专题复习——连词.doc

专题复习：连词(一) 知识概要连词是一种在句子与句子之间，短语之间以及名词等其他词语之间起连接作用的虚词，它不能单独作句子的成份按其意义可分为并列连词和从属连词两大类并列连词连接的双方是对等的从属连词在初中范围内常常用来连接名词性从句，如：that, if, whether, 其次用来连接状语从句其中有原因状语从句，常用的连接词有：when while, as, since, before, after, once, as soon as, until, till 连接条件状语的连词有：if, unless, as long as 等，而原因状语的连接词有because, since, as, now that (既然)目的、结果、方式、比较、地点等状语从句的连接词有：so that, so…that, such…that, as…as, than, where… 它们在句子与文章中几乎无处不见一．并列连词和连词短语 并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组或从句常见的连词有and ,but ,or ,so ,both…and , either…or ,neither…nor , not only… but also 等。

1. and 1).and 表示 “和、且”在肯定句中连接并列的成分 He is laughing and talking . 2).祈使句+ and …… , “and” 表示“那么”之意 If…… Study hard , and you will succeed .= _____ _____ study hard , you will succeed . 3).adj / adv + and + adj /adv 表示“渐渐” He makes mistakes again and again .2.but 表示转折关系的连词，意为“但是” He is poor ,but honest .3.or 1).or 有 “或”的意思，表示一种选择 Would you like tea or water ? 2). “祈使句……,or …” or 表示否则 If …not …, ……. . Study hard , or you will fail. = _____ you _____study hard , you will fail . 3).or 用在否定句中表示并列关系。

He can’t read or write .4.both 1).both “两者都”, 后面的名词、动词都用复数 Both the answers are right . 2).both of …. Both of us are students . 3).both …and… Both you and she are right .5.either/ either …or 1).either “两者当中任何一个”,后有of 时接名词的复数形式，无of时接单数名词，动词用单数形式You may wear either of the hats. 2).either …or… “不是……就是……,或者 ……或者…….”动词与临近的主语保持一致即 “就近原则”.Either you or he has to go = Either he or you have to go .6.neither /neither …nor… 1).neither “两者当中都不”,后有of 时接名词的复数形式，无of时接单数名词，动词用单数形式 Neither of the answers ______(be) right . 2).neither ….nor… “既不…….也不……”动词与临近的主语保持一致。

即 “就近原则”. Neither you nor I am right .= Neither I nor you are right .二．从属连词从属连词是引导从句的连词1.引导宾语从句的连词1）.that 连接由陈述句转变而来的宾语从句2).who,whom,what,which,whose,when,where,why,how连接由特殊疑问句转变而来的宾语从句3).if/ whether 连接由一般疑问句转变而来的宾语从句2.引导状语从句的连词1).时间状语从句：when ,before ,after, until ,as soon as (主将从现)2).条件状语从句：if , unless 3).原因状语从句：because 4).方式状语从句：than5).结果状语从句：so… that … ,such… that…6).让步状语从句：though /although 7).目的状语从句：so that 3.不能同时出现在一个句子中的连词 1).because ,so 不能同时出现在一个句子里，只用其中之一 Because in our school knew him ,so we had no trouble in finding him. 2).though /although ,but不能同时出现在一个句子里，只用其中之一。

但though 可以与yet，still 同时出现在一个句子中 Though Australia is very large ,but the population is quite small.4.必须用whether 的情况1).discuss 和介词后的宾语从句用whether . We are discussing ____ we’ll hold a meeting. I’m worried about ___she can come to the meeting 2).和不定式、or not 连用必须用whether . I don’t know ______ to leave or not . (二) 正误辨析［误］ Both my parents are not here. They went to the concert just now.［正］ Neither of my parents is here. They went to the concert just now.［析］ 在英语中both一般用于肯定句中，如用于否定句中，其意义也不同于汉语，如：Both of us are not right. 在英语中应被理解为"我们俩不都对。

"而Neither of us is right才能被理解为"我们俩无一正确"［误］ He or his parents has some tickets for the film.［正］ He or his parents have some tickets for the film.［析］ 由or 连接两主语时，谓语动词应与相临近的那一个主语保持一致［误］ You should study hard, and you won't pass the exam.［正］ You should study hard, or you won't pass the exam.［析］ or作为连词，这里的意思为"否则"又如：Hurry up, or you'll be late for school.［误］ Though he is poor, but he is ready to help others.［正］ Though he is poor, he is ready to help others.［正］ He is poor, but he is ready to help others.［析］ "虽然……但是"是中文中的常用结构，但在英文中用了"虽然"则不要用"但是"，用了"但是"则不能再用"虽然"，二者只可用其一。

［误］ Either you or I are on duty.［正］ Either you or I am on duty.［析］ either…or 连接两个主语时，其谓语动词与相临近的一个主语相呼应，这也叫作就近原则类似的用法还有or, neither… nor, not only…but also等［误］ Tom is our English teacher and teaching English in our school now.［正］ Tom is our English teacher and is teaching English in our school now.［析］并列句中常常在后面的句子中作一些省略，以免重复，但不是所有词都可作任意的省略的当你连接的是两个系动词时，后面的那个系动词不可省略，也就是讲连接的部分不可省略［误］ My father likes swimming and to collect stamps.［正］ My father likes swimming and collecting stamps.［析］由并列连词连接的两个部分要保持相等的语法结构。

如是动名词则都用动名词，如用不定式则都应用不定式，这是初学者要注意的一点［误］ My father is reading a newspaper, I am doing my homework.［正］ My father is reading a newspaper while I am doing my homework.［析］ 两个并列句中间不可用逗号连接，要用并列连词来连接［误］ My father asked me that if I wanted to learn how to drive.［正］ My father asked me if I wanted to learn how to drive.［析］ 宾语从句的连接词只能有一个不能重复使用［误］ We will go both to Beijing and Shanghai.［正］ We will go to both Beijing and Shanghai.［析］ 用both…and…作连接词时，其相连接的部分结构也要相同［误］ Not only Mary but also her brothers is going to dance.［正］ Not only Mary but also her brothers are going to dance.［析］ 由not only… but also…连接两个主语时，其重点在其后面的那一个主语，所以谓语形式应采用就近原则。

［误］ The teacher as well as his students are coming.［正］ The teacher as well as his students is coming.［析］ 由as well as 连接两个主语时，谓语动词与as well as 后面的名词无关，而与前面的名词相一致［误］ Tom does not swim nor play football.［正］ Tom does not swim or play football.［析］ nor主要用于连接句子的对等连词，如在否定句中连接某一部分时要用or, 但要注意句子的含意，如：This animal does not like a cow or a horse. 这个动物既不像牛也不像马This an。