lights.4. Why does the speaker mention Wal-Mart in his talk? A. It has contributed much to reduce greenhouse gas emission. B. It has gone green and made good profits. C. It is the biggest retailer in the world. D. It is a powerful company that can exert influence on other institutions.√√Unit 2 》》Part III 》》 II Talk5. What does the speaker mainly cover in his talk? A. His mission in Brazil, China and India. B. Wal-Mart makes going green its top priority. C. What compact fluorescent light bulbs can do to save energy. D. A couple of ways to address the issue of the climate crisis.√【【Script】】Unit 2 》》Part III 》》 II TalkScriptUnit 2 》》Part III 》》 II TalkTask 1 Spot Dictation Directions: In this passage there are 15 blanks. Fill in the missing words after listening to the audio clip twice.TaskUnit 2 》》Part III 》》 III Science Report After a decade of research analyzing hundreds of sites across the country, scientists have for the first time calculated the importance of natural forests in 1) . They have discovered that the forests can store 2) than previously thought—on average about 640 tons per hectare. It is estimated that large trees are 3) and can store vast amounts of carbon dioxide, the principle greenhouse gas that many researchers believe is 4) . Australia’s fight against climate changethree times more carbongiant carbon spongesthe main cause of global warming ________________________________________________________________________________________ Trees consume and store carbon dioxide as they grow, which is released into the atmosphere 5) . Brendan Mackey is a professor of environmental science at the Australian National University and says natural forests are 6) . “We looked at half of Australia’s remaining forests and 7) is that they can store around 33 billion tons of carbon dioxide. These are very big numbers, I know. If all of those forests 8) and all of the carbon in the biomass in the soil 9) into the atmosphere that would be the equivalent of about 80 percent of Australia’s annual greenhouse gas emissions every year for 100 years. So we really have to protect our natural forests.”if they’re chopped downextremely valuable environmental assetsour estimatewere to be clearedwere to be released______________________________________________________________________________________Unit 2 》》Part III 》》 III Science Report Australian researchers believe international decision-makers should pay closer attention to the value of native forests in 10) . They have insisted that deforestation around the world has created the same amount of greenhouse pollution 11) . About half of Australia’s forests have been cleared in the past 200 years since 12) . Scientists have warned that what’s left should be protected to allow trees and forests to 13) in the atmosphere and do their bit to tackle climate bating climate changeas transportthe arrival of European settlers absorb excess carbon dioxide________________________________________________________ _______________________Unit 2 》》Part III 》》 III Science Report Environmental groups have welcomed the latest research and have called on the Australian government to do more to protect the continent’s 14) . Australia is one of the world’s worst per capita emitters of greenhouse gases. Global warming has become a key point of political discussion, although some Australian scientists and farmers believe a changing climate is not due to man’s excess but simply the result of 15) .remaining woodlands and forestsshifting natural cycles____________________________________________Unit 2 》》Part III 》》 III Science ReportTask 2 RepetitionDirections: Repeat the five sentences in the video clip. Pay attention to the pronunciation and intonation for each word and sentence.Task1. They have discovered that the forests can store three times more carbon than previously thought.2. Trees consume and store carbon dioxide as they grow, which is released into the atmosphere if they’re chopped down.3. Natural forests are extremely valuable environmental assets.4. Australian researchers believe international decision-makers should pay closer attention to the value of native forests in combating climate change.5. What’s left should be protected to allow trees and forests to absorb excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.Unit 2 》》Part III 》》 III Science ReportTask 3 Listen and WriteDirections: Listen to the report again and then write a summary with brief comments in about 180 words. Exchange summaries with a classmate, and then read the summary to the class.TaskFor referenceUnit 2 》》Part III 》》 III Science ReportConversationsDirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, readthe four choices marked A, B, C and D, and choose the best answer.1. A. He could get by with his limited Japanese. B. He didn’t find a good partner to practice his Japanese with. C. Japanese is too difficult for him to handle. D. Most Japanese people can speak English well.√Unit 2 》》Part III 》》IV Conversations2. A. The man is being slow in finishing his tasks. B. The woman gets annoyed with the man. C. They are going to a party with friends. D. The man complains about the fast pace of life.3. A. He failed the final exam. B. He didn’t begin preparing for the exam until three days before the test. C. He’s running out of time to prepare. D. He doesn’t know how to prepare for the test.4. A. He would keep in touch with the woman. B. He would drive down to visit the woman sometime. C. He would send the woman letters and postcards. D. He would call the woman as soon as he moved to the new place.√√√Unit 2 》》Part III 》》IV Conversations5. A. He came down with a cold but refused to take sick leave. B. He was not feeling well and was going to see a doctor. C. He would probably stay at home for a few days. D. He believed that catching a cold is big trouble.6. A. He should have a more powerful air conditioner installed. B. He should complain to the landlord about the poor air conditioning. C. He should ask for some compensation or refuse to pay part of the rent. D. He should have moved out a long time ago.√√Unit 2 》》Part III 》》IV Conversations7. A. She had a cold, serious and strict boss. B. She was already behind in her work. C. She wanted to finish her report before the deadline. D. She had a pain in her neck.8. A. The woman had a tough test. B. The man and Miranda had dinner together. C. Miranda wanted to be a teacher. D. The woman is also interested in education.√√【【Script】】Unit 2 》》Part III 》》IV ConversationsScriptUnit 2 》》Part III 》》IV ConversationsQuestions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A. He was an engineer. B. He was a landscaper. C. He worked in the countryside. D. He was a college student.10. A. About three weeks. B. About one month. C. About two weeks. D. In no time.11. A. He attended a school in New Delhi. B. He was not narrow-minded any more. C. He enjoyed his days in India. D. Staying in India was a learning experience.√√【【Script】】Unit 2 》》Part III 》》IV Conversations√ScriptUnit 2 》》Part III 》》IV ConversationsQuestions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A. She had to finish her graduate program there. B. She felt at ease there as a non-native. C. She made a lot of Japanese friends there. D. She enjoyed the ethnic diversity of the city.13. A. She has wandered overseas long enough. B. She missed her family and friends in Japan. C. She got a desirable job offer back home. D. She found the new atmosphere after 9/11 uncomfortable.√√Unit 2 》》Part III 》》IV Conversations14. A. They found themselves living in fear ever since the attack. B. They began to be quite hostile towards people of other nationalities. C. They became quite suspicious of other people around them. D. They usually overreacted when people had different opinions from them.15. A. The white has become the minority. B. Mexicans are the largest population. C. The Japanese population is growing. D. There are many Asians in the city.√√【【Script】】Unit 2 》》Part III 》》IV ConversationsScriptUnit 2 》》Part III 》》IV ConversationsPassage Listening Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.Passage 11. A. A giant battery. B. A solar-powered plane. C. A future project to reach the sun. D. A ray of very powerful light from the sun.√Unit 2 》》Part III 》》V Passage Listening 2. A. It is as precious as his own child. B. It is a mark of pride for his family. C. It will set the trend for commercial airliners. D. It lights the way for the auto industry and heating systems.3. A. The flight cost is too expensive. B. Its safety has yet to be thoroughly tested. C. It doesn’t go fast enough. D. It takes time for people to accept novelties.√√Unit 2 》》Part III 》》V Passage Listening 【【Script】】ScriptUnit 2 》》Part III 》》V Passage Listening 4. A. It unveiled GM’s latest model of extravagant cars. B. It has greener cars on exhibition. C. It has seen global gas price soaring dramatically. D. It kicked off under the most unfavorable conditions in decades.5. A. Making cars go electric and more energy efficient. B. More intensive competition with the other 2 big US auto makers. C. Restructuring the company and its production line. D. Motivating its employees’ loyalty to the company.√√Unit 2 》》Part III 》》V Passage Listening Passage 26. A. In 2007. B. In 2009. C. In 2010. D. In 2011.7. A. Market share for each of the auto manufacturers. B. Batteries and infrastructure for the electrification of cars. C. Favorable terms granted by the government. D. Cooperation between the Big Three auto makers.√√【【Script】】Unit 2 》》Part III 》》V Passage Listening ScriptUnit 2 》》Part III 》》V Passage Listening 8. A. Wind. B. Light. C. Wood. D. Geothermal.9. A. Switching to renewable energy can boost world economy. B. Renewable resources can meet the world’s energy need. C. Government policies are the key to switching to renewable energy. D. Renewable energy is commercially profitable.10. A. Cut by 12 percent. B. Cut by 15 percent. C. Cut by 20 percent. D. Cut by 22 percent.√【【Script】】Unit 2 》》Part III 》》V Passage Listening √√Passage 3ScriptUnit 2 》》Part III 》》V Passage Listening Compound Dictation Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, listen carefully for the general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. When the passage is read for the third time, check your answers.Unit 2 》》Part III 》》VI Compound Dictation In a state that already leads the US in solar electricity, a company has developed a 1) solar system it touts for large 2) rooftops. The northern California is already 3) the system to companies around the world. uniquecommercialmarketing_______________________Unit 2 》》Part III 》》VI Compound Dictation In California, the governor has set an 4) goal for renewable energy, and an industry organization says the state is the top producer of solar electricity in the country. Now a northern California company, Solyndra, is introducing a new solar 5) designed for vast commercial rooftops. The collectors are quite different than traditional flat panels. “We’ve made use of a cylindrical shape to collect light from all three dimensions both direct, 6) or diffused light, and light that bounces off of the roof,” Vice President Kelly Truman said. “We also collect on the backside with this cylindrical module.” At the high tech California 7) , with 500 employees and a collection of robots, Solyndra developed the rooftop system quietly and 8) it on October 7th,2008.ambitiouspanelscatteredfacilityunveiled_____________________________Unit 2 》》Part III 》》VI Compound Dictation 9) Forty tubes are then mounted into each panel. 10) . The company announced it has orders for over a billion dollars worth of panels over the next five years. 11) “ .” Truman said. The company’s largest installation to date is on its own roof but Truman says Solyndra already has plans to build a second, larger plant next year. Each glass tube is laser-cut with 150 solar cells using a reflective semi-conductive material. Unlike other systems, these are mounted onto simple rooftop racks, reducing installation costs and time We are helping the planet against global warming while at the same time helping our customers save money on their electric bill ________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________Part IV Part IV Communication Skills Useful Expressions for Asking PermissionUnit 2 》》 Part IVPart IVAsking permissionGiving permissionCan I ask you a question?May I have a piece of cake?Could I get you to turn off the lights?Do you mind if I smoke?Would you mind if I asked yousomething?Is it okay if I sit here?Is it all right for me to come in now?Sure.Go ahead.No problem.Certainly.Of course.Yes, of course.Not at all. (Go ahead.)Yes, I’d be delighted if you did that.Useful Expressions for Asking PermissionAsking permissionGiving permissionWould it be all right if I borrowed your lawn mower?Might I possibly borrow your dictionary?Sorry to trouble you, but do you mind if I use your mobile phone?Will you allow me to join in the group?You’d better not.I’d rather you didn’t.Unit 2 》》 Part IVPart IVTask 1 Blank FillingDirections: Listen to the audio clip twice and complete the following dialogues.TaskUnit 2 》》 Part IV Part IV 》》》》Task 1Task 1Dialogue 1 A: This room is smelly.B: Yes. What a terrible smell.A: ?B: You’d better not.A: Why not?B: The patient does not like it open.Could I open the window for a while_____________________________Dialogue 2 Unit 2 》》 Part IV Part IV 》》》》Task 1Task 1A: I hear that .B: Yes. I’m planning now.A: It is very meaningful work! I am very interested in conservation. ?B: Of course. Anyone who cares about our environment can be a member. You are welcome to join our group.A: Thank you so much. you plan to set up an organization to protect local lakesWill you allow me to join your group ________________________________________________________________________Dialogue 3 Unit 2 》》 Part IV Part IV 》》》》Task 1Task 1A: May I come in, Mr. Smith?B: . I’m very busy now.A: Can I come back later, then?B: Yes, of course.(an hour later)A: , Mr. Smith?B: Well … Mmm. I’m still pretty busy, but … all right, come in. What can I do for you?A: ?B: Not at all. Take a seat. Now, what can I do for you?I’d rather you didn’tIs it all right for me to come in nowDo you mind if I sit down______________________________________________________________Unit 2 》》 Part IV Part IV 》》》》Task 1Task 1A: I want to leave the department. ?B: Yes, but why would you want to do that?A: ?B: Not at all. Go ahead.A: Well, you see. I don’t like the office or the staff and I’m afraid of you. I don’t want to go on working like this. So may I put in for a transfer?B: I’m sorry you feel this way. . Do you think I could put in for a transferDo you mind if I speak frankly Since you seem so sure, of course you can transfer ______________________________________________________ _________________________________________Task 2 Situational Dialogue1. Pair yourself with another student in the class. One of you has a flat tire, but you are in a hurry. Ask your partner if you can borrow his/her bicycle.TaskUnit 2 》》 Part IV Part IV 》》》》Task 2Task 2Student A: __________________________________.Student B: __________________________________.Student A: __________________________________.Student B: __________________________________.Student A: __________________________________.Student B: __________________________________.Student A: __________________________________.Student B: __________________________________.Unit 2 》》 Part IV Part IV 》》》》Task 2Task 22. Pair yourself with another student in the class. One of you will play the role of the head of the sales department in a company and the other an employee in the same department. The employee goes to see the head and asks for a promotion.Student A: __________________________________.Student B: __________________________________.Student A: __________________________________.Student B: __________________________________.Student A: __________________________________.Student B: __________________________________.Student A: __________________________________.Student B: __________________________________.Part V Part V Assessment Log1. Write down the words you hear and check their spelling. How many points can you get?1 _________ 2 _________ 3 _________ 4 _________ 5 _________6 _________ 7 _________ 8 _________ 9 _________ 10_________11_________ 12_________ 13_________ 14_________ 15_________16_________ 17_________ 18_________ 19_________ 20_________21_________ 22_________ 23_________ 24_________ 25_________26_________ 27_________ 28_________ 29_________ 30_________31_________ 32_________ 33_________ 34_________ 35_________36_________ 37_________ 38_________ 39_________ 40_________41_________ 42_________ 43_________ 44_________ 45_________46_________ 47_________ 48_________ 49_________ 50_________Unit 2 》》 Part V Part V 》》》》1 1Unit 2 》》 Part V Part V 》》》》1 12. Review the content covered in this unit. How well can you do each of the following?Unit 2 》》 Part V Part V 》》》》2 2。